Mercados emerxentes

Un mercado emerxente é unha economía de mercado relativamente retardada mais en proceso de rápida industrialización ou crecemento. Porén, non hai unha definición única ou universal.^[1] En xeral, os mercados emerxentes non inclúen aqueles países altamente industrializados ou desenvolvidos nin tampouco aqueles que aínda non comezaron o camiño cara ó desenvolvemento dos seus mercados.^[1]

O termo, que se popularizou durante a década de 1980 grazas ó economista Antoine van Agtmael do Banco Mundial,^[2] emprégase a miúdo como sinónimo de "economía emerxente", malia que fai referencia normalmente a aquelas economías en transición ó desenvolvemento. Os mercados emerxentes tiveron un nivel de madureza nas súas institucións de mercado e non só unha renda per capita superior á dos países subdesenvolvidos; deben ter unha poboación relativamente elevada, con moitos recursos, e deben ser participantes críticos dos acontecementos económicos da súa contorna.^[3]

Non hai un número determinado de mercados emerxentes, mais os dez meirandes son:^[3] México, o Brasil, a Arxentina, Suráfrica, Polonia, Turquía, India, Indonesia, a República Popular da China e Corea do Sur.

Segundo Goldman Sachs as oito economías emerxentes e en desenvolvemento máis grandes, xa sexa polo PIB nominal ou axustado á inflación so os países BRIC (o Brasil, Rusia, a India e a China), así coma os MIST (México, Indonesia, Corea do Sur e Turquía).

A Área de Libre Comercio ANSA-China púxose en marcha o 1 de xaneiro de 2010, sendo o meirande mercado rexional emerxente do mundo.^[4]

Notas

↑ ^1,0 ^1,1 Kolodko, GW (2003). ''Emerging Market Economies: Globalization and Development. Asghate Publishing Company. Estats Units.
↑ FT.com / Columnists / John Authers - The Long View: How adventurous are emerging markets?
↑ ^3,0 ^3,1 "The big ten: the big emerging markets and how they will change our lives". Choice Reviews Online (en inglés) 35 (02): 35–1010–35-1010. 1997-10-01. ISSN 0009-4978. doi:10.5860/CHOICE.35-1010.
↑ "China-ASEAN FTA prompts growing trade among border cities". channelnewsasia.com (Singapur: MediaCorp). 5 de xaneiro de 2010. Arquivado dende o orixinal o 24 de outubro de 2010. Consultado o 14 de abril de 2011.

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