Sulfate de gallium

Sulfate de gallium
Identification
No CAS 13494-91-2
13780-42-2 (hydrate)
No ECHA 100.033.454
No CE 236-816-0
SMILES
InChI
Apparence solide blanc[1]
Propriétés chimiques
Formule Ga2O12S3  [Isomères]
Masse molaire[2] 427,634 ± 0,021 g/mol
Ga 32,61 %, O 44,9 %, S 22,5 %,
Propriétés physiques
T° fusion 105 à 110 °C[3] (hydrate)
Masse volumique 3,86 g/cm3[3] (hydrate)
Précautions
SGH[1]
SGH07 : Toxique, irritant, sensibilisant, narcotique
Attention
H315, H319, H335, P261, P264, P271, P280, P302+P352 et P305+P351+P338
NFPA 704[3]
Hydrate :

Symbole NFPA 704.

 
Unités du SI et CNTP, sauf indication contraire.
modifier 

Le sulfate de gallium est un composé chimique de formule Ga2(SO4)3. Il s'agit d'un solide blanc, sel de gallium(III) et d'acide sulfurique H2SO4. On en connaît des hydrates Ga2(SO4)3·x H2O. Le gallium métallique se dissout dans l'acide sulfurique en formant des solutions contenant des ions sulfate SO42− et complexes aqua [Ga(OH2)6]3+. L'octadécahydrate Ga2(SO4)3·18H2O cristallise à température ambiante à partir de ces solutions. Cet hydrate perd progressivement son eau par chauffage jusqu'à former le composé anhydre Ga2(SO4)3 à partir de 150 °C[4], et complètement au-delà de 310 °C. Le composé anhydre est isostructurel avec le sulfate de fer(III) Fe2(SO4)3, cristallisant dans le groupe d'espace rhomboédrique R3[5].

Il est possible d'obtenir le sulfate de gallium par réaction du diacétate d'hydroxygallium Ga(CH3COO)2OH avec l'acide sulfurique H2SO4 pendant deux jours à 90 °C, ce qui donne l'octadécahydrate Ga2(SO4)3·18H2O, lequel donne le composé anhydre, extrêmement hygroscopique, après séchage sous vide pendant deux heures. La réaction globale s'écrit :

2 Ga(CH3COO)2OH + 3 H2SO4 ⟶ Ga2(SO4)3 + 4 CH3COOH + 2 H2O.

Chauffé à plus de 749 °C, le sulfate de gallium dégage du trioxyde de soufre SO3, produisant de l'oxyde de gallium(III) Ga2O3[6].

Notes et références

  1. ↑ a et b Fiche Sigma-Aldrich du composé Gallium(III) sulfate, consultée le 3 février 2023.
    FDS : (en) « Gallium(III) sulfate » [PDF], sur sigmaaldrich.com, Sigma-Aldrich, (consulté le )
  2. ↑ Masse molaire calculée d’après « Atomic weights of the elements 2007 », sur www.chem.qmul.ac.uk.
  3. ↑ a b et c « Fiche du composé Gallium(III) sulfate hydrate, Puratronic®, 99.999% (metals basis)  », sur Alfa Aesar (consulté le ).
  4. ↑ (en) A. J. Downs, Chemistry of Aluminium, Gallium, Indium and Thallium, Springer, 2012, p. 153. (ISBN 978-9401049603)
  5. ↑ (en) M. Krause et R. Gruehn, « Contributions on the thermal behaviour of sulphates XVII. Single crystal structure refinements of In2(SO4)3 and Ga2(SO4)3 », Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - Crystalline Materials, vol. 210, no 6,‎ , p. 427-431 (DOI 10.1524/zkri.1995.210.6.427, Bibcode 1995ZK....210..427K, lire en ligne).
  6. ↑ (en) Wolfram W. Rudolph et Peer Schmidt, « Studies on synthetic galloalunites AGa3(SO4)2(OH)6: Synthesis, thermal analysis, and X-ray characterization », Thermochimica Acta, vol. 521, nos 1-2,‎ , p. 112-120 (DOI 10.1016/j.tca.2011.04.013, lire en ligne).
v · m
Ga(I)
Ga(II)
Ga(III)
Organogallium(III)

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