Pierre de Chailluz

Pierre de Chailluz
Description de cette image, également commentée ci-après
Pierre de Chailluz
Catégorie Roche sédimentaire
Sous-catégorie Calcaire
Structure
Texture Grains fins blanchâtres
Couleur Beige-ocre, taches bleues-grises
Utilisation
Pierre de construction
Densité 2,689[1]
Formation Bajocien (Jurassique moyen)

La pierre de Chailluz est une pierre de taille calcaire provenant des niveaux géologiques du Bajocien (171,6-167,7 Ma). Elle était principalement extraite dans la forêt de Chailluz, dans la commune de Besançon en Franche-Comté. La forêt doit son nom aux gisements de chailles que l'on y trouve et dont le produit ne doit pas être confondu avec cette pierre de taille.

Répartition

Les carrières de pierre de Chailluz ont été exploitées dans certains secteurs de la forêt notamment aux Fonds- de-Chailluz, mais également à l'extérieur comme aux Torcols. Il s'agit d'une pierre composée de calcaires oolithiques datant du Bajocien[1] qui couvrent une grande partie des roches à l'affleurement [2].

Utilisation

La majorité des bâtiments du centre historique de Besançon sont construits avec cette pierre bayadère : elle présente en effet deux teintes, beige-ocre avec de grandes taches de couleur bleu-gris[3].

Palais Granvelle

L'emploi de la pierre a été imposé en 1569 afin de mettre un terme aux incendies destructeurs qui sévissaient régulièrement et détruisaient les habitations alors édifiées en bois. C'est la pierre de Chailluz qui a été adoptée pour réaliser le parement des murs. Cette pierre aux couleurs uniques donne ainsi leur unité aux maisons hautes aux toits pentus de la ville[3].

Notes et références

  1. a b et c Fiche de la roche sur Monumat.
  2. Carte géologique de la France au 1/50 000e consultée sur InfoTerre.
  3. a et b Page du patrimoine bisontin.

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