Organisation de libération du Turkestan oriental

Organisation de libération du Turkestan oriental
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L'Organisation de libération du Turkestan oriental ou OLTO (Sharqiy Turkestan Azatliq Teshkilati en ouïghour latinisé) est une organisation armée sécessionniste ouïghoure prônant l'indépendance du Turkestan[1]. Elle a été créée en Turquie à la fin des années 1990 pour lutter contre l'administration chinoise au Turkestan oriental, une région de Chine principalement peuplée de Ouïghours, Hans, Kazakhs et d'autres communautés turques[2]. L'OLTO est considérée comme une organisation terroriste par le Kazakhstan et le Kirghizistan[3],[4],[5]. L'organisation est placée sur la liste officielle des groupes terroristes de la république populaire de Chine[6]. En décembre 2003, malgré les demandes du gouvernement chinois, les États-Unis refusèrent de la classer dans les organisations terroristes[7] déclarant simplement que l'organisation était engagée dans des « attentats et attaques de faible ampleur motivés par un dessein politique »[8],[9].

L'OLTO opère principalement au Xinjiang mais aussi en Asie centrale et au Pakistan. Elle s'est alliée au Parti islamique du Turkestan et aux Talibans[10]. Selon la Global Defence Review, il est largement admis qu'Al-Qaïda a participé au financement et à l'entraînement des combattants de l'OLTO et du MITO[10]. En , plusieurs combattants des deux organisations furent tués au Waziristan du Sud par les forces armées pakistanaises[10].

Notes et références

  1. ↑ http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2007/02/15/asia/AS-GEN-Kyrgyzstan-Extremism.php Kyrgyz authorities arrest fugitive Uighur separatist, International Herald Tribune, February 15, 2007
  2. ↑ http://web.amnesty.org/library/index/engasa170212004 « Copie archivée » (version du sur Internet Archive) People’s Republic of China - Uighurs fleeing persecution as China wages its "war on terror," Amnesty International
  3. ↑ « Central asia - caucasus analyst », sur cacianalyst.org via Internet Archive (consulté le ).
  4. ↑ « Terror list with links to al-Qaeda unveiled », sur China Daily (consulté le ).
  5. ↑ (en) « East Turkistan Liberation Organization (ETLO) », sur GlobalSecurity.org (consulté le ).
  6. ↑ (en) « China identifies Eastern Turkistan terrorist organizations, terrorists », sur GlobalSecurity.org (consulté le ).
  7. ↑ http://hrw.org/reports/2005/china0405/4.htm#_Toc100128615 Devastating Blows Religious Repression of Uighurs in Xinjiang, Human Right Watch
  8. ↑ Uyghur group added to Kazakh terror list RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty
  9. ↑ East Turkestan Liberation Organization MIPT Terror Knowledge Base
  10. ↑ a b et c Rising dragon, Global Defence Review.

Voir aussi

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Groupes affiliés à Al-Qaïda
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Afrique de l'Est
Afrique de l'Ouest
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Asie centrale
Asie de l'Ouest
Asie du Nord
Asie du Sud
Asie du Sud-Est

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