Mongolbank

Mongolbank
Монголбанк
logo de Mongolbank

Création Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata
Forme juridique Société publique
Siège social Ulan Bator
Drapeau de la Mongolie Mongolie
Direction Byadran Lkhagvasuren
Activité Finance
Produits Services bancaires
Site web https://www.mongolbank.mn//

Fonds propres 190 000 000 $ (USD)

Mongolbank (mongol : Монголбанк), ou la Banque centrale de Mongolie, est l'institution bancaire d'État de la Mongolie. Elle a pour but principal d'assurer la valeur du Tugrik, la monnaie nationale de la Mongolie, en promouvant diverses activités économiques pour le développement de l'économie du pays.

Histoire

Une première banque ouvre en Mongolie le , une coentreprise entre la Russie et la Mongolie. Nommée la Trade and Industry Bank of Mongolia, elle opère une seule succursale à Altanboulag. Cette banque commence alors avec un capital de 260 000 yanchaan (en)s et n'avait que 22 employés, 18 Russes et 4 Mongols. Officiellement, son nom était la Bank of Mongolia[1].

Puisque le pays n'avait pas encore de monnaie nationale, l'entreprise avait de la difficulté à remplir ses quotas financiers, et dût utiliser de la monnaie étrangère. Pour pallier le problème, le Grand Khoural d'État vote l'adoption d'une réforme monétaire le , qui voit l'adoption d'une nouvelle monnaie nationale, le Tugrik. En 1954, le personnel de la banque est devenue à 98 % mongol (contre 18 % en 1924). Dû à ce changement, l'Union soviétique décide de transférer tout son capital investi directement à l'État mongol. La banque décide alors de changer de nom pour devenir la Banque d'État de Mongolie[1].

En 1991, une nouvelle politique bancaire est issue et la Banque d'État s'est vu confier la tâche de maintenir la stabilité du Tugrik[1]. En 2010, la politique monétaire est resserrée pour avoir un taux de 11 % au lieu de 1 %, pour baisser l'inflation, en réduisant la croissance du crédit[2]. En 2012, la banque avait plus de 2.9 milliards de $ (USD) investi dans des réserves étrangères[3].

Gouverneurs

  • V. I. Komar, co-gouverneur (1924-1931)
  • D. I. Mikilman, co-gouverneur (1924-1931)
  • N. I. Doichman, co-gouverneur (1924-1931)
  • S. Dovchin (1931-1939)
  • Yumjagiyn Tsedenbal (1939-1940)
  • T. Baldan (1940-1955)
  • G. Baljid (1955-1960)
  • Luyugiin Lkhamsuren (1960-1965)
  • P. Tumur (1965-1975)
  • D. Danzan (1975-1981)
  • Gochoogiyin Khuderchuluun (1981-1991)
  • Naidansürengiin Jargalsaikhan (1991-1992)[1]
  • Demchigjabyn Molomjamts (1992-1996)[1]
  • Jigjid Unenbat (1996-2000)[1]
  • Ochirbat Chuluunbat (2000-2006)[1]
  • Alag Batsukh (2006-2009)[1]
  • Lkhanaasuren Purevdorj (2009-2012)[1]
  • Naidansuren Zoljargal (2012-2016)
  • Nadmidyn Bayartsaikhan (en) (2016-2019)
  • Byadran Lkhagvasuren (2019-)

Notes et références

  1. a b c d e f g h et i Sanders 2010, p. 83.
  2. (en) Lkhanaasuren Purevdorj, Annual Report 2010, Ulan Bator, Mongolbank, , 154 p. (lire en ligne).
  3. (en) « International Reserves, in millions of USD », sur Mongolbank, (consulté le ).

Voir aussi

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