Rajasthanin kukkulalinnoitukset

Rajasthanin kukkulalinnoitukset
Amber Fort, Jaipur
Amber Fort, Jaipur
Maailmanperintökohde
Sijainti Rajasthan, Intia
24°52′59.9″N, 74°38′46″E
Tyyppi kulttuuri
Kriteerit (ii)(iii)
Tunnusnumero 247
Valintahistoria
Valintavuosi 2013

Rajasthanin kukkulalinnoitukset ovat kuusi linnoitusta Intiassa, Rajasthanin osavaltiossa. Ne ovat Unescon maailmanperintökohde vuodesta 2013.[1]

Nämä kuusi laajaa kukkulalinnoitusta edustavat 700-luvulta 1700-luvulle kukoistaneiden Rajputien ruhtinasvaltioiden hienostuneita, linnoitettuja hallintokeskuksia ja niiden suhteellista poliittista itsenäisyyttä.[1]

Laajat linnoitukset, joiden ympärysmitta on jopa 20 kilometriä käyttävät hyväkseen hyvin erilaisia maastonmuotoja, erityisesti Gagronin joen, Ranthamboren tiheät metsät ja Jaisalmerin aavikon. Arkkitehtonisilla muodoilla ja koristeilla on paljon yhteistä muiden alueella kehittyneiden rakennustyylien, kuten sulttaanikunnan ja Suurmogulien valtakunnan arkkitehtuurin kanssa.[1]

Osa linnoituksista oli pikemminkin vahvojen muurien suojaamia kaupunkeja. Niiden puolustusmuurien sisällä palatsien ja muiden rakennusten arkkitehtuuri heijastaa niiden roolia hovikulttuurin keskuksina sekä taiteen ja musiikin oppimisen suojapaikkoina. Tuomioistuimen ja varuskuntien lisäksi useimpien linnoitusten muurien suojissa oli laajoja kaupunkiasutuksia. Niissä käytiin myös kauppaa, joka muodosti Rajputin ruhtinaiden vaurauden perustan. Suurimmassa osassa linnoituksia oli temppeleitä tai pyhiä rakennuksia sekä laajoja tekoaltaita ja kanavarakenteita. Chittorgarhin eli Chitorin linnakkeen kymmenissä temppeleissä käy edelleen pyhiinvaeltajia kaikkialta Rajasthanista.[1][2]

Lähteet

  1. a b c d Hill Forts of Rajasthan Unesco World Heritage Center. Viitattu 13.11.2024.
  2. Hill Forts of Rajasthan Tribes Travel. Viitattu 13.11.2024.
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