Maly Trastsjanets

Maly Trostenets ja joitain muita merkittäviä tuhoamisleirejä Ostlandin valtakunnankomissariaatissa.

Maly Trastsjanets eli Pieni Trastsjanets (valkoven. Малы́ Трасцяне́ц, ven. Ма́лый Тростене́ц, Malyi Trostenets, puol. Mały Trościeniec, saks. Maly Trostinets, Maly Trostinez, Maly Trostenez tai Klein Trostenez) oli suuri toisen maailmansodan aikainen natsi-Saksan tuhoamisleiri Valko-Venäjällä noin 10–16 kilometriä Minskin keskustan koillispuolella. Kuvausten perusteella tuhoamisleiri sijaitsi kilometritolpan ”13 km” kohdalla nykyisen Minskistä Homeliin (Gomel) ja Mahiljouhun (Mogiljov) johtavan valtatien M4 eteläpuolella.

Leiri perustettiin aiemman neuvostokolhoosin alueelle kesällä 1941, ja se toimi aluksi neuvostoliittolaisten sotavankien keskitysleirinä. Keskitysleirin luonne muuttui tuhoamisleiriksi toukokuussa 1942, kun leirille tuotiin ensimmäiset juutalaiset. Uhrilukunsa puolesta leiri oli suurin valkovenäläisistä tuhoamisleireistä. Juutalaisen Yad Vašem -instituutin mukaan tuhoamisleirillä surmattiin yhteensä noin 65 000 ihmistä (pääasiassa ampumalla), ja laajemman Trastsjanetsin alueella surmattuja oli yhteensä runsaat 200 000[1]. Myös jonkin verran pienempiä uhrilukuja (40 000–60 000) on esitetty. Valkovenäläisten juutalaisten ohella alueen tuhoamisleireille tuotiin juutalaisia junalla myös Saksasta, Hollannista, Puolasta ja Itävallasta ja Böömin ja Määrin protektoraatin alueilta Tšekkoslovakiasta.lähde?

Lähteet

  1. ↑ Shoah Resource Center, The International School for Holocaust Studies: Maly Trostinets (pdf) (Yhteenveto tuhoamisleiristä) yadvashem.org. Yad Vashem - The Holocaust Martyrs' and Heroes' Remembrance Authority. Viitattu 25.10.2009. (englanniksi)

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