Maghnia

Maghnia
مغنية
Maghnian kaupunginportti.
Maghnian kaupunginportti.

Maghnia

Koordinaatit: 34°51′8″N, 1°43′46″W

Valtio Algeria
Maakunta Tlemcen
Piirikunta Maghnia
Hallinto
 – Hallinnon tyyppi kunta
Väkiluku (2020) 143 000












Maghnia (arab. مغنية‎, aikaisemmin Marnia) on kaupunki ja piirikunnan keskus Algerian Tlemcenin maakunnassa. Se sijaitsee Maghnian tasangolla lähellä Marokon rajaa 50 kilometriä Tlemcenistä länteen. Maghnian kunnassa oli arviolta 143 000 asukasta vuonna 2020.[1]

Kaupungin paikalla oli roomalaisaikana Numerus Syrorum -niminen varuskunta, jonka tehtävänä oli vartioida Mauretania Caesariensisin länsirajaa. Se oli myöhemmin tärkeä markkinapaikka, joka sai nimensä muslimipyhimys Lalla Maghniasta. Ranskalaiset rakensivat sinne vuonna 1844 linnakkeen, jossa seuraavana vuonna solmittiin rajasopimus Marokon kanssa. Linnakkeen ympärille syntyi eurooppalainen siirtokunta, joka sai siviilihallinnon vuonna 1868. Maghnia muistetaan myös Algerian ensimmäisen presidentin Ahmed Ben Bellan syntymäpaikkana.[2]

Algerian itsenäistyttyä alueella kehitettiin keinokasteltua maataloutta, joka tuottaa varsinkin hedelmiä ja vihanneksia. Maghniaan perustettiin suuri maissinjalostamo, keramiikkatehdas, tekstiilitehdas ja muuta teollisuutta. Kaupungin väestö on kasvanut nopeasti ja sen asutus on laajentunut osin hallitsemattomasti.[2]

Maghnian kautta kulkevat Marokon rajalle johtavat maantiet ja rautatie[1]. Maiden välinen raja on ollut suljettu vuodesta 1994[3]. Lähiseudun matkailukohteita ovat Hammam Boughraran ja Hammam Chigueurin kylpylät[4].

Lähteet

  1. ↑ a b Monographie Wilaya de Tlemcen Aniref. Arkistoitu 7.4.2024. Viitattu 19.4.2024.
  2. ↑ a b Histoire de Maghnia, des origines à nos jours Maghniaweb. Viitattu 19.4.2024.
  3. ↑ Morocco and Algeria: A Long Rivalry Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. Viitattu 19.4.2024.
  4. ↑ Petit futé Algérie 2011–2012, s. 278–279. Paris: Nouvelles Éditions de l'Université, 2011. ISBN 978-2-7469-2575-5

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