Kaysone Phomvihane

Kaysone Phomvihane
Laosin presidentti
15. elokuuta 1991 – 21. marraskuuta 1992
Edeltäjä Phoumi Vongvichit
Seuraaja Nouhak Phoumsavanh
Henkilötiedot
Syntynyt13. joulukuuta 1920
Na Seng, Laos
Kuollut21. marraskuuta 1992 (71 vuotta)
Vientiane, Laos

Kaysone Phomvihane (13. joulukuuta 1920 Na Seng, Laos – 21. marraskuuta 1992 Vientiane, Laos) oli laosilainen poliitikko. Hän oli Laosin kommunistisen puolueen johtaja[1] ja toimi Laosin presidenttinä vuosina 1991–1992.[2]

Kaysone syntyi vuonna 1920 Laosissa. Hänen isänsä oli vietnamilainen Ranskan siirtomaahallituksen virkamies ja hänen äitinsä oli laosilainen. Kaysone oli mukana protesteissa joita järjestettiin japanilaisten miehitystä vastaan. Hän opiskeli lakia Vietnamin kansallisessa yliopistossa Hanoissa jolloin hän oli mukana vähän aiemmin perustetussa Indokiinan kommunistisessa puolueessa.[2]

Ho Tši Minh lähetti hänet takaisin Laosiin jotta hän liittyisi ranskalaisten vastaiseen vastarintaliikkeeseen joka tunnettiin myöhemmin nimellä Pathet Lao. Kaysone oli vuonna 1955 mukana perustamassa sen poliittista siipeä, Laosin isänmaallista rintamaa eli LPF:tä ja oli sen pääsihteeri. LPF sulautui myöhemmin Laosin kommunistiseksi puolueeseeksi.[2] Kun Yhdysvallat kävi salaista sotaa Laosissa ja aloitti vuonna 1964 mattopommitukset[3][4] hän siirsi Pathet Laon joukot pohjoiseen vuorille jossa ne pystyivät suojautumaan luoliin.[2]

Phomvihane, Nouhak Phoumsavanh ja Khamtai Siphandon kuuluivat kommunistisen Pathet Laon ydinryhmään, joka nousi valtaan vuonna 1975. Heitä kutsuttiin ”rautakolmioksi”.[5]

Lähteet

  1. ↑ Mitä Missä Milloin 1994 : kansalaisen vuosikirja, s. 35. Helsinki: Otava, 1993. ISBN 951-1-12765-9
  2. ↑ a b c d Kaysone Phomvihan Encyclopædia Britannica. Viitattu 13.12.2019. (englanniksi)
  3. ↑ Rotondi, Jessica Pearce: Why Laos Has Been Bombed More Than Any Other Country History.com. 5.12.2019. Viitattu 13.12.2019. (englanniksi)
  4. ↑ Seacret War in Laos Legacies of War. Viitattu 13.12.2019. (englanniksi)
  5. ↑ Pro-Vietnamese Communists Get Top Laos Posts 27.11.1992. Los Angeles Times. Viitattu 13.12.2019. (englanniksi)
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