James Dwight Dana

James Dwight Dana
Henkilötiedot
Syntynyt12. helmikuuta 1813
Utica, New York, Yhdysvallat
Kuollut14. huhtikuuta 1895 (82 vuotta)
New Haven, Connecticut, Yhdysvallat
Koulutus ja ura
Tutkimusalue geologia, mineralogia, zoologia
Nimikirjoitus
Nimikirjoitus

James Dwight Dana (12. helmikuuta 1813, Utica, New York, Yhdysvallat – 14. huhtikuuta 1895 New Haven, Connecticut, Yhdysvallat) oli yhdysvaltalainen geologi, mineralogi ja eläintieteilijä. Hän lukuisilla tutkimusmatkoillaan edisti ymmärrystä valtamerten geologiasta, tulivuorista ja vuoristojen muodostumisesta.[1][2]

Elämä

Dana syntyi Uticassa, New Yorkissa 12. helmikuuta 1813. Hän osoitti jo varhain kiinnostusta tieteeseen ja vuonna 1830 hän kirjoittautui Yale Collegeen opiskelemaan Benjamin Sillimanin johdolla. Valmistuttuaan vuonna 1833 hän toimi kahden seuraavan vuoden ajan laivaston matematiikan opettajana ja purjehti Välimerellä. Vuosina 1836-1837 hän oli Sillimanin apulaisena Yalen kemian laboratoriossa ja toimi sen jälkeen neljän vuoden ajan mineralogina ja geologina kapteeni Charles Wilkesin johtamassa Yhdysvaltain tutkimusretkikunnassa Tyynellämerellä. Palattuaan Amerikkaan vuonna 1842 Dana laati retkestä laajan raportin. Vuonna 1844 hän asui jälleen New Havenissa, meni naimisiin Sillimanin tyttären kanssa, ja nimitettiin vuonna 1850 Yale Collegen luonnonhistorian ja geologian professoriksi, jota tehtävää hän hoiti vuoteen 1892 asti. Vuonna 1846 hänestä tuli päätoimittaja American Journal of Science and Arts -lehteen, johon hän kirjoitti lähinnä geologiaa ja mineralogiaa käsitteleviä artikkeleita.[1]

Bibliografinen luettelo Danan kirjoituksistaan sisältää 214 kirjaa ja artikkelia, jotka alkoivat vuonna 1835 Vesuviusta käsittelevästä artikkelista ja päättyivät helmikuussa 1895 valmistuneeseen geologian käsikirjan neljänteen tarkistettuun painokseen. Danan teos Zoophytes, on the Geology of the Pacific Area, and on Crustacea, joka on yhteenveto hänen työstään Wilkesin retkikunnassa, ilmestyi vuosina 1846, 1849 ja 1852-1854 nelinumeroisina niteinä. Muita Danan teoksia ovat oppikirjat System of Mineralogy (1837), Manual of Geology (1862), Manual of Mineralogy (1848), jonka nimi on myöhemmin Manual of Mineralogy and Lithology (4. painos, 1887); ja Corals and Coral Islands (1872). Vuonna 1887 Dana vieraili uudelleen Havaijisaarilla, ja hänen lisätutkimustensa tulokset julkaistiin vuonna 1890 nelinumeroisessa teoksessa Characteristics of Volcanoes.[1]

Royal Society myönsi hänelle Copley-mitalin vuonna 1877 ja Geological Society of London -seura Wollaston-mitalin vuonna 1874.[1]

Lähteet

  1. ↑ a b c d Suess, Eduard Encyclopaedia Britannica. 1911. Viitattu 03.05.2021.
  2. ↑ Dana, James Dwight Tietosanakirja. 1909-1922. Viitattu 03.05.2021.

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