HMS Cornwall (56)

Tämä artikkeli kertoo Britannian kuninkaallisen laivaston County-luokan raskaasta risteilijästä. Muita samannimisiä aluksia on täsmennyssivulla.
HMS Cornwall
HMS Cornwall
HMS Cornwall
Aluksen vaiheet
Rakentaja Devonportin telakka, Plymouth
Kölinlasku 9. lokakuuta 1924
Laskettu vesille 11. maaliskuuta 1926
Palveluskäyttöön 8. toukokuuta 1928
Poistui palveluskäytöstä upotettu 5. huhtikuuta 1942
Tekniset tiedot
Uppouma 9 010 t (standardi)
13 670 t (kuormattu)
Pituus 190 m
Leveys 20,8 m
Syväys 4,95 m
Koneteho 80 000 shp
Nopeus 31,5 solmua
Miehistöä 700
Aseistus
Aseistus 4 × 8" (203 mm) kaksoistykkitornia
4 × 4" (102 mm) ilmatorjuntatykkiä
2 × neliputkista 2 naulan ilmatorjuntatykkiä
2 × nelipiippuista .50" konekivääriä
8 × 21" (533 mm) torpedoputkea

HMS Cornwall oli Britannian kuninkaallisen laivaston Kent-luokan raskas risteilijä toisessa maailmansodassa.

Valmistus

Pääartikkeli: County-luokka (risteilijä)

Alus tilattiin Devonportin telakalta, missä köli laskettiin 9. lokakuuta 1924. Alus laskettiin vesille 11. maaliskuuta 1926 ja otettiin palvelukseen 8. toukokuuta 1928.

Palvelus

Palvelukseen otettaessa alus liitettiin Kiinan asemalle, mistä se palasi heinäkuussa 1936 Englantiin modernisoitavaksi. Telakalla aluksen panssarointia lisättiin, yksiputkiset neljän tuuman tykit vaihdettiin kaksiputkisiin Mk XIX asennuksiin, kaksi kahdeksanputkista kahden naulan neliputkisiin sekä etummainen tulenjohtopaikka uudistettiin. Aluksen siltarakennetta myös mataloitettiin.[1]. Joulukuussa 1937 palvelukseen palatessa alus liitettiin 2. risteilijäviirikköön, kunnes se palasi 1939 Kiinan asemalle 5. risteilijäviirikköön. Alus liitettiin Ceylonilla Force I:hin metsästämään saksalaisia kaappareita Intian valtamereltä. Osaston mukana alus osallistui vuoden lopulla Saksan laivaston Admiral Graf Speen etsintään ja upottamiseen Etelä-Atlantilla.[2]

Cornwall liitettiin Etelä-Atlantin osastoon, jonka mukana alus osallistui Vichyn Ranskan joukkoja vastaan suoritettuun operaatioon elokuussa 1940 Dakarissa (operaatio Menace). Alus pysäytti yhdessä HMS Delhin kanssa Primaguetin johtaman osaston ja pakotti sen purjehtimaan Casablancaan.[2]

Alus palasi Intian valtamerelle, missä alus pysäytti ja upotti 8. toukokuuta 1941 Seychellien edustalla saksalaisen kaapparin Pinguinin. Japanin liityttyä akselivaltojen liittolaisena sotaan alus suojasi Intian valtamereltä Sunda salmeen kulkevia saattueita, kunnes vuoden 1942 alussa siirrettiin Colomboon.[2]

HMS Cornwall uppoaa

Alus liitettiin Itäisen laivaston nopeaan ryhmään. Alus joutui japanilaisten lentokoneiden yllättämäksi 5. huhtikuuta 1942 Malediivien lounaispuolella ja se upposi yhteenoton seurauksena.[2]

Lähteet

Wikimedia Commonsissa on kuvia tai muita tiedostoja aiheesta HMS Cornwall (56).
  • Whitley, M. J.: Cruisers of World War Two – an international encyclopedia. Lontoo: Arms and Armour, 1996. ISBN 1-86019-874-0 (englanniksi)
  • Gardiner, Robert (toim.): Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1922–1946. Lontoo, Englanti: Conway Maritime Press, 1987. ISBN 0-85177-146-7 (englanniksi)

Viitteet

  1. ↑ Whitley s. 85
  2. ↑ a b c d Whitley s. 86
County-luokan risteilijät
Kent-luokka HMS Berwick - HMS Cumberland - HMS Suffolk - HMS Kent - HMS Cornwall - HMAS Australia - HMAS Canberra
London-luokka HMS London – HMS Devonshire – HMS Shropshire – HMS Sussex
Norfolk-luokka HMS Dorsetshire - HMS Norfolk - HMS Northumberland - HMS Surrey
Edeltäjä: Emerald-luokka – Seuraaja: York-luokka

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