Dekadenssi (taidesuuntaus)

Symbolismi
Fernand Khnopff, Hopeinen tiara, 1911.
Fernand Khnopff, Hopeinen tiara, 1911.

Dekadenssi[1], myös dekadentit,[2] (lat. decadentia > ransk. décadence > 'rappio', 'turmelus') oli erityisesti Ranskan kirjallisuudessa ja kuvataiteessa 1880-luvulla esiintynyt kirjallisuuden ja taiteen suuntaus, joka Charles Baudelairesta lähtien syntyi vastavaikutuksena naturalismin todellisuudenanalyysille ja kankealle ”parnassolaiselle” lyriikalle. Suuntauksen manifestina pidetään Baudelairen teosta Les Fleurs du mal (1857, Pahan kukkia) Suuntaukseen liittyy symbolismi.[1]

Dekadentit tahtoivat esittää sitä, mikä on yksilöllistä, poikkeuksellista, vaistomaista. He myös etsivät rajoja uudessa tilanteessa ja valitsivat boheemin ja sovinnaisesta moraalista riippumattoman elämäntavan. Dekadenssin muita edustajia ovat muun muassa Paul Verlaine, Oscar Wilde ja Maurice Maeterlinck.[2]

Kuvataiteessa dekadenssi kuvasi epätavallisia, naturalismin vastaisia ja usein neuroottisia ilmiöitä. Sen huomattavimmiksi edustajiksi on katsottu Edvard Munch, Aubrey Beardsley ja James Ensor. Dekadenssi joudutti symbolismin syntyä.[3]

Katso myös

Lähteet

  • Kämäräinen, Aki et al. (toim.): Suomen ja maailman taide - Hakemisto, Sanasto. WSOY, 1986. ISBN 951-0-10729-8

Viitteet

  1. ↑ a b Dekadenssi Tieteen termipankki. Viitattu 22.10.2018.
  2. ↑ a b Dekadentit Pieni tietosanakirja. 1926. Viitattu 22.10.2018. (Projekt Runeberg)
  3. ↑ Kämäräinen et al 1986, s. 84

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