Ponts Couverts (Estrasburgo)

Ponts Couverts (Estrasburgo)
 Monumentu historikoa
Kokapena
Estatu burujabe Frantzia
Frantziaren banaketa administratiboa Metropolitar Frantzia
Eskualdea Ekialde Handia
DepartamenduaRhin Beherea
Frantziako udalerriEstrasburgo
Koordenatuak48°34′48″N 7°44′22″E / 48.5799°N 7.73953°E / 48.5799; 7.73953
Map
Historia eta erabilera
Irekiera1250
Inaugurazioa1250 (egutegi gregorianoa)
JabeaVille de Strasbourg (en) Itzuli
Arkitektura
Materiala(k)harria
Gurutzatzen duIll
Ondarea
Mérimée IDPA00085192

Ponts Couverts (alemanez: Gedeckte Brücken, euskaraz: «Zubi estaliak») Frantzia ekialdeko Estrasburgo hirian dagoen zubi multzo bat da. Lau dorrek eta hizu zubik osatzen dute. Ill ibaia lau adarretan zatitu berritan hauek zeharkatzeko egiturak dira, XIII. mendean eraikiak.

1988an UNESCOk Gizateriaren ondare izendatu zuen Petite France auzoan daude[1]. Aurrez 1928. urtean Frantziako monumentu historiko izendatu zituzten[2]

Historia

Estrasburgo hiriaren babeserako egitura gisa eraiki ziren Ill ibaiaren adarren gainean. 1230. urtean abiatu zituzten lanak eta 1250an amaitu. Zubi hauek egurrezko estalkia zuten eta hortik datorkie izena. 1332an egurrezko zutabeen ordez harlanduzkoak ezarri zituzten. Hiriaren aldera irekia zen baina kanpo aldera artileriarentzako zirrikituak baino ez zeuden.

Bost dorre altu ere eraiki ziren XIV. mendean hiriaren defentsa egitura sendotzeko, gaur egun lau baino ez daude. 1570. urtean burdinezko hesiak jarri ziren azpian, etsaiei ibiaitik sartzea eragozteko.

1681ean frantziarrek Estrasburgo berenganatu zuten eta 1690an zubien parean 100 metro ibaian gora Barrage Vauban eraikina altxatu zuten babes egituraren gehigarri. Egitura honen bidez ibaiaren emaria erreguka zezaketen.

1784. urtean zubiei egurrezko estalkia kendu bazitzaien ere izenak bere horretan jarraitu zuen[3]. 1865ean egurrezko zubiak bota eta harrizko berriak eraiki ziren haien tokian.

Dorreak

Lau dorreak honako hauek dira (iparraldetik hegoaldera):[4]

  • Stöckelsturm ("borreroaren dorrea")
  • Heinrichsturm ("Henrikeren dorrea")
  • Hans von Altheimturm ("Altheimgo Joanen dorrea")
  • Französische Turm ("Frantsesen dorrea")

Ill ibaiaren adarrak

Ill ibaia Estrasburgoko alde zaharrera iristean lau adarretan banatzen da. Iparraldekoa da zabalena eta gainerako hirurek berehala bat egiten dute hegoaldeko adarra osatuz. Adar biek aurrerago bat egingo dute Estrasburgoko alde zaharra uharte bihurtuz. Hegoaldeko hiru adarrak Zornmühle, Disenmühle eta Spitzmühle dira eta horiek zeharkatzen dituzte zubi estaliek. Alemanierazko mühle atzizkiak "errota" esan nahi du, izan ere ubide horietan errota ugari kokatu baitziren[3].

Iruditegia

Erreferentziak

  1. ↑ (Ingelesez) Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. «Strasbourg, Grande-Île and <em>Neustadt</em>» UNESCO World Heritage Centre (Noiz kontsultatua: 2022-08-14).
  2. ↑ «Ponts couverts» www.pop.culture.gouv.fr (Noiz kontsultatua: 2022-08-14).
  3. ↑ a b (Ingelesez) Pierre. (2012-11-27). «Strasbourg Petite France District» French Moments (Noiz kontsultatua: 2022-08-14).
  4. ↑ [http://www.petit-patrimoine.com/fiche-petit-patrimoine.php?id_pp=67482_152 «Les Ponts couverts de Strasbourg � #Strasbourg #67 #67000»] www.petit-patrimoine.com (Noiz kontsultatua: 2022-08-14).

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