Nikotinamida adenina dinukleotido

Nikotinamida adenina dinukleotido
KonposizioaNADH (en) Itzuli, NAD+ (en) Itzuli eta NAD zwitterion (en) Itzuli
MotaNAD(P) (en) Itzuli
Erabilera
Tratatzen duentzefalomielitis mialgiko/neke-sindrome kroniko
Arriskuak
NFPA 704
1
1
0
Identifikatzaileak
CAS zenbakia53-84-9
ChemSpider5681
PubChem5892
Gmelin13389
RTECS zenbakiaUU3450000
DSSTox zenbakiaUU3450000
EC zenbakia200-184-4
ECHA100.000.169
CosIng57411
MeSHD009243
UNII0U46U6E8UK

Nikotinamida adenina dinukleotidoa, NAD+ era laburtuan, zelula guztietan dagoen koentzima da, erredox erreakzioetan parte hartzen duena (elektroiak bereganatu eta ematen ditu erreakzio katabolikoetan)

Koentzimak entzima bati laguntzen dioten molekulak dira.

Bere egitura kimikoan bi nukleotido daude, fosfato taldeen bidez loturik (ikus irudia). Nukleotido batek adenina du, eta besteak nikotinamida bat.

Entzima batek deshidrogenazioaren bidez substratu bat oxidatzen duenean, substratu horri kendutako hidrogeno atomoak NAD-i ematen dizkio entzima horrek

A-H2 + NAD+ → A + NADH+H+

Krebs zikloaren hainbat erreakzioetan, esaterako, prozesu hori gertatzen da, eta NAD+ erreduzitu egiten da. Kasu horretan NAD+-k bi elektroi eta protoi bat bereganatzen ditu (beste protoi bat libre geratuz). Fosforilazio oxidatiboan, aldiz, NAD+-k elektroiak ematen ditu.

Era berean, hartzidura laktikoan NADH-k bi elektroi ematen dizkio azido pirubikoari, azido laktikoa agertuz.

NAD+, beraz, eragile oxidatzailea da -elektroiak hartzen ditu beste molekula batzuetatik- eta NADH eragile erreduktorea da (elektroiak ematen ditu)

Nikotinamida adenina dinukleotidoa niazina edo B3 bitaminatik eratorria da. Triptofano edo azido aspartiko aminoazidoetatik abiatuta ere sintetiza daiteke "in vivo".

Kanpo estekak

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