Klorita

Infotaula de mineralKloritak
Ezaugarri orokorrak
KategoriaMineralak
Formula(Mg,Fe)3(Si,Al)4O10
(OH)2·(Mg,Fe)3(OH)6
Sistema kristalinoMonoklinikoa 2/m; zenbait polimorfo triklinikoak dira
Identifikazioa
KoloreaBerdearen aldaerak; gutxitan horiak, gorriak edo zuriak
HabitoaOrri-formako masak, agregatuak, ezkata sakabanatuak
EsfoliazioaPerfektua 001
Gogortasuna
Mohs eskalan		2 - 2,5
DistiraBeirakara, perla-itxurakoa, hitsa

Klorita (Mg,Fe)3(Si,Al)4O10(OH)2·(Mg,Fe)3(OH)6 formula kimiko orokorra daukaten mineral filosilikatoen talde bat izendatzeko erabiltzen den terminoa da. Formula honek taldearen egitura orokorra adierazten du. Kloritak disoluzio solidoen lau segidaren bidez deskriba daitezke, silikatoen saretan ondoko lau elementuen ordezkapena gertatzean sortzen direnak: magnesioa, burdina, nikela eta manganesoa. Segiden muturreko kideak hauek dira:

  • Klinokloroa: (Mg5Al)(AlSi3)O10(OH)8
  • Txamosita: (Fe5Al)(AlSi3)O10(OH)8
  • Nimita: (Ni5Al)(AlSi3)O10(OH)8
  • Pennantita: (Mn,Al)6(Si,Al)4O10(OH)8

Horrez gain, zinka, litioa eta kaltzioa daukaten espezieak ere ezagutzen dira. Mota askotako osaerak edukirik, beren propietate fisiko eta optikoak ere askotarikoak dira. Era berean, kloritak tenperatura- eta presio-baldintza askotan existi daitezke. Hori dela-eta, leku askotan agertzen dira: tenperatura baxu eta ertaineko arroka metamorfikoetan, zenbait arroka igneotan, arroka hidrotermaletan eta sakonera handietako sedimentuetan.

Kloritek grezierazko chloros, "berde", hitzari zor diote bere izena.

Kanpo estekak


Geologia Artikulu hau geologiari buruzko zirriborroa da. Wikipedia lagun dezakezu edukia osatuz.

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