Kamassid

 See artikkel räägib rahvast; jalatsite kohta vaata artiklit Kamassid (jalatsid)

Kamassid olid Lääne-Siberis Sajaanides (tänapäeva Krasnojarski krai lõunaosa ja Hakassia territooriumil) elanud samojeedi rahvas, kes rääkis kamassi keelt.

17. sajandil oli kamasside arv ligikaudu 500.

19. sajandi keskpaiku oli kamasse järel umbes 130.[1]

Kamasside traditsioonilised tegevusalad olid põhjapõdrakasvatus, küttimine ja kalapüük. Nad erinesid oma turgi rahvastest naabritest, kes tegelesid hobuse-, veise-, lamba- ja kitsekasvatusega. Ajapikku omandasid kamassid naaberhõimudelt hobuseid ja veiseid ning hakkasid küttima püssidega. Venelased saabusid kamasside asualadele 1860. aastatel. Vene uusasunikud ei austanud kohalikke tavasid ja pidasid jahti kamasside kodustatud põhjapõtradele nagu metsikutele. Nad haarasid enda kätte kamasside põlised küttimisalad ja käitusid igas suhtes eesõigustatuina. Metsloomade arv vähenes piirkonnas kiiresti. Kamassid käisid alla. Kuna põhjapõtrade pidamine oli muutunud võimatuks, lasksid kamassid kõik loomad vabadusse. Siitpeale läksid nad üle paiksele eluviisile. Algas kiire assimileerumine venelastega. Kamasside seas valitses pidev naiste defitsiit tütarlaste suurema suremuse tõttu. See aitas kaasa kamassi-vene segaabielude sõlmimisele. Juba 20. sajandi algul oli pooltel kamassidel venelasest ema. Kamassid läksid täielikult üle vene keelele.[2]

Kamassi keele viimane emakeelena kõneleja Klavdija Plotnikova suri 1989. aastal.

Kamassi keelt on uurinud Ago Künnap, kes kaitses Helsingi Ülikoolis aastal 1971 filosoofiadoktori väitekirja teemal "System und Ursprung der kamassischen Flexionssuffixe" ning aastal 1974 Tartu Riiklikus Ülikoolis filoloogiadoktori väitekirja teemal "Pööramine ja käänamine samojeedi keeltes" ("Склонение и спряжение в самодийских языках (сравнительно-исторический анализ первичных словоизменительных суффиксов)").

Viited

  1. http://www.philology.ru/linguistics3/matveev-65.htm
  2. Saaremaast Sajaanideni ja kaugemalegi. Tallinn, 1970, lk. 211-212

Read other articles:

Xem thêm Tam quốc diễn nghĩa (định hướng) Tam quốc diễn nghĩaBìa DVD của phimThể loại Chiến tranh Cổ trang Lịch sử Sử thi Dựa trênTam quốc diễn nghĩacủa La Quán TrungKịch bản Châu Hiểu Bình Châu Khải Diệp Thức Sinh Đỗ Gia Phúc Lưu Thọ Sinh Lý Nhất Ba Đạo diễn Thái Hiểu Tinh Thẩm Hảo Phóng Tôn Quang Minh Trương Thiệu Lâm Trương Trung Nhất Vương Phù Lâm Dẫn chương trìnhNgô Hiểu ĐôngDi...

Пісенний конкурс Євробачення 1995 Дата фіналу 13 травня 1995 Ведучі Мері Кеннеді Телеканал господарів RTE Місце проведення Дублін, Ірландія Пісня переможця Nocturne Норвегія Система голосування Кожна країна оцінює 10 учасників оцінками 1-8, 10, 12 Кількість країн 23 Дебют не...

1968 single by Otis Redding The Dock of the Bay redirects here. For other uses, see The Dock of the Bay (disambiguation). (Sittin' On) The Dock of the BayAn early US vinyl pressingSingle by Otis Reddingfrom the album The Dock of the Bay B-sideSweet Lorene (Volt issue)Keep Your Arms Around Me (Atco reissue)ReleasedJanuary 8, 1968RecordedNovember 22 and December 7, 1967StudioStax, Memphis, Tennessee[1]GenreSoul, folk[2][3]Length2:38LabelVoltAtcoSongwriter(s)Steve Cropper...

Cheaply produced (often direct to video) Yakuza movies, with themes of sex and violence. This article does not cite any sources. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Gokudō – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (January 2015) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Gokudō (極道) is a name for cheaply produced (often direct to vid...

Pemandangan malam di Universitas Bisnis Baku Perguruan tinggi negeri Gedung Universitas Ekonomi Negeri Azerbaijan di Jalan Istiglaliyyat Perguruan tinggi negeri Universitas Pendirian Akademi Administrasi Negara 3 Januari 1999 Universitas Arsitektur dan Pembangunan Azerbaijan 1975 Universitas ADA 6 Maret 2006 Universitas Kedokteran Azerbaijan 1930 Universitas Pertanian Negeri Azerbaijan 1929 Universitas Ekonomi Negeri Azerbaijan 1930 Akademi Kelautan Negeri Azerbaijan 1996 Universitas Keminyak...

American epidemiologist (1859–1934) Theobald SmithBorn(1859-07-31)July 31, 1859Albany, New YorkDiedDecember 10, 1934(1934-12-10) (aged 75)New York City, New YorkNationalityAmericanAlma materCornell University, Albany Medical CollegeKnown forTexas cattle fever, SalmonellaAwardsManson Medal (1932)Copley Medal (1933)Scientific careerFieldsEpidemiologyInstitutionsUS Department of Agriculture, Harvard University, Rockefeller University Theobald Smith FRS(For)[1] HFRSE (Jul...

Semi-automatic rifle Remington Model 8 TypeSemi-automatic riflePlace of originUnited StatesService historyUsed byFederal Bureau of InvestigationTexas Rangers - same model .35 killing Bonnie and ClydeProduction historyDesignerJohn BrowningC.C. Loomis [1]ManufacturerRemington ArmsProduced1905–1911 (Remington Autoloading Rifle) 1910–1929 (FN Model 1900) 1911–1936 (Model 8) [1] 1936–1950 (Model 81) [2]No. built26,000 (Remington Autoloading Rifle...

Kompleks Peluncuran Antariksa 37Peluncuran satelit GOES-N diangkut oleh roket Delta IV, dari SLC-37B pada tahun 2006Situs peluncuranStasiun Angkatan Antariksa Cape CanaveralLokasi28.531986°N80.566821°WNama pendekSLC-37OperatorAngkatan Antariksa Amerika SerikatTotal peluncuran41Jumlah landasan2Inklinasi orbitminimum/maksimum28° - 57°Riwayat peluncuran LC-37AStatusDihancurkanLaunches0Peluncuran pertamaTidak DIgunakanRoket terkaitSaturn ISaturn IB Riwayat peluncuran SLC-37BStatusAktifLaunche...

Preman PensiunNama alternatifPP: Preman PensiunGenre Drama Aksi Komedi Kejahatan Thriller PembuatMNC PicturesSkenarioAris NugrahaCeritaAris NugrahaSutradaraAris NugrahaPemeran Didi Petet Epy Kusnandar Ikang Sulung Mat Drajat Roy Chunonk Muhammad Jamasari Andra Manihot Abi Khuto Abenk Marco Denny Firdaus Ica Naga Tya Arifin Soraya Rasyid Ucup Palentin Icuk Baros Ike Muti Angelica Simperler Sandi Tile Gugun Cahya Lagu pembukaOst. Preman PensiunLagu penutupOst. Preman PensiunPenata musikDa...

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Palau Robert – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (June 2021) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Avinguda Diagonal façade of Palau Robert. Palau Robert (Catalan pronunciation: [pəˈlaw ruˈβɛɾt]) is a building on Barcelon...

British TV series or programme CatterickDVD Cover of Catterick, with Bob Mortimer as Carl Palmer and Vic Reeves as Chris PalmerGenre Sitcom Absurdist comedy Black comedy Crime comedy Created by Vic Reeves Bob Mortimer Written by Vic Reeves Bob Mortimer StarringVic ReevesBob MortimerMatt LucasReece ShearsmithMorwenna BanksMark BentonTim HealyCharlie HigsonCountry of originUnited KingdomNo. of series1No. of episodes6ProductionProducerPett ProductionsRunning time30 minutesOriginal releaseNe...

Public two-year college in Dearborn, Michigan, U.S. This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these template messages) This article relies largely or entirely on a single source. Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page. Please help improve this article by introducing citations to additional sources.Find sources: Henry Ford College – news · newspapers · books · sc...

Este artículo o sección necesita referencias que aparezcan en una publicación acreditada.Este aviso fue puesto el 21 de enero de 2019. Avenida CircunvalaciónAmérico Vespucio Santiago, Chile Chile Avenida Américo Vespucio en 2008. Datos de la rutaIdentificador  Ruta 70 Tipo Autopista - AvenidaLongitud 64,8 kmOtros datosIntersecciones Ruta CH-68 en Autopista del PacíficoRuta CH-72 en Camino Lo EcheversRuta CH-5 en Autopista CentralRuta CH-78 en Autopista del SolRuta C...

Historic palace in Jaffna, Sri Lanka Mantri Manaiமந்திரி மனைMantri ManaiLocation in greater JaffnaGeneral informationStatusGoodTown or cityJaffnaCountrySri LankaCoordinates9°40′38.9″N 80°02′09.3″E / 9.677472°N 80.035917°E / 9.677472; 80.035917OwnerSri Lankan governmentLandlordS. Thambipillai[1]HeightArchitecturalEuropean and DravidianTechnical detailsMaterialBrick, lime plaster, wood, tileDesignationsArchaeological protected monu...

This article needs to be updated. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. (May 2015) St Michael's & Wicksteed (Kettering Borough Council) St Michael's & Wicksteed Ward within Kettering Borough Kettering Borough within Northamptonshire Northamptonshire within England St Michael's & Wicksteed Ward, formed from the merger of St Michaels Ward and Wicksteed Ward, is a ward of Kettering Borough Council that was created by boundary changes...

Type of Buddhist building Ordination ceremony in the ordination hall of Wat Bowonniwet in Thailand The ordination hall is a Buddhist building specifically consecrated and designated for the performance of the Buddhist ordination ritual (upasampadā) and other ritual ceremonies, such as the recitation of the Pāṭimokkha.[1][2] The ordination hall is located within a boundary (sīmā) that defines the space within which all members of a single local community have to assemble ...

1961 studio album by The Ray Conniff SingersSo Much in LoveStudio album by The Ray Conniff SingersReleased1961GenreEasy listeningLabelColumbiaThe Ray Conniff Singers chronology Young at Heart(1960) So Much in Love(1961) 'S Continental(1962) So Much in Love is an album by The Ray Conniff Singers. It was released in 1961 on the Columbia label (catalog no. CS-8520).[1][2] The album debuted on Billboard magazine's Top LPs chart on February 17, 1962, peaked at No. 5, and re...

Xem thêm: Thế vận hội Mùa đông 2026 Thế vận hội Người khuyết tật Mùa đông lần thứ XIVThành phố chủ nhàMilan và Cortina d'Ampezzo, ÝNội dung6 môn thể thaoLễ khai mạc6 tháng 3Lễ bế mạc15 tháng 3Sân vận độngPalaItalia Santa GiuliaMùa đông ← Bắc Kinh 2022 TBD 2030 → Mùa hè ← Paris 2024 Los Angeles 2028 → Thế vận hội Người khuyết tật Mùa đông 2026 (tiếng Anh: 2026 Winter Par...

Pearl S. BuckPearl Buck, kk. 1932.PekerjaanPenulis, mubalighWarganegaraAmerika SyarikatSubjekChinaAnugerahHadiah Pulitzer 1932 Hadiah Nobel Kesusasteraan 1938 Pearl Sydenstricker Buck (26 Jun 1892 — 6 Mac 1973) juga dikenali sebagai Sai Zhen Zhu, ialah penulis Amerika yang juga pemenang Hadiah Pulitzer yang menghabiskan sebahagian besar hayatnya di China. Pada 1938, beliau menjadi wanita Amerika yang pertama untuk dianugerahkan Hadiah Nobel Kesusasteraan, kerana pemerian yang kaya dan benar...

Carol Gilligan (2011) BiografiaNaixement28 novembre 1936 (87 anys)Nova York FormacióRadcliffe College Universitat Harvard Swarthmore College ActivitatCamp de treballFeminisme i estudis de gènere Ocupaciópsicòloga, activista pels drets de les dones, filòsofa, escriptora OcupadorUniversitat Harvard Universitat de Nova York Universitat de Cambridge Participà en21 gener 2004Trobada Anual del Fòrum Econòmic Mundial de 2004 ObraObres destacables(1982) In a Different Voice (en) ...