Torneos de Verano (Spanish for "Summer Tournaments") are a series of short friendly football pre-season tournaments held during the southern summer in Argentina every year, usually in January and February. They serve as preparation for the teams for the season coming; however, as the years went by the competitiveness in the tournaments increased, and they are now considered as important competitions. This is clearly reflected in the high crowd attendance for the games.
Since the first edition in 1968, the Torneos de Verano have been uninterruptedly played, then being expanded to other cities of Argentina such as Córdoba, Mendoza, Rosario and Tandil among others.
The first competition was established by then Boca Juniors president Alberto Armando, who had showed his interest in moving the main Primera División teams to the city of Mar del Plata, the biggest seaside beach resort in Argentina. As a result, two competitions were held in the city in 1968, with the games played at General San Martín Stadium,[1] the main venue of the city by then.[2] The first of them, "Copa Libertad" was held in January 1968, with San Lorenzo as winner of a tournament also contested by Boca Juniors, Rosario Central and Uruguayan side Peñarol.[3]
Another competition, "Copa Ciudad de Mar del Plata", was held in February. The Hungarian team Vasas – which the de facto government led by Juan Carlos Onganía did not want to allow to enter the country due to Hungary being under communist rule – was the winner after beating favorites Racing Club de Avellaneda (current Intercontinental champion) and River Plate (3–0 in the final).[4][5]
In 1969 the "Copa de Oro" had its inaugural season as a friendly tournament between Argentine and foreign clubs. In its first edition, Brazilian Palmeiras, Austrian SK Rapid Wien, Hungarian MTK Budapest and Czechoslovakian Slovan Bratislava participated of the tournament, together with Boca Juniors, Estudiantes L.P., and the Mar del Plata XI team. Later editions only had Brazilian, Uruguayan or Paraguayan teams, with occasional European clubs or national teams, mainly Hungary and Czechoslovakia. Since the 1980s it has only 3 to 5 Argentine teams, which varied from year to year, but included the Big Five (Boca Juniors, Independiente, Racing, River Plate and San Lorenzo) and sometimes Estudiantes and Vélez Sársfield. Even though they coexisted for several years, the "Copa Ciudad de Mar del Plata" eventually replaced the Copa de Oro as the most important summer tournament. The "Torneo Pentagonal de Verano" (previously "Copa de Verano"), in which the Big Five participate, was the most important tournament and usually took place in Mar del Plata until 2009. Copa de Oro is the longest competition, with 40 editions held between 1969 and 2017.[5]
When Estadio José María Minella was built for the 1978 FIFA World Cup, summer competitions moved to that venue since 1979,[6] leaving General San Martín Stadium for regional competitions only, until it was demolished in 1996.[7][5]
In January 1995, Maradona made his debut as manager of Racing in a Torneo de Verano match v arch-rival Independiente.[8] Maradona was still banned by FIFA and he had arrived in Racing Club to coach the team until the term of the ban expired so he could resume his career as player in the club. Nevertheless, the tenure of Maradona on Racing did not last so long (only 11 matches) before leaving the club.[9]
The "Copa Desafío" and Copa Revancha" are currently one-match cups disputed only between Boca Juniors and River Plate. Other cups are organized by cities or sponsors, but their continuity is more irregular. Some are organized without any of the Big Five. For instance, the "Ciudad de Córdoba" includes clubs from the Córdoba Province, and occasionally some from Santa Fe Province; and the "Copa Ciudad de Tandil" or "Copa del Sur" includes teams from the southern area of the Gran Buenos Aires: Arsenal, Quilmes, Lanús, Gimnasia y Esgrima (LP), and occasionally a guest like Rosario Central.
After several years of being host in San Juan, in 2022 the seat of summer tournaments moved to La Plata, with only one competition held, being named simply "Torneo de Verano". It was contested by six teams, four from Argentina and two from Chile.[10]
The summer tournaments in Argentina have had some memorable matches during their more than 50 years of existence. The Hungarian team Vasas – which the de facto government led by Juan Carlos Onganía did not want to allow to enter the country due to Hungary being under communist rule – was the winner after beating favorites Racing Club de Avellaneda (current Intercontinental champion) and River Plate (3–0 in the final).[4][5]
In 1979, River Plate beat Czechoslovakia national team (then European champions and touring on Argentina)[11] 4–1.[6] Two years later, Talleres de Córdoba defeated Hungary national team 3–0 in Mar del Plata.[6][12][13] In 1986, River Plate beat Poland national team 4–2, scoring two goals in the last three minutes of the match.[14] Enzo Francescoli scored three goals, the last of them with a bicycle kick.[15]
The summer of 1999 saw how Boca Juniors easily beat River Plate 3–0 in the Copa Revancha match at Estadio Malvinas Argentinas, Mendoza, with three goals scored by Martín Palermo.[16] In 2000, Boca beat River 2–1,[17] with a starting lineup that included ten players from the youth academy. That defeat caused manager Ramón Díaz resigned after that match.[18]
In Copa Luis Nofal, held on January 31, 2015, in Estadio Malvinas Argentinas, Boca Juniors thrashed River Plate 5–0, achieving the largest win in a friendly Superclàsico.[19][20]
Since the inception of Copa Libertad, the first summer tournament held in Mar del Plata, many South American and European (club and national teams) have participated in Torneos de Verano. 1968 Copa Libertad was contested by Uruguayan side Peñarol. For the 1969 Copa de Oro, Austrian Rapid Wien, Hungarians Slovan Bratislava and MTK Budapest and Brazilian Palmeiras arrived in Mar del Plata to compete.[21]
European teams contesting the other tournament organised in 1968, "Copa Ciudad de Mar del Plata", were Hungarian club Vasas (which would be the winner) and the Czechoslovakia national team. A Mexican team, Necaxa, was invited for the 1970 "Copa de Oro", remaining as the only team from that country to have participated in Argentine summer competitions. The following editions would be contested only by Argentine clubs until 1975, when Paraguayan Olimpia took part.[21]
Czechoslovakia returned to Argentina for the 1979 edition of Copa de Oro. The Czech combined, that had won the European Nations Cup in 1975, finished 2nd. to River Plate. Brazilian club Internacional was the other non-Argentine team that took part of the friendly competition. One year later, the Hungary B national team was invited to participate. The side finished 2nd. to Indpendiente.[21]
Hungary also took part of the 1981 edition, playing with its main team, but the squad made a poor performance, with three loses and a draw, finishing last. Following the practise initiated, another East Europe side invited to summer tournaments was Poland in 1986. German side Köln participated in 1988, being the last participation of a European team to date.[21]
Since 2009, South American teams have been often guests to summer tournaments. In 2009, Club Libertad (Paraguay), San Martín de Porres (Peru) and Defensor Sporting (Uruguay) took part of Copa Santa Fe, a regional competition in Santa Fe Province. In the inaugural season of Copa Ciudad de Rosario in 2011, Alianza Lima (Peru)[22] and Universidad Católica (Chile) were the guest teams.[23] The next edition, FBC Melgar from Peru was the only guest team.
It was not until 2020 when a non-Argentine team took part of summer tournaments again. In that year, several South American sides contested several friendly matches or competitions. Uruguayan club Nacional made its debut in Torneos de Verano winning the Copa Desafío,[24] while Peruvian club Universitario[25] and Club Athletico Paranaense (Brazil) participated in Copa San Juan (in the homonymous city).[26] On the other side, Liverpool (Uruguay) took part of "Copa Wanora Romero"[note 1] in Córdoba.[27][28]
After a hiatus due to COVID-19 pandemic in Argentina in 2021, the summer tournaments came back in 2022 with a unique competition held in Estadio Jorge Luis Hirschi of Estudiantes de La Plata. Chilean sides Universidad de Chile and Colo-Colo took part of the tournament along with local clubs Boca Juniors, Independiente, and San Lorenzo.[29][30]
As of January 2023[update] [31][32]
هذه المقالة يتيمة إذ تصل إليها مقالات أخرى قليلة جدًا. فضلًا، ساعد بإضافة وصلة إليها في مقالات متعلقة بها. (أبريل 2019) كولن ميلز معلومات شخصية الميلاد 6 يناير 1951 (72 سنة) مواطنة المملكة المتحدة الحياة العملية المهنة كاتب، وناقد أدبي اللغات الإنجليزية بوابة الأدب…
Код НАТО OF-10 OF-9 OF-8 OF-7 OF-6 OF-5 OF-4 OF-3 OF-2 OF-1 OF(D) Student Officer Словенія(Ред.) Безвідповідника Безвідповідника Безвідповідника General Generalpodpolkovnik Generalmajor Brigadir Polkovnik Podpolkovnik Major Stotnik Nadporočnik Poročnik
Asia TengahPeta lokasi Asia TengahWilayah4.003.451 km2 (1.545.741 sq mi)[note 1]PopulasiKepadatan 71,982,775 1.743/km2 (4.510/sq mi)Negara Kazakhstan Kirgizstan Tajikistan Turkmenistan UzbekistanNominal PDB$260 billion (2017)[1]Nominal PDB per capita$3,700 (2017)Bahasa resmiKazakh, Kyrgyz, Rusia, Tajik, Turkmen, Uzbek Asia Tengah adalah sebuah kawasan yang terkurung daratan di benua Asia. Banyak arti yang berbeda dalam kompos…
Menara PriceMenara Price, Bartlesville, OklahomaInformasi umumJenisMultifungsiLokasi510 Dewey AvenueBartlesville, Oklahoma, A.S.Mulai dibangun1952Rampung1956TinggiMenara antena221 ft (67 m)Data teknisJumlah lantai19Luas lantai42.000 square feet (3.900 m2)Lift4Desain dan konstruksiArsitekFrank Lloyd WrightKontraktor utamaHaskell CaldwellMenara PriceDaftar Kawasan Bersejarah Nasional di ASU.S. National Historic LandmarkFrank Lloyd Wright, Price TowerLetak:Bartlesville, OklahomaKoord…
The FIVB Volleyball Women's World Championship is an international volleyball competition established in 1952. It is contested by the women's national teams of the members of Fédération Internationale de Volleyball (FIVB), the sport's global governing body. The tournament has taken place every four years. The most recent World Championship, hosted by Italy in 2014, was won by the United States, who beat China 3–1.[1][2] Just like the men's tournament the World Championship fi…
Операція «Фортитьюд»Operation Fortitude Британські військові на аеродромі Амман. Липень 1958.Британські військові на аеродромі Амман. Липень 1958. Дата: 17 липня — 29 жовтня 1958 Місце: Амман, Йорданія Результат: захист йорданського уряду і короля Хусейна під час кризи Сторони Велик
Esta página cita fontes, mas que não cobrem todo o conteúdo. Ajude a inserir referências. Conteúdo não verificável pode ser removido.—Encontre fontes: ABW • CAPES • Google (N • L • A) (Agosto de 2023) O Mascaramento em audiometria é um fenômeno psicoacústico no qual o limiar de audibilidade para um som (tom puro ou fala) é elevado pela presença de um outro som de maior intensidade na orelha contralateral. Clinicamente …
Tetrakis(trifluoropropyl)tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane Identifiers CAS Number 429-67-4 3D model (JSmol) Interactive image ChemSpider 61251 ECHA InfoCard 100.006.420 EC Number 207-060-9 PubChem CID 67934 UNII 6UZH4CP48X CompTox Dashboard (EPA) DTXSID7059985 InChI InChI=1S/C16H28F12O4Si4/c1-33(9-5-13(17,18)19)29-34(2,10-6-14(20,21)22)31-36(4,12-8-16(26,27)28)32-35(3,30-33)11-7-15(23,24)25/h5-12H2,1-4H3Key: XOVNCWWRDSAYNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N SMILES C[Si]1(O[Si](O[Si](O[Si](O1)(C)CCC(F)(F)F)(C)C…
Heutiges Leibnizhaus am Holzmarkt (Rekonstruktion von 1983, linkes Gebäude), links der Holzmarktbrunnen Original-Leibnizhaus in der Schmiedestraße 10, Photochromdruck, um 1900 Foto des Original-Leibnizhauses von Karl Friedrich Wunder, um 1900 Das Leibnizhaus war ursprünglich ein 1499 erbautes Renaissance-Bürgerhaus in Hannover, das nach dem Philosophen Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz benannt ist. Er bewohnte das Haus von 1698 bis zu seinem Tod im Jahr 1716. Das Gebäude wurde 1943 während des Zwe…
Jelawat Jelawat Klasifikasi ilmiah Kerajaan: Animalia Filum: Chordata Kelas: Actinopterygii Ordo: Cypriniformes Famili: Cyprinidae Genus: Leptobarbus Spesies: L. hoevenii Nama binomial Leptobarbus hoevenii(Bleeker, 1851) Jelawat (Leptobarbus hoevenii) adalah ikan perairan sungai dan danau yang asli berasal dari Semenanjung Malaya dan Pulau Kalimantan. Ukurannya cukup besar, dapat mencapai 60 cm dan merupakan bahan pangan yang cukup populer dan dihargai di Asia Tenggara. Ikan ini pemaka…
Kepolisian Daerah MalukuSingkatanPolda MalukuMottoMelindungi, Mengayomi dan MelayaniYurisdiksi hukumProvinsi MalukuMarkas besarJl. Sultan Hasanuddin No.18, Tantui Ambon (97128)Pejabat eksekutifInspektur Jenderal Polisi Drs. Lotharia Latif, S.H., M.Hum., KepalaBrigadir Jenderal Polisi Stephen M. Napiun, S.I.K., S.H., M.Hum., Wakil KepalaSitus webhttp://maluku.polri.go.id Kepolisian Daerah Maluku atau Polda Maluku (dulu bernama Komando Daerah Kepolisian (Komdak atau Kodak) XX/Maluku) adalah pelaks…
Secretary of EnergyKalihim ng EnerhiyaOfficial seal of the Department of EnergyIncumbentRaphael P. M. Lotillasince July 11, 2022StyleThe HonorableAppointerThe President with the consent of the Commission on AppointmentsTerm lengthNo fixed termInaugural holderGeronimo Z. VelascoFormation1978Websitehttp://www.doe.gov.ph The secretary of energy (Filipino: Kalihim ng Enerhiya) is the member of the Cabinet of the Philippines in charge of the Department of Energy. List of secretaries of energy # …
La portatrice di pane Ficha técnicaDirección Romolo BacchiniProtagonistas Gennaro RighelliMaria Righelli Ver todos los créditos (IMDb)Datos y cifrasPaís ItaliaAño 1911Género dramaCompañíasProductora Vesuvio FilmsFicha en IMDb[editar datos en Wikidata] La portatrice di pane («La vendedora de pan» en italiano) es una película dramática muda italiana de 1911 dirigida por Romolo Bacchini. Está basada en la novela francesa La Porteuse de pain de Xavier de Montépin.[1] R…
Insulasi merek stirofoam busa polistirena yang tertekan keluar (XPS), dimiliki dan dibuat oleh DuPont Stirofoam adalah tanda dagang busa polistirena tertekan keluar bersel tertutup (XPS) yang dibuat sebagai papan insulasi bangunan berkesinambungan yang digunakan dalam dinding, atap, dan fondasi sebagai penginsulasi panas dan penghalang air. Bahan ini berwarna biru muda dan dimiliki serta dibuat oleh DuPont. DuPont juga telah menghasilkan sederet bentuk busa hijau dan putih yang digunakan dalam k…
Tower defense video game 2022 video gameDome KeeperDeveloper(s)BippinbitsPublisher(s)Raw FuryEngineGodot EnginePlatform(s)WindowsmacOSLinuxReleaseSeptember 27, 2022Genre(s)Tower defense, roguelikeMode(s)Single-player Dome Keeper is a 2022 tower defense game developed by Bippinbits and published by Raw Fury. It was released for Windows, macOS and Linux on September 27, 2022.[1][2] In the game, players must defend themselves against alien creatures attacking their glass dome. After…
Town in Vojvodina, SerbiaBanatski Karlovac Банатски КарловацTownThe new Orthodox churchBanatski KarlovacLocation of Banatski Karlovac within SerbiaShow map of VojvodinaBanatski KarlovacBanatski Karlovac (Serbia)Show map of SerbiaBanatski KarlovacBanatski Karlovac (Europe)Show map of EuropeCoordinates: 45°03′N 21°01′E / 45.050°N 21.017°E / 45.050; 21.017CountrySerbiaProvinceVojvodinaDistrictSouth Banat DistrictMunicipalityAlibunarElevation99 m …
يو-2360 الجنسية ألمانيا النازية الشركة الصانعة دويتشه ويرفت[1] المالك كريغسمارينه المشغل كريغسمارينه (23 يناير 1945–5 مايو 1945)[1] المشغلون الحاليون وسيط property غير متوفر. المشغلون السابقون وسيط property غير متوفر. التكلفة وسيط property غير متوفر. منظومة التعاريف ال…
Richard Bauer (* 31. Januar 1875 in Düsseldorf; † 12. Januar 1935 ebenda) war ein deutscher Architekt und Innenarchitekt. Inhaltsverzeichnis 1 Leben 2 Bauwerke (Unvollständig) 3 Literatur 4 Weblinks 5 Einzelnachweise Leben Richard Erwin Bauer, Sohn des Schreiners Peter Bauer (1832–1901) und der Wilhelmine Bode (1833–1910), wurde auf der Düsselthaler Straße in Düsseldorf-Pempelfort geboren.[1][2] So wie sein älterer Bruder August ging Richard Bauer nach einer Ausbildun…
Karang BongkokNegaraIndonesiaGugus kepulauanKepulauan SeribuProvinsiDKI JakartaKabupatenKepulauan SeribuLuas-Populasi- Pulau Karang Bongkok merupakan salah satu pulau yang berada dalam gugusan Kepulauan Seribu. Secara administratif termasuk dalam wilayah kelurahan Pulau Kelapa kecamatan Kepulauan Seribu Utara kabupaten Kepulauan Seribu provinsi DKI Jakarta, Indonesia. Pulau Karang Bongkok memiliki bentuk yang lonjong. Panjang keliling pulau ini adalah 500 meter masuk dalam kawasan Taman Nas…
German actress Janina ElkinJanina Elkin in Cannes 2019BornJanina Elkin (1982-12-20) 20 December 1982 (age 40)Kyiv, Ukrainian Soviet RepublicNationalityGermanOccupationActressYears active2003-present Janina Elkin (born 20 December 1982 in Kyiv, Ukrainian Soviet Republic) is a German film and theater actress.[1][2][3][4] Background Janina Elkin was born on 20 December 1982 in Kyiv, Ukrainian SSR. She attended the State Dance Academy in Kiev. At the age of …
Lokasi Pengunjung: 3.144.224.244