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Names
	Turkish: Tirimüjgan Kadın; Ottoman Turkish: تیر مژکان قادین

Tirimüjgan Kadın
Tirimüjgan Kadın
Born	16 October 1819; Circassia
Died	3 October 1852 (aged 32); Feriye Palace, Constantinople, Ottoman Empire ; (present day Istanbul, Turkey)
Burial	Cedid Havatin Türbe, New Mosque, Istanbul
Consort	Abdulmejid I (m. 1840⁠–⁠1852)
Issue	Naime Sultan; Abdul Hamid II; Şehzade Mehmed Abid;
Names
Names
	Turkish: Tirimüjgan Kadın; Ottoman Turkish: تیر مژکان قادین
House	Ottoman (by marriage)
Father	Bekhan Bey
Mother	Almaş Hanım
Religion	Sunni Islam

Gülnihal Tirimüjgan Kadın^[1] (16 October 1819 - 3 October 1852; Ottoman Turkish: تیرمژکان قادین, young rose and darting eyelashes) was a consort of Sultan Abdulmejid I, and the mother of Sultan Abdul Hamid II of the Ottoman Empire.

Early life

Tirimüjgan was of Shapsug Circassian ancestry. Her father was named Bekhan Bey and her mother Almaş Hanım.^[1] In her memoirs, her granddaughter Ayşe Sultan says that, despite her well-documented origins, Abdul Hamid's enemies falsely claimed that she was the daughter of an Armenian musician named Çandır.^[1]^[2]^[3]

According to Charles White, who visited Istanbul in 1843, Tirimüjgan was brought tò Istanbul by Rıza Pasha, and given to Esma Sultan, who educated her and give her name Gülnihal, and then presented her to Abdulmejid. She probably worked as a palace servant before becoming a consort.^[4] After their wedding, Abdulmejid renamed her Tirimüjgan. Her granddaughter Ayşe depicted her as having "green eyes and long, light brown hair, pale skin of translucent white colour, thin waist, slender body structure, and very good-looking hands and feet.". Temperamentally, she was known for her refined and gentle manner. In addition, she dabbled in poetry, although she was not particularly talented. ^[5]

Marriage

Tirimüjgan married Abdulmejid in 1840. She was given the title of "Third Kadın".^[1] She was known for her refinement, her politeness, and her beauty.^[5] Charles White said the following about her:

The second,...has the reputation of great beauty and accomplishments, and of writing tolerable poetry.^[4]

Tirimüjgan gave birth to two princes and one princess. On 11 October 1840, she gave birth to her first child, a daughter Naime Sultan,^[6]^[7] she died of smallpox at the age of two and a half on 1 May 1843. On 21 September 1842, she gave birth to her second child, a son Şehzade Abdul Hamid (later Abdul Hamid II)^[8]^[9]^[10] On 22 April 1848, she gave birth to her third child Şehzade Mehmed Abid, who died fifteen days later on 7 May 1848.^[8]^[11] Abdul Hamid named one of his daughters, Naime Sultan and one of his sons, Şehzade Mehmed Abid after these siblings of his.^[12]^[13]

Having lost a daughter, Tirimüjgan devoted herself to her son, Abdul Hamid, and during her illness, she did everything she could to ensure his happiness. He would go every day to Beylerbeyi Palace to see her, then return to Dolmabahçe Palace.^[12]

Nergisnihal Hanım was one of the closest servants of Tirimüjgan. She had appointed her to the service of her infant daughter Naime, and after Naime's death to the service of Abdul Hamid.^[14] Before Tirimüjgan died she imparted to Nergisnihal "I entrust my son to you, Do not abandon him, so long as you live, sleep outside of his room. After her death, she did the same as Tirimüjgan bequeathed her, and never left Abdul Hamid. She died in 1892. After Tirimüjgan Kadın's death, Abdülmecid entrusted their son Abdülhamid to another his consort, Rahime Perestu Kadin, who had no children of her own.^[14]

Death

Tirimüjgan died on 3 October 1852 in the Feriye Palace, and was buried in the mausoleum of new ladies in New Mosque, Istanbul. Having died before her son ascended the throne, she was never Valide Sultan.^[8]^[15] Among all her fellow consorts, she felt the closest to Perestu Kadın and always held her in high regard. After her death, Abdul Hamid was adopted by Perestu, who had also been the adoptive mother of Cemile Sultan.^[16]

Issue

Name	Birth	Death	Notes
Naime Sultan	11 October 1840^[6]^[9]^[7]	1 May 1843^[6]^[9]^[7]	born in Topkapı Palace;^[6] buried in Tomb of Mustafa III^[6]
Abdul Hamid II	21 September 1842^[8]^[9]^[10]	10 February 1918^[10]	34th Sultan of the Ottoman Empire
Şehzade Mehmed Abid	22 April 1848^[8]^[11]	7 May 1848^[8]^[11]	born in Çırağan Palace;^[8] buried in New Mosque^[8]

In literature

Tirimüjgan is a character in Hıfzı Topuz's historical novel Abdülmecit: İmparatorluk Çökerken Sarayda 22 Yıl: Roman (2009).^[17]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Uluçay 2011, p. 204.
^ Brookes 2010, p. 128.
^ Sakaoğlu 2008, p. 575.
^ ^a ^b Charles White (1846). Three years in Constantinople; or, Domestic manners of the Turks in 1844. London, H. Colburn. p. 10.
^ ^a ^b Brookes 2010, p. 127.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Uluçay 2011, p. 218.
^ ^a ^b ^c Brookes 2010, p. 285.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Uluçay 2011, p. 205.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Paşa 1960, p. 144.
^ ^a ^b ^c Brookes 2010, p. 277.
^ ^a ^b ^c Paşa 1960, p. 145.
^ ^a ^b Brookes 2010, p. 133.
^ Sakaoğlu 2008, p. 576.
^ ^a ^b Brookes 2010, p. 135.
^ Sakaoğlu 2008, pp. 576–577.
^ Brookes 2010, pp. 134–135.
^ Hıfzı Topuz (2009). Abdülmecit: İmparatorluk Çökerken Sarayda 22 Yıl: Roman. Remzi Kitabevi. p. 38. ISBN 978-975-14-1357-4.

Sources

Uluçay, M. Çağatay (2011). Padişahların kadınları ve kızları. Ötüken. ISBN 978-9-754-37840-5.
Sakaoğlu, Necdet (2008). Bu Mülkün Kadın Sultanları: Vâlide Sultanlar, Hâtunlar, Hasekiler, Kandınefendiler, Sultanefendiler. Oğlak Yayıncılık. ISBN 978-6-051-71079-2.
Brookes, Douglas Scott (2010). The Concubine, the Princess, and the Teacher: Voices from the Ottoman Harem. University of Texas Press. ISBN 978-0-292-78335-5.
Paşa, Ahmed Cevdet (1960). Tezâkir. [2]. 13 - 20, Volume 2. Türk Tarih Kurumu Basımevi.