Thomas Ruff (born 10 February 1958) is a German photographer who lives and works in Düsseldorf, Germany. He has been described as "a master of edited and reimagined images".[1]
Ruff shares a studio on Düsseldorf's Hansaallee, with fellow German photographers Laurenz Berges, Andreas Gursky and Axel Hütte.[2] The studio, a former municipal electricity station, includes a basement gallery.[3]
One of six children, Thomas Ruff was born in 1958 in Zell am Harmersbach in the Black Forest, Germany. In his youth, he was fascinated with Aldous Huxley's theories which inspired his photographs.[4] In the summer of 1974, Ruff acquired his first camera. After attending an evening class in basic photography techniques, he started experimenting, taking shots similar to those he had seen in many amateur photography magazines.[5]
During his studies in Düsseldorf and inspired by the lectures of Benjamin HD Buchloh, Ruff developed his method of conceptual serial photography. Ruff began photographing landscapes, but while still a student, he transitioned to the interiors of German living quarters, with typical features of the 1950s to 1970s. This was followed by similar views of buildings and portraits of friends and acquaintances from the Düsseldorf art and music scene, initially in small formats.
Ruff studied photography from 1977 to 1985 with Bernd and Hilla Becher at the Kunstakademie Düsseldorf (Düsseldorf Art Academy), where fellow students included the photographers Andreas Gursky, Candida Höfer, Thomas Struth, Angelika Wengler, and Petra Wunderlich. In 1982, he spent six months at the Cité internationale des arts in Paris. In 1993, he was a scholar at Villa Massimo in Rome.
Ruff commented on his influences: "My teacher Bernd Becher, showed us photographs by Stephen Shore, Joel Meyerowitz, and the new American colour photographers."[6] He is often compared with other members of a prominent generation of European photographers that, includes Thomas Struth, Andreas Gursky, and Rineke Dijkstra.[7] From 2000 to 2005, Ruff taught Photography at the Kunstakademie Düsseldorf.
In his studio between 1981 and 1985, Ruff photographed 60 half-length portraits in the same manner: Passport-like images, with the upper edge of the photographs situated just above the hair, even lighting, the subject between 25 and 35 years old, taken with a 9 × 12 cm negative and, because of the use of a flash, without any motion blur. The early portraits were black-and-white and small, but Ruff soon switched to color, using solid backgrounds in different colors; from a stack of colored card stock the sitter could choose one color, which then served as the background.[8] The resulting Portraits depict the individual persons – often Ruff's fellow students[9] – framed as in a passport photo, typically shown with emotionless expressions, sometimes face-on, sometimes in profile, and in front of a plain background.[10] Ruff began to experiment with large-format printing in 1986, ultimately producing photographs up to seven by five feet in size (210 × 165 cm).[11] By 1987 Ruff had distilled the project in several ways, settling on an almost exclusive use of the full frontal view and enlarging the finished work to monumental proportions.[12] Art critic Charles Hagen, writing for The New York Times, commented: "Blown up to wall-size proportions, the photographs looked like gigantic banners of Eastern European dictators."[13]
Because he found the effect of the colors too dominant in these, Ruff chose a light and neutral background for the portraits he made between 1986 and 1991.[8] In a discussion with Philip Pocock,[14] Ruff mentions a connection between his portraits and the police observation methods in Germany in the 1970s during the German Autumn. Indeed, while experimenting with composite faces in 1992, Ruff came across the Minolta Montage Unit, a picture generating machine, used by the German police in the 1970s to generate composite portraits. Through a combination of mirrors, four portraits, fed into the machine, produce one composite picture.[13] Ruff started out reconstructing faces but soon found it more interesting to construct artificial faces, which often combine features of men and women, that do not, but could conceivably, exist in reality; this resulted in his Anderes Porträt series (1994–1995).[15]
Ruff intended that large groups of the approximately eight-by-ten-inch color portraits would be hung together, so to add variety he photographed each person against a colored backdrop.
The series Häuser was created between 1987 and 1991. Ruff's building portraits are likewise serial, and have been edited digitally to remove obstructing details – a typifying method, which gives the images an exemplary character. Of these Ruff notes, "This type of building represents more or less the ideology and economy in the West German republic in the past thirty years." Architects Herzog & de Meuron soon became aware of this form of architecture photography and invited Ruff to participate in their entry for the Venice Biennale of Architecture in 1991 with a photograph of their building for Ricola.[8]
In 1999, Ruff made a series of digitally altered photographs of modernist architecture by Mies van der Rohe. The series l.m.v.d.r. – the initials of the architect – began as a commission offered to Ruff in 1999–2000 in connection with the renovation of Haus Lange and Haus Esters in Krefeld, Germany. Having worked with architectural subject matter since the mid-1980s, Ruff was enlisted to photograph the Krefeld buildings as well as the Barcelona Pavilion and the Villa Tugendhat in Brno.[16][17]
These first series were followed in 1989 by images of the night sky, Sterne, which were not based on photographs by Ruff, but rather on archived images ('Catalogue of the Southern Sky', including 600 negatives) he had acquired of the European Southern Observatory in the Andes in Chile. These photographs of the stars, taken with a specially designed telescopic lens, are described and catalogued with the precise time of day and exact geographic position. Ruff selected specific details from these photographs, which he enlarged to a uniform grand scale.[18] From 1992 to 1995, during the first Gulf War, Ruff produced his Nacht series (1992–1996), night images of exteriors and buildings using the same night vision infrared technology developed for use, both military and in broadcast television, during the Gulf War. From 1994 to 1996, these were followed by Stereoscopy images, and another series in the 1990s, Zeitungsfotos, consisted of newspaper clippings enlarged without their original subtitles.
In 2003, Ruff published a photographic collection of "Nudes" with a text by the French author Michel Houellebecq. Ruff's images here are based on Internet pornography,[19] which was digitally processed and obscured without any camera or traditional photographic device.[20] In 2009, Aperture Foundation published JPEGs, a large-scale book dedicated exclusively to his monumental series of pixilated enlargements of internet-culled images in the compressed JPEG format.[21][22][23]
His Substrat series (2002–2003), based on images from Japanese manga and anime cartoons, continued this exploration of digitally altered Web-based pictures. However, he alters and manipulates the source material such that the work becomes an abstraction of forms and colors with no visual memory of the original source material.[24] On 7 February 2011, one of his Nudes pictures appeared on the cover of New York Magazine.[25]
The artist's series Zycles and Cassini draw from scientific sources. Zycles are based on 3D renderings of mathematical curves that were inspired by Ruff's encounter with copperplate engravings found in 19th-century books on electromagnetism.[26] Ruff translated these images via a 3D computer-modeling program, but instead of his usual flattening, he gave volume to 2D. The results are large inkjet prints on canvas of colored lines and swirls.[26] The Cassini works are based on photographic captures of Saturn taken by NASA. Ruff has transformed the raw black and white prints with interjections of saturated color.[27] In the ma.r.s. series, also sourced from the NASA website, Ruff has transformed the raw black and white fragmentary representations of the planet Mars with interjections of saturated color. He also digitally changed the perspective.[28] In addition to the large C-prints, he has experimented for the first time with 3D image-making.[29][30]
With Photograms, Ruff engages with the photogram, the cameraless technique advanced by Man Ray, László Moholy-Nagy, and others in the early twentieth century.[31] The photograms series depict abstract shapes, lines, and spirals in seemingly random formations with varying degrees of transparency and illumination. The objects and the light in Ruff's Photograms derive from a virtual darkroom built by a custom-made software program.[28]
Exhibited for the first time at Sprüth Magers's Berlin gallery in 2017, the press++ series is based on images that have been published in American newspapers and magazines from the 1920s to 1970s and that Ruff found on eBay.[32] To produce these works, Ruff scans the front and back of each photograph and combines them digitally, considering the original image and crops, touch-ups, date stamps, scribbles, and smudges.[33]
After a number of collaborations with Swiss architects Herzog & de Meuron, the firm designed a studio building for Ruff and Gursky in Düsseldorf.
First exhibited at David Zwirner's 533 West 19th Street location in New York, the d.o.pe series takes its title from Aldous Huxley's autobiographical work The Doors of Perception, which explores the author's experience using mescaline. For this series, Ruff prints fractal patterns created with a specialized software program onto industrial carpets, extending the artist's interest in the limits of human perception and the creation of digital imagery that is at once natural and artificial. The works reference artists such as Hieronymus Bosch and Matthias Grünewald and Ruff's own formative adolescent experiences in the Black Forest.[34]
The highest price reached by one of his photographs was when Jpeg pt01 sold for £197,000 ($239,990) at Christie's London, on 8 March 2017.[35][36]
{{citation}}
Ruff's work is held in the following permanent public collection:
Czech tennis player Tereza MartincováMartincová at the 2022 French OpenCountry (sports) Czech RepublicResidencePrague, Czech RepublicBorn (1994-10-24) 24 October 1994 (age 29)PragueHeight1.77 m (5 ft 10 in)PlaysRight-handed (two-handed backhand)Prize moneyUS$ 2,307,052SinglesCareer record391–328 (54.4%)Career titles0 WTA, 4 ITFHighest rankingNo. 40 (14 February 2022)Current rankingNo. 116 (11 September 2023)Grand Slam singles resultsAustralia…
Artikel ini perlu dikembangkan dari artikel terkait di Wikipedia bahasa Inggris. (Oktober 2023) klik [tampil] untuk melihat petunjuk sebelum menerjemahkan. Lihat versi terjemahan mesin dari artikel bahasa Inggris. Terjemahan mesin Google adalah titik awal yang berguna untuk terjemahan, tapi penerjemah harus merevisi kesalahan yang diperlukan dan meyakinkan bahwa hasil terjemahan tersebut akurat, bukan hanya salin-tempel teks hasil terjemahan mesin ke dalam Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia. Jangan…
Quantum of SolacePoster film Quantum of SolaceSutradara Marc Forster Produser Michael G. Wilson Barbara Broccoli Ditulis oleh Paul Haggis Neal Purvis Robert Wade SkenarioPaul HaggisNeal PurvisRobert WadeBerdasarkanJames Bondoleh Ian FlemingPemeranDaniel CraigOlga KurylenkoMathieu AmalricGemma ArtertonJudi DenchJeffrey WrightGiancarlo GianniniPenata musikDavid ArnoldSinematograferRoberto SchaeferPenyuntingMatt ChesseRick PearsonPerusahaanproduksiEON ProductionsDistributorMetro-Goldwyn-Mayer…
Species of mammal L'Hoest's monkey[1] At the Bwindi Impenetrable Forest, Uganda Conservation status Vulnerable (IUCN 3.1)[2] Scientific classification Domain: Eukaryota Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Mammalia Order: Primates Suborder: Haplorhini Infraorder: Simiiformes Family: Cercopithecidae Genus: Allochrocebus Species: A. lhoesti Binomial name Allochrocebus lhoestiP. Sclater, 1899 Geographic distribution feeding, Bwindi Impenetrable Forest, Uganda Colchest…
هذه المقالة يتيمة إذ تصل إليها مقالات أخرى قليلة جدًا. فضلًا، ساعد بإضافة وصلة إليها في مقالات متعلقة بها. (أبريل 2019) لوسيا برلين معلومات شخصية اسم الولادة (بالإنجليزية: Brown) الميلاد 12 نوفمبر 1936[1] جونو، ألاسكا الوفاة 12 نوفمبر 2004 (68 سنة) [1] مارينا دل راي، كا…
In 1980 werd het 66ste Campeonato Mineiro gespeeld voor voetbalclubs uit de Braziliaanse staat Minas Gerais. De competitie werd gespeeld van 7 september tot 30 november en werd georganiseerd door de Federação Mineira de Futebol. Atlético werd kampioen Eerste fase Groep A Plaats Club Wed. W G V Saldo Ptn. 1. Atlético 6 5 0 1 17:3 10 2. Valeriodoce 6 3 2 1 5:4 8 3. Alfenense 6 2 3 1 6:5 7 4. Nacional AC 6 1 4 1 9:11 6 5. Caldense 6 1 3 2 3:4 5 6. Araxá 6 1 3 2 5:9 5 7. Nacional FC 6 0 1 5 4:1…
Voetbalbond Batavia en OmstrekenKota/KabupatenBatavia, Hindia BelandaFederasiNIVB, NIVU, ISNISBerdiri 20 Juli 1906 sebagai Bataviaasche Voetbal Bond (BVB) April 1912 sebagai West Java Voetbal Bond (WJVB) Agustus 1928 sebagai Voetbalbond Batavia en Omstreken (VBO) Dibubarkan1951, merger dengan Persija JakartaStadionLapangan BVCLigaKejuaraan Hindia Belanda Voetbalbond Batavia en Omstreken atau disingkat VBO, adalah federasi sepak bola kota Batavia, asosiasi sepak bola dari Hindia Belanda Nederland…
Artikel ini memberikan informasi dasar tentang topik kesehatan. Informasi dalam artikel ini hanya boleh digunakan hanya untuk penjelasan ilmiah, bukan untuk diagnosis diri dan tidak dapat menggantikan diagnosis medis. Perhatian: Informasi dalam artikel ini bukanlah resep atau nasihat medis. Wikipedia tidak memberikan konsultasi medis. Jika Anda perlu bantuan atau hendak berobat, berkonsultasilah dengan tenaga kesehatan profesional. 1513 Dokter Spesialis Kebidanan dan KandunganPekerjaanNama Dokte…
ソビエト連邦最高指導者ソビエト連邦の国章ミハイル・ゴルバチョフ庁舎 ソビエト連邦、モスクワ、カザコフ館創設1922年12月30日 (ソ連邦の建国)初代ウラジーミル・レーニン(人民委員会議議長)最後ミハイル・ゴルバチョフ(大統領)廃止1991年12月26日 (ソビエト連邦の崩壊)表話編歴 ソビエト連邦の指導者の一覧(ソビエトれんぽうのしどうしゃのいちらん)では、かつて存
Giải vô địch bóng đá trong nhà Đông Nam Á 2009Logo chính thứcChi tiết giải đấuNước chủ nhàViệt NamSố đội11Vị trí chung cuộcVô địch Thái Lan (lần thứ 6)Thống kê giải đấuSố trận đấu13Số bàn thắng124 (9,54 bàn/trận)Vua phá lưới Sayan Karmadi (10 bàn) Giải vô địch bóng đá trong nhà Đông Nam Á 2009 (AFF Futsal Championship 2009) là lần tổ chức thứ sáu …
1986 single by Madonna Papa Don't PreachSingle by Madonnafrom the album True Blue B-side Pretender Ain't No Big Deal Think of Me ReleasedJune 11, 1986RecordedMarch 2, 1986Genre Dance-pop post-disco Length4:29Label Sire Warner Bros. Songwriter(s) Brian Elliot Madonna Producer(s) Madonna Stephen Bray Madonna singles chronology Live to Tell (1986) Papa Don't Preach (1986) True Blue (1986) Music videoPapa Don't Preach on YouTube Papa Don't Preach is a song recorded by American singer-songwriter Mado…
Second-wave feminism, trans exclusionary Part of a series onRadical feminism Women's liberation movement People Wim Hora Adema Chude Pam Allen Ti-Grace Atkinson Kathleen Barry Rosalyn Baxandall Linda Bellos Julie Bindel Jenny Brown Judith Brown Susan Brownmiller Phyllis Chesler D. A. Clarke Nikki Craft Kimberle Crenshaw Mary Daly Christine Delphy Gail Dines Andrea Dworkin Melissa Farley Shulamith Firestone Marilyn French Marilyn Frye Germaine Greer Carol Hanisch Merle Hoffman bell hooks Sheila J…
This biography of a living person needs additional citations for verification. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately from the article and its talk page, especially if potentially libelous.Find sources: Chris Webber – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (August 2023) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) American basketball pla…
Village in Sipaliwini District, SurinameKajanaVillageSchool in KajanaKajanaLocation in SurinameCoordinates: 3°54′2″N 55°34′21″W / 3.90056°N 55.57250°W / 3.90056; -55.57250Country SurinameDistrictSipaliwini DistrictResort (municipality)Boven SurinamePopulation[1] • Total~200Sources: HERE Maps[2] Kajana (also spelled Cajana and Kayana) is a village in Sipaliwini District, Suriname. It lies on the Gaan-lio (Gran Rio), which together wi…
Canadian professional football team Ottawa RedblacksLe Rouge et Noir d'Ottawa Founded2014Based inOttawa, Ontario, CanadaHome fieldTD PlaceHead coachBob DyceGeneral managerShawn BurkeOwner(s)Ottawa Sports and Entertainment GroupLeagueCanadian Football LeagueDivisionEast DivisionColoursRed, black, white[1][2][3] Mascot(s)Big Joe/Grand JosGrey Cup win(s)1 (2016)Websiteottawaredblacks.com Current uniform 2023 Ottawa Redblacks season The Ottawa Redblac…
Cet article est une ébauche concernant l’anatomie. Vous pouvez partager vos connaissances en l’améliorant (comment ?) selon les recommandations des projets correspondants. Muscle grand rhomboïdeMuscle grand rhomboïde représenté en rougeNerf nerf scapulaire dorsalActions Retraction of the pectoral girdle (d), rotation interne des épaules (d)Antagoniste muscle dentelé antérieurIdentifiantsNom latin musculus rhomboideus majorTA98 A04.3.01.007TA2 2232FMA 13379modifier - modifier le…
American blogger and political economist For the planet in Doctor Who, see The Armageddon Factor. Duncan Bowen BlackBlack in 2006Born (1972-02-18) February 18, 1972 (age 51)Australia[1]NationalityAmericanEducationIndiana University of Pennsylvania (BA)Brown University (PhD)Known forEschaton weblogCall signAtriosWebsiteeschatonblog.com Duncan Bowen Black (born February 18, 1972), better known by his pseudonym Atrios /ˈeɪtri.oʊs/, is an Australian-American liberal blogger livi…
1968 film by Roger Vadim This article is about the 1968 film. For other uses, see Barbarella. BarbarellaTheatrical release poster by Robert McGinnis[1]Directed byRoger VadimScreenplay by Terry Southern Roger Vadim Claude Brulé Vittorio Bonicelli Clement Biddle Wood Brian Degas Tudor Gates Jean-Claude Forest Based onBarbarellaby Jean-Claude ForestProduced byDino De LaurentiisStarring Jane Fonda John Phillip Law Marcel Marceau David Hemmings Ugo Tognazzi CinematographyClaude RenoirEdited …
Television channel Television channel RIK 1CountryCyprusBroadcast areaCyprusHeadquartersAglandjia, Nicosia, CyprusProgrammingLanguage(s)GreekOwnershipOwnerCyprus Broadcasting CorporationSister channelsRIK 2HistoryLaunched1 October 1957 (CBS) 1 January 1959 (CyBC TV) 21 March 1992 (CyBC One)Former namesCBSLinksWebsitewww.cybc.com.cyAvailabilityStreaming mediaRIKRIK 1 Live RIK 1 (Greek: ΡΙΚ 1) is a Cypriot television channel owned and operated by Cyprus Broadcasting Corporation. It was launched…
ChristusYearca. 1960 (1960)MediumMarbleDimensions174 cm × 85 cm × 30 cm (68.4 in × 33.6 in × 12 in)LocationIndianapolis, United StatesCoordinates39°55′48″N 86°3′45″W / 39.93000°N 86.06250°W / 39.93000; -86.06250OwnerOaklawn Memorial Gardens Christus is a public artwork by an unknown artist located in Oaklawn Memorial Gardens in Indianapolis, Indiana in the United States. Description…
Lokasi Pengunjung: 3.138.34.89