The church is mentioned in the Domesday Book of 1086[1] and is believed to date back to the Saxon times. The main body of the present building (at least the third on the site) dates from the end of the reign of Edward III (1377) to that of Henry VII (1485–1509). The nave was finished before 1475 and it is notable for its uniformity of gothic perpendicular style.[4] It is likely that the south aisle wall was the first part of the building to be constructed in the early 1380s, with the remainder of the nave and transepts being from the early 15th century.[5] The tower was completed in the reign of Henry VIII.[6]
The church was owned by Lenton Priory from 1108 to 1538[7] and the monks took the living of the church as Rector, and appointed a Vicar to perform the daily offices.
In 1513, a school was founded in the church by Dame Agnes Mellers as The Free School of the Town of Nottingham.[8] This is now Nottingham High School. In the Foundation Deed, Mellers provided that a Commemoration Service should be held in the church "on the Feast of The Translation of St Richard of Chichester". With the exception of the Goose Fair, it is the most ancient ceremonial event still perpetuated in the City of Nottingham.[9]
George Fox founder of the Religious Society of Friends, commonly known as the Quakers or Friends, was imprisoned in Nottingham in 1649 after interrupting the preacher at St Mary's.
Nottingham Bluecoat School was founded in 1706, and the first lessons were taught in the porch of the church.
For several years from 1716, the church was used to house the town fire engine. It was kept at the west end, and was still there until at least 1770.[10]
St Mary's opened a workhouse in 1726 at the south end of Mansfield Road and ran it until 1834 when responsibility for workhouses was transferred from parishes to secular Boards of Guardians. The workhouse was demolished in 1895 to clear part of the site needed for the construction of the Nottingham Victoria railway station.[11]
St Mary's pioneered Sunday School education for those children unable to attend a day school. Pupils were taught reading, writing and arithmetic, as well as religious knowledge. The first Sunday School was opened in 1751, 35 years before the generally acknowledged first Sunday School was founded in Gloucester by Robert Raikes.[13][14]
1844–1848: Five-year restoration of roofs and west front returned to gothic style by George Gilbert Scott (church closed) at a cost of £9,000 (equivalent to £1,141,390 in 2023),[18]
1935: Tower ringing room floor concreted and new bell frame
1940: The Simpson memorial choir vestry added.
1992–93: Exterior fabric restored and cleaned.
2008: New kitchens and toilet facilities.
2013: Removal of the wooden flooring platforms, installation of underfloor heating and new stone floor.
2024: Repair of the South Transept, installation of a servery and new west porch.
Chantry door
The chantry door is considered to be the oldest surviving door in Nottingham, dating from the 1370s or 1380s. it contains an example of iron work from the medieval period in the locking mechanism.[21]
The chantry room has latterly been used as a bonehouse, a coal store, and a chair store. It now contains a toilet for wheelchair users.
The survival of the door is likely to be due to the fact that it has not been heavily used, and is internal within the church.
The bronze doors were designed in 1904 by Henry Wilson in memory of his father-in-law, Rev. Francis Morse.
The intention of the design of the doors is to illustrate the Life of Our Lord in its relation with the Holy Mother to whom the church is dedicated and by the general treatment to suggest the idea of pity.
In the tympanum enclosed within a vesica the Holy Mother supports and cherishes the body of Christ, while in the spandrels, on either side, the gates of Death and Life are suggested: the Dove, typifying the spirit, enters weary into the one and issues strong-winged from the other, thus symbolising the unending round of Death and Life.
The dedicatory inscription "In loving memory of Francis Morse, 1818–1886, Father, Pastor, Friend" in the form of a pierced cresting, divides the tympanum from the doors themselves. These are formed into panels by mouldings of beaten bronze, with angel bosses at the intersections.
On each leaf of the door are five panels, in relief, illustrating the Life of Our Lord, the subjects on the left leaf being "The Annunciation", with Gabriel appearing at the Virgin's window in the early morning; "The Visitation", with the Virgin running to meet her kinswoman. Below these come "The Nativity", followed by "The Epiphany", and the lowest panel shows the Salvator Mundi on a Cross of branching vine. At the foot of the Cross stand Adam and Eve, conscious of the fall, while the doves of peace and pardon hover overhead.
The subjects of the panels on the right door of the leaf are "The flight into Egypt"; "The Baptism in the Jordan"; "The entry into Jerusalem"; The three Maries at the Sepulchre"; and "The Resurrection". In this panel the Saviour is shown emerging from the tomb and while still bound with the grave clothes, the Spirit of Life, in the form of a Dove, flies to His breast, and overhead the birds sing at the coming of a new Dawn.
100 feet (30 m) from north to south (across the transepts)
while the tower stands 126 feet (38 m) above ground level.
The church has a wide ministry to many different groups. It is the Civic Church to the City of Nottingham. In the past, the election of the town mayor took place in the church.
It is the University Church for the University of Nottingham[43] and several schools and organisations hold annual services here.
In recent years, in addition to its function as a place of worship, St Mary's is the venue for a wide range of concerts and public performances.
Historically, the assistant curate at St Mary's takes the ancient title 'Lecturer'. This title, which fell into disuse in the 17th century, was revived for Rev. John Pennington on his appointment in 1975. The current holder of this post is The Rev'd Philippa Scott, since 2024.
St Mary's sometimes retains the historic practice of celebrating the Eucharist at a High Altar Ad orientem with priest and people facing eastwards, rather than the contemporary practice of Versus populum having the priest facing the congregation.
Interior view looking west from the sanctuary
Interior view looking north east from the south porch
Interior view looking south east from the north aisle with the organ by Marcussen & Søn
Vicarage
The vicarage of St Mary's was formerly at Washington House on High Pavement, but with the increasing industrialisation of the Lace Market at the end of the 19th century, the church purchased a new residence opposite the castle gatehouse. This was used as St Mary's Vicarage until Canon Eddie Neale retired in 2003.[44]
TrebleEijsbouts Astensis me fecit Anno MCMLXXX. The Society of Sherwood Youths gave me. "Their sound is gone forth unto all lands". Canon M.J. Jackson, Vicar, S. Yarnell and E. Mottram, Churchwardens. (E) Eayre and Smith.
2ndEijsbouts Astensis me fecit Anno MCMLXXX. The Parochial Church Council gave me. "God is gone up with a merry noise". Canon M.J. Jackson, Vicar, S. Yarnell and E. Mottram, Churchwardens. (E) Eayre and Smith.
3rd C. & G. Mears, Founders, London, Recast 1856. J.W. Brooks, Vicar. W. Dearden, J. Coope, Churchwardens. Recast Gillett & Johnston, Croydon, 1935.
4th Raised by Scrope Beardsmore, Vicar DD. Richd Lambert and John Wyer, Churchwardens. The Hon'able Wm. Howe & John Plumtree Esqrs – Members for the Town Subscription, 1761. Lester & Pack Fecit. Recast, Gillett & Johnston, Croydon, 1935.
5th By Subscription. Revd. Scrope Beardsmore DD. Vicar. G. Browne, H. Ward, J. Burgess Ch. Wardens. 1765. Sodales Musici Nottinghamiensis Restaureverunt. Lester & Pack of London Fecit. Recast Gillett & Johnston, Croydon, 1935.
6th By Subscription Revd. Scrope Beardsmore DD. Vicar. G. Browne, H. Ward, J. Burgess Ch. Wardens. 1765. Intactum Sileo Percute, Dulce Cano. Lester & Pack of London Fecit. Recast Gillett & Johnston, Croydon, 1935.
7thSustio Voce Pios Tu Iesu Dirige Mentes Venite Exvitimus. (I. Edwards, I. Sweetaple. Churchwardens 1699. Recast Gillett & Johnston, Croydon, 1935.
9thHee Campana Sacra Filet Trinitate Beata. W. Sturrup, T. Graye. Wardens. 1690. Recast Gillett & Johnston, Croydon, 1935.
10th In noe ihu xpi ome genu fleetat celestm trestriu et infroru. R.A.V. M.G. 1605. W.L. Recast Gillett & Johnston, Croydon, 1935.
11thTu Tuba Sic Sonitu Domini Conduco cohortes. Richard Hunte Major, Nicholas Sherwyn, Richard Iohnson, Iohn Gregorie, Robert Alvie, Peter Clarke, Humfrey Bonner, Richard Morehaghe, Anker Jackson, Aldermen, 1595. Also four impressions of the coat of arms of Elizabeth I alternating with four signs of the Henry Oldfield foundry.
Tenor Revd. Scrope Beardsmore DD. Vicar. G. Browne, H. Ward, I. Burgess, Ch. Wardens. 1765. I will sound and resound unto thy people, O Lord, With my sweet voice, and call them to thy word, I tole the tune that douleful is to such as live amiss, But sweet my sound seems unto them who hope for joyful Bliss. Lester & Pack of London Fecit. Recast Gillett & Johnston, Croydon, 1935.
The first record of a tower clock dates from 1707 when a clock was installed by Richard Roe of Epperstone. This was replaced in 1807 by a clock by Thomas Hardy of Nottingham. The 1707 clock was moved to Staunton church.[48]
The most recent tower clock which dates from 1936 was installed by George & Francis Cope. It was the first electric auto-wind clock by that firm.
In May 2022, the bell tower walls were identified as needing structural repair due to loads thrust upon the supporting timbers by the swinging action of the bells. No regular bellringing was possible until completion of work, anticipated to cost £165,000, has been finished.[49] In April 2023, the costs had risen to at least £185,000 with a time frame for completion of 20 weeks. The funding had been raised and the bells were expected to peal specially for the coronation of King Charles III, albeit with scaffolding supporting the masonry.[50]
Music
Choir
There are three choral services a week – Wednesday Evensong, Sunday Eucharist and Sunday Evensong. Under the leadership of John Keys, the Choir of St Mary's is highly regarded.[by whom?] Renowned[where?] for its versatility and wide repertoire it performs music from plainsong through to world premieres, performs regularly in concert on its own and with St Mary's resident orchestra, The Orchestra of the Restoration. Organ and Choral Scholarships[51] are available to students in full-time higher education.
Organ
The organ is by Marcussen & Søn of Denmark and is a fine example of a neo-classical style instrument. It was installed in 1973 by the organist of the time, David Butterworth. It has 25 speaking stops and is a small organ for a church of this size. Nevertheless, it is an instrument of the highest quality which adequately gives musical support to choir and congregation as well as serving as a solo instrument.[52][editorialising]
Organists
There are records of organs in the church in the late 16th and early 17th centuries, but no record of any of the organists from this period has been found.[53]
^Nottingham Date Book. John Frost Sutton. 1852. p.510
^Church of England in Notts & Derbys. 1911–1915, Parochial visitation of Edward Hoskyns Bishop of Southwell, Nottinghamshire Local Studies Library Ref. L21
^Deering, Charles (1751). Nottinghamia vetus et nova: or, An historical account of the ancient and present state of the Town of Nottingham. "A society of good and well meaning persons which meet every Wednesday and Sunday evenings in the vestry of St. Mary's, pay yearly 6l. 8s. for the instruction of sixteen more poor children; and about six are put to school by the charity of private persons."
^Colvin, Howard (1995). A Biographical Dictionary of British Architects 1600-1840 (3rd ed.). New Haven and London: Yale University Press. pp. 495–496. ISBN0300060912.
^Temple Moore, An Architect of the Late Gothic Revival. Geoffrey Brandwood, 1997. ISBN1-900289-03-2
^Jane Geddes, Medieval Decorative Ironwork in England. Reports of the Research Committee of the Society of Antiquaries of London. 1999. ISBN0-85431-273-0
^Train, K. S. S., 1953, Thoroton Society Record Series XV. List of the Clergy of Central Nottinghamshire.
^"Preferred". Bath Journal. England. 26 May 1806. Retrieved 8 September 2024 – via British Newspaper Archive.
^"Domestic News". Drakard’s Stamford News. England. 6 April 1810. Retrieved 8 September 2024 – via British Newspaper Archive.
^"Ecclesiastical Promotions". London Chronicle. England. 28 November 1817. Retrieved 8 September 2024 – via British Newspaper Archive.
^"University Intelligence". Pictorial Times. England. 2 December 1843. Retrieved 8 September 2024 – via British Newspaper Archive.
^"New Vicar of St Mary's". Nottingham Evening Post. England. 3 March 1913. Retrieved 8 September 2024 – via British Newspaper Archive.
^"New Nottingham Vicar". Derby Daily Telegraph. England. 12 July 1926. Retrieved 8 September 2024 – via British Newspaper Archive.
^"Vicar of Nottingham Inducted". Nottingham Journal. England. 10 April 1933. Retrieved 8 September 2024 – via British Newspaper Archive.
^"St Mary's New Vicar". Nottingham Journal. England. 9 October 1943. Retrieved 8 September 2024 – via British Newspaper Archive.
^"Induction of New Vicar of St Mary's". Nottingham Evening News. England. 25 September 1958. Retrieved 8 September 2024 – via British Newspaper Archive.
^Lawrence, David Herbert (1913). Sons and Lovers – via Wikisource. "They threaded through the throng of church-people. The organ was still sounding in St. Mary’s. Dark figures came through the lighted doors; people were coming down the steps. The large coloured windows glowed up in the night. The church was like a great lantern suspended".
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