South Wheatland Township is located in Macon County, Illinois, south of Decatur. As of the 2010 census, its population was 4,143 and it contained 1,861 housing units.[2] The South Wheatland Fire Protection District consists of 5 officers; 1 Chief, 1 Asst. Chief, 1 Captain, and 2 Lieutenants, and 14 Firefighters, as well as 3 members on the Board of Trustees.
South Wheatland Township is the location of the Sand Creek Conservation Area, a 755-acre (3 km2) natural area and park property of the Macon County Conservation District. According to the 2010 census, the township has a total area of 28.24 square miles (73.1 km2), of which 27.84 square miles (72.1 km2) (or 98.58%) is land and 0.39 square miles (1.0 km2) (or 1.38%) is water.[2]