Santa Elena Municipality is a municipality in the Mexicanstate of Yucatán containing (694.90 km2) of land and is located roughly 95 km south of the city of Mérida.[2]
History
The original location founded in this area was named Nohcacab and was inhabited during the Classic Maya period (600-1000 AD). At the conquest an encomienda, that is a tribute-paying small community with an ethnically mixed population which included Spanish people, criollos, mestizos and mulattos, was established.[4] In the early 1840s the explorer John Lloyd Stephens used this small community as a base from which he and his companions departed to explore the Puuc area: thanks to this fact we still have detailed accounts about the people of Nohcacab and their culture, as well as drawings showing how these visitors perceived the village at that time.[5]
Nohcacab was attacked, and even burned down, several times: the second burning in 1849, during the Caste War of Yucatán, which devastated the village forcing most of the Spanish and criollo population to emigrate into Merida.[6] It is very likely that around that time the village was officially renamed as Santa Elena.
In 1865, with the arrival of approximately 300 German colonists, who settled there to form the Villa Carlota farming colony under the initiative of Emperor Maximilian I of Mexico, the village began rebuilding.[7] Although this farming colony collapsed in 1867, several German families remained in the village.[8]
Governance
The municipal president is elected for a three-year term. The town council has four councilpersons, who serve as Secretary and councilors of public works, markets and cemeteries.[9]
The Municipal Council administers the business of the municipality. It is responsible for budgeting and expenditures and producing all required reports for all branches of the municipal administration. Annually it determines educational standards for schools.[9]
The Police Commissioners ensure public order and safety. They are tasked with enforcing regulations, distributing materials and administering rulings of general compliance issued by the council.[9]
Communities
The head of the municipality is Santa Elena, Yucatán. Besides the seat, the other populated areas of the municipality include Chac, Chetoliy, Chimay, Kabh, Ruinas de Uxmal, Sabac-há, Sacx-axal, Sankté, San Simón, Santa Ana, Uitz, and Yaxché. The largest populations are shown below:[2]
^ ab"Mexico In Figures:Sacalum, Yucatán". INEGI (in Spanish and English). Aguascalientes, México: Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (INEGI). Archived from the original on 6 May 2015. Retrieved 3 August 2015.
^Güemez Pineda, Arturo (1997): "The Rebellion of Nohcacab: Unpublished Preface to the Caste War", in: Saastun. Maya Culture Review, no. 2, pp. 51-79, here p. 54. See also: de Arrigunaga y Peón, Joaquín (1982): Demography and Parish Affairs in Yucatan, 1797-1891. Eugene: University of Oregon Anthropological Papers, pp. 254-255
^See Stephens, John Lloyd (1963), Incidents of Travel in Yucatan, vol. 1, pp. 202, 301
^Durán-Merk, Alma (2007): Identifying Villa Carlota: German Settlements in Yucatán, México, During the Second Mexican Empire, 1864-1867, Augsburg: Universität Augsburg
^Recent Findings about the Colonization Policy of the Second Mexican Empire, Paper presented at the 11th Deutschsprachige Mesoamerikanisten Tagung in Hildesheim, Germany (26-27th January, 2008). http://opus.bibliothek.uni-augsburg.de/volltexte/2008/1320/pdf/Duran_Merk_Selected_German_Migration.pdf. See also: Medina Un, Martha (2001): Migración alemana en Santa Elena, la antigua Nohcacab, in: Revista INA'J, no. 1, pp. 28-31
^ abc"Tekit". inafed (in Spanish). Mérida, Mexico: Enciclopedia de Los Municipios y Delegaciones de México. Retrieved 6 August 2015.
^"San Simón" (in Spanish). PueblosAmerica. 2005. Retrieved 6 August 2015.
^"Santa Elena" (in Spanish). PueblosAmerica. 2005. Retrieved 6 August 2015.
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