Smerch (Russian: Смерч) was a monitor built for the Imperial Russian Navy in the early 1860s. She was designed by the British shipbuilder Charles Mitchell and built in Saint Petersburg. The ship spent her entire career with the Baltic Fleet. She ran aground and sank shortly after she entered service in 1865. Smerch was refloated and repaired shortly afterwards. She became a training ship sometime after 1892 and was stricken from the Navy List in 1904. The ship was hulked five years later and renamed Blokshiv No. 2. She was in Finland when that country declared its independence in 1918, but was returned to the Soviets after the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk was signed. Blokshiv No. 1, as the ship was now known, was sunk by German artillery fire in 1941. She was salvaged the following year and remained in service until she was stricken in 1959 and subsequently broken up.
The Russian Admiralty Board had previously licensed the design of the Passaic class from the United States and wished to compare the John Ericsson-designed gun turrets of those ships with the turrets designed by the British inventor Captain Cowper Coles. The board therefore commissioned Mitchell to design a twin-turret monitor based on the Danish ironclad Rolf Krake and to build it in the shipyard that he had modernized for the board in Saint Petersburg, Russia.[1]
Smerch was 188 feet 8 inches (57.5 m) long at the waterline. She had a beam of 38 feet 2 inches (11.6 m) and a maximum draft of 12 feet (3.7 m). The ship was designed to displace 1,460 long tons (1,480 t), but turned out to be overweight and actually displaced 1,560 long tons (1,590 t). Smerch was fitted with a double bottom that could be flooded in combat to reduce her freeboard. Her crew numbered 11 officers and 122 enlisted men in 1867 and 12 officers and 143 crewmen in 1875.[2]
She had a freeboard of only 2–2.5 feet (0.6–0.8 m) and her deck was often awash in any sort of moderate sea. Smerch rolled heavily and was fitted with three telescoping iron pole masts, probably fore-and-aft rigged, that were used to steady the ship rather than for propulsion.[3]
The ship had two simple horizontal direct-acting steam engines, built by Maudslay, Sons and Field of London.[4] The engines had a bore of 36 inches (0.91 m) and a stroke of 18 inches (0.46 m) and each drove a single 7-foot-10-inch (2.39 m) propeller. Steam was provided by three rectangular fire-tube boilers at a pressure of 1.7 atm (172 kPa; 25 psi). The engines produced a total of 800 indicated horsepower (600 kW) which gave Smerch a maximum speed of about 8.3 knots (15.4 km/h; 9.6 mph) when she ran her sea trials from 12 to 17 June 1865. The ship also had a small donkey boiler for the small steam engine that powered the ventilation fans, the main water pump and rotated the aft turret. Another such engine probably rotated the forward turret. She carried 110 long tons (112 t) of coal which gave her a range of 600–800 nmi (1,100–1,500 km; 690–920 mi).[5]
Smerch was initially armed with four 60-pounder 7.72-inch (196 mm) smoothbore muzzle-loading guns, a pair in each turret. Various deckhouses and ventilation hatches prevented the turrets from firing directly forward or aft, so each turret could bear approximately 145° to each side, although this changed slightly over time as changes were made to the ship. In 1867 these were replaced by two Krupp 8-inch (200 mm) rifled breech-loading guns. Only one gun could fit in the turrets so the old gun ports were plated over and new ones cut in each turret. Three years later, the Krupp guns were replaced by Obukhov 9-inch (229 mm) rifled guns. They were replaced in their turn in 1876 by two longer, more powerful 9-inch Obukhov guns. The ship carried 120 rounds for each gun. A furnace for the molten iron required by Martin's incendiary shells was fitted between the turrets.[6]
Light guns for use against torpedo boats are not known to have been fitted aboard the ship before the 1870s when Smerch received four 4-pounder 3.4-inch (86 mm) guns, one 45-millimeter (1.8 in) Engström quick-firing (QF) gun, and a .65-inch (17 mm) Gatling gun. At some point the ship received four QF 37-millimeter (1.5 in) Hotchkiss revolving cannon. They were mounted on the turret tops and probably replaced the older 4-pounders.[6]
Smerch had a complete waterline belt of wrought iron that was 4.5 inches (114 mm) thick amidships and thinned to 4 inches (102 mm) at the ends of the ship. It was 7 feet (2 m) high and completely covered the hull to 4 feet 6 inches (1 m) below the waterline. The armor was backed by 8 inches of teak.[7] The circular turrets were protected by armor 4.5 inches thick and the area around the gun ports was reinforced by 1.5-inch (38 mm) plates to give a total thickness of 6 inches (152 mm). The walls of the ship's oval conning tower were also 4.5 inches thick.[4] Her deck was 1 inch (25 mm) thick.[8][9]
Smerch (Waterspout)[10] was ordered on 25 June 1863 and construction began on 13 August at the Admiralty Shipyard, Saint Petersburg, although the formal keel-laying was not until 1 December. She was launched on 23 June 1864 and completed in 1865 at the cost of 554,100 rubles. The ship spent her career with the Baltic Fleet. Smerch struck an uncharted rock off the Finnish coast on 4 August in shallow water and sank. Using pontoons, she was refloated on 1 September and repaired. Little is known of her service other than she was extensively refitted in 1882 and 1889 which included replacement of much of the plating of her hull bottom. The ship was reclassified as a coast-defense ironclad on 13 February 1892 and subsequently became a training ship.[11]
The ship was stricken from the Navy List on 20 February 1904 and turned over to the Port of Kronstadt for disposal. Smerch was renamed Blokshiv (Hulk) No. 2 on 27 October 1909 and converted into a mine storage hulk. She was abandoned in April 1918 as the Soviets abandoned Finland, but was returned to them the following month according to the terms of the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk. The hulk was renamed Blokshiv No. 3 in 1923 and later as Blokshiv No. 1 on 1 January 1932. She was sunk by German artillery on 7 October 1941 in Kronstadt harbor and was stricken on 6 March 1942. The hulk was salvaged in mid-1942 and reentered service on 8 December. She was renamed BSh-1 on 16 May 1949, stricken for the last time on 2 April 1959, and subsequently scrapped.[12]
Sniper rifle Blaser R93 LRS2 Blaser R93 LRS2 .308 WinchesterTypeSniper riflePlace of originGermanyService historyUsed bySee UsersProduction historyDesigned1993ManufacturerBlaserProduced1993–2017No. built200,000+VariantsBlaser LRT Blaser LRS 2Blaser Tactical 2SpecificationsMass.223 Rem., .308 Win., .300 Win Mag 5.4 kg (12 lb) (empty) .338 Lapua Mag. 5.8 kg (13 lb) (empty)Barrel length25 (.223 Rem, .308 Win, .300 Win Mag)[1] 26.3 (.338 Lapua)&…
Polisi Militer Kodam III SiliwangiAktif-NegaraIndonesiaCabangPolisi Militer Angkatan DaratTipe unitBadan Pelaksana KodamBagian dariTentara Nasional IndonesiaMarkasBandung, IndonesiaBaret BIRU TokohKomandanKolonel CPM Sigit Himawan SutantoWakil komandan- Polisi Militer Kodam III/Siliwangi atau (Pomdam III/Siliwangi) Yaitu mempunyai tugas pokok membina dan menyelenggarakan fungsi kepolisian militer dilingkungan dan bagi kepentingan Kodam III/Siliwangi baik dalam penegakan hukum, disiplin…
صمام ضوئي (بالإنجليزية: phototube) هي أنبوب مفرغ من الهواء وقد يملأ بغاز خامل، الأنبوب يشبه اللمبة وهي شديدة الحساسية للضوء في النطاقات : الأشعة فوق البنفسجية ، و الضوء المرئي و الأشعة تحت الحمراء القريبة من الضوء الأحمر في الطيف .[1] طريقة العمل تعمل الصمامات الضوئية طبقا ل
هذه المقالة يتيمة إذ تصل إليها مقالات أخرى قليلة جدًا. فضلًا، ساعد بإضافة وصلة إليها في مقالات متعلقة بها. (يوليو 2019) باتريس برون معلومات شخصية الميلاد 7 يوليو 1951 (72 سنة) كوبلنز مواطنة فرنسا الحياة العملية المهنة عالم آثار، وأستاذ جامعي، ومؤرخ اللغات الفرنس…
У Вікіпедії є статті про інші значення цього терміна: Привороття. село Привороття Вознесенська церкваВознесенська церква Країна Україна Область Хмельницька область Район Кам'янець-Подільський Рада Приворотська сільська рада Код КАТОТТГ UA68020210120018537 Основні дані Засно…
هذه المقالة يتيمة إذ تصل إليها مقالات أخرى قليلة جدًا. فضلًا، ساعد بإضافة وصلة إليها في مقالات متعلقة بها. (فبراير 2023) لمعانٍ أخرى، طالع فاون (توضيح). فاون معلومات شخصية المواقع الموقع الموقع الرسمي تعديل مصدري - تعديل فاون (بالإنجليزية: Faun) هي فرقة موسيقية أ
Esta página cita fontes, mas que não cobrem todo o conteúdo. Ajude a inserir referências. Conteúdo não verificável pode ser removido.—Encontre fontes: ABW • CAPES • Google (N • L • A) (Maio de 2015) Diplommatinidae Desenho da concha de um Opisthostoma goniostoma Classificação científica Reino: Animalia Filo: Mollusca Classe: Gastropoda Família: Diplommatinidae Diplommatinidae é uma família de pequenos caracóis terres…
Mapa del mundo que muestra los países por la tasa de fertilidad. Periodo 2005-2010. 7-8 hijos 6-7 hijos 5-6 hijos 4-5 hijos 3-4 hijos 2-3 hijos 1-2 hijos 0-1 hijos El control poblacional o control de la población es la práctica de reducir, mantener o increm…
Pour les articles homonymes, voir Marc-René d'Argenson. Marc-René de Voyer de Paulmy d'ArgensonMarquis de Voyer Portrait par Quentin de La Tour. Naissance 20 septembre 1722 Décès 18 septembre 1782 (à 59 ans) Origine Français Allégeance Royaume de France Grade Lieutenant général des armées du roi Autres fonctions Directeur général des harasGouverneur du château de Vincennes Lieutenant général en AlsaceGrand-bailli en TouraineCommandant militaire en Saintonge, Poitou et Aunis F…
Харіра Суп харіраТип СупПоходження АлжирВходить у національні кухні Марокканська кухняНеобхідні компоненти Борошно, помідори, сочевиця, цибуля, нут, рис, м'ясо, (курка, яловичина, баранина), оливкова олія Медіафайли у Вікісховищі Харі́ра (араб. الحريرة, аль-Шаріра, б
1987 single by The CockroachesShe's the OneSingle by The Cockroachesfrom the album The Cockroaches ReleasedJanuary 1987 (1987-01)Recorded1986StudioTrafalgar (Sydney)GenreNew waveLength2:33LabelRegular/MushroomSongwriter(s)John FieldProducer(s)Charles FisherThe Cockroaches singles chronology Wait Up (1986) She's the One (1987) Some Kind of Girl (1987) She's the One is a song by Australian pub rock band the Cockroaches. It was released in January 1987 as the second single from the band's…
Bessude BessùdeKomuneComune di BessudeLokasi Bessude di Provinsi SassariNegara ItaliaWilayah SardiniaProvinsiSassari (SS)Pemerintahan • Wali kotaRoberto MarrasLuas • Total26,79 km2 (10,34 sq mi)Ketinggian447 m (1,467 ft)Populasi (2016) • Total410[1]Zona waktuUTC+1 (CET) • Musim panas (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)Kode pos07040Kode area telepon079Situs webhttp://www.comune.bessude.ss.it Bessude (bahasa Sardinia: Bessù…
Mohammed el-Baradei (2008) Mohammed el-Baradei (arabisch محمد مصطفى البرادعي Muḥammad Muṣṭafā al-Barādaʿī; * 17. Juni 1942 in Kairo, Ägypten) ist ein ägyptischer Diplomat. Er war von 1997 bis zum 30. November 2009 Generaldirektor der Internationalen Atomenergieorganisation (IAEO) und erhielt zusammen mit dieser im Jahr 2005 den Friedensnobelpreis. Ende April 2012 gründete er eine eigene politische Partei namens „Verfassungspartei“.[1][2] Er f…
Simbol peringatan radiasi (trefoil). Tabel periodik dengan elemen berwarna menurut hidup paruh isotop yang paling stabil. Elemen stabil; Elemen radioaktif dengan isotop jangka panjang. Hidup paruh mereka lebih dari 4 juta tahun dan memiliki radiaktivitas yang sangat kecil; Elemen radioaktif yang memiliki bahaya kesehatan rendah. Isotop paling stabil memiliki hidup paruh antara 800 dan 34.000 tahun. Karena itu memiliki penerapan komersial; Elemen ra…
أسيتات الغلاتيرامر اعتبارات علاجية ASHPDrugs.com أفرودة الوضع القانوني إدارة الغذاء والدواء:وصلة فئة السلامة أثناء الحمل B (الولايات المتحدة) معرّفات CAS 147245-92-9 Y ك ع ت L03L03AX13 AX13 بوب كيم CID 3081884 ECHA InfoCard ID 100.248.824 درغ بنك DB05259 كيم سبايدر NA المكون الفريد 5M691HL4BO N ChEMBL CHEMBL1201507 N بي
Not to be confused with Nanette Fabray. American actress and singer Shelley FabaresFabares in 1991BornMichele Ann Marie Fabares (1944-01-19) January 19, 1944 (age 79)Santa Monica, California, U.S.Other namesShelly FabaresOccupationsActresssingerYears active1947–2006Spouses Lou Adler (m. 1964; div. 1980) Mike Farrell (m. 1984) RelativesNanette Fabray (aunt) Michele Ann Marie Shelley Fabares…
Indian film production company This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Illuminati Films – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (February 2012) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Illuminati FilmsTypePrivate Limited CompanyFounded2009FounderSaif Ali Khan Dinesh VijanHeadquartersMu…
نادي جو بابليك تأسس عام 1996 الملعب ملعب مارفين لي البلد ترينيداد وتوباغو الموقع الرسمي الموقع الرسمي تعديل مصدري - تعديل جو بابليك (بالإنجليزية: Joe Public) هو نادي كرة قدم من ترينيداد وتوباغو ويلعب في دوري المحترفين. يلقب النادي بـEastern Lions (إيسترن ليونز الأسود ال…
Type of constituency, as compared to functional constituency For Geographical constituency in Macao, see Directly elected member (Macau). Politics and government of Hong Kong Laws Basic Law Drafting Committee Consultative Committee Article 23 National security law Article 45 Article 46 Article 69 One country, two systems Sino–British Joint Declaration Criminal law Capital punishment in Hong Kong Criminal procedure Jury system Law enforcement in Hong Kong Human rights LGBT rights in Hong Kong I…
American actor (born 1968) Jim CaviezelCaviezel in 2013BornJames Patrick Caviezel Jr. (1968-09-26) September 26, 1968 (age 55)Mount Vernon, Washington, U.S.Alma materUniversity of WashingtonOccupationActorYears active1991–presentSpouse Kerri Browitt (m. 1996)Children3 James Patrick Caviezel Jr.[1] (/kəˈviːzəl/ kə-VEE-zəl; born September 26, 1968) is an American actor. He played Jesus in The Passion of the Christ (2004), Tim Ballard in…
Lokasi Pengunjung: 3.142.200.252