Royal Palace of Riofrío

Royal Palace of Riofrío
Royal Palace of Riofrío
Native name; Spanish: Palacio Real de Riofrío
Location	Navas de Riofrío, Spain
Built	1752-1759
Built for	Elisabeth Farnese, The Queen Dowager
Architect	Virgilio Rabaglio
Architectural style(s)	Italian baroque
Governing body	Patrimonio Nacional
Spanish Cultural Heritage
Official name	Palacio Real de Riofrío
Type	Non-movable
Criteria	Monument
Designated	1931
Reference no.	RI-51-0001065

The Royal Palace of Riofrío (Spanish: Palacio Real de Riofrío, pronounced [paˈlaθjo reˈal de ri.oˈfɾi.o]) is one of the residences of the Spanish royal family. It is under the management of Patrimonio Nacional, a government agency dedicated to the care and maintenance of properties owned by the Spanish state which the royal family uses. The building is set in a wooded deer-park in the municipality of San Ildefonso, in the province of Segovia, central Spain.

The palace is Italian style with a square floor plan and three stories high, designed by the Italian architect Virgilio Rabaglio in the image and likeness of the Royal Palace of Madrid. It is surrounded by an extensive forest of 625 hectares, where fallow deer and deer, among others, live. Used by the monarchs exclusively for hunting, it has only been inhabited as a habitual residence, on a temporary basis, by King Alfonso XII and, previously, by his father, Francisco de Asís, The King Consort.

History

Queen Elisabeth Farnese was widowed in 1746, her husband King Philip V being succeeded by Ferdinand VI, her step-son. As such, to ensure that Elisabeth would remain away from the court, King Ferdinand VI agreed to construct a palace at Riofrío for her own disposal. During the reign of her step-son, the queen resided at the Royal Palace of La Granja de San Ildefonso.

Built in an enclave of the town of San Ildefonso in Segovia, it is some 11 miles from the town that gives its name to the municipality. It is close to the towns of Navas de Riofrío and La Losa. The palace was designed in the Italian style, echoing Elisabeth's birth in the Duchy of Parma, northern Italy. It was designed with a central square and was given three stories high, designed by architect Virgilio Rabaglio, himself Swiss from Gandria near Lugano. Rabaglio was responsible for the exterior decoration Sexmini Pedro, making it one of the most influential Italian palaces of all time.^{[citation needed]} The palace is often likened to its counterpart, the Royal Palace of Madrid, official residence of the Spanish royal family.^{[citation needed]}

The dowager queen had wanted her son, then King Carlo VII of Naples to succeed the Spanish throne. However, before the works were completed, King Ferdinand VI died childless in August 1759 and was thus succeeded by King Carlo VII, who was recognised as King Carlos III of Spain. Elisabeth was created regent till her sons arrival in Spain and subsequently resided at the Royal Palace of Aranjuez, dying there in 1766 having never lived at Riofrío. Elisabeth had succeeded in placing four of her children on thrones and intended to give the property to her youngest son, Infante Luis, Count of Chinchón, however he did not use it.^{[citation needed]}

Having been abandoned, it was completed as a hunting lodge and was only used when royalty hunted in the nearby forests. Maria Josepha Amalia of Saxony resided there to avoid the courts disapproval of her childless marriage to King Ferdinand VII.^{[citation needed]} The palace was also used by King Francis, consort of Queen Isabel II to avoid his wife and used later still by King Alfonso XII, who resided there while mourning his beloved wife Queen Maria de las Mercedes. Points of interest within the palace include the patio addition, grand staircase, chapel along with its collection of paintings, tapestries and furniture. It is surrounded by a vast forest of 625 hectares, home to deer among other animals. Today Riofrío is the home of a museum dedicated to the history of hunting.