Ostritz

Ostritz
Ostritz
Town
	St. Marienthal Abbey
	Coat of arms
	Location of Ostritz within Görlitz district
	Ostritz Ostritz
	Coordinates: 51°0′53″N 14°55′56″E / 51.01472°N 14.93222°E
Country	Germany
State	Saxony
District	Görlitz
Government
• Mayor (2022–29)	Stephanie Rikl (Ind.)
Area
• Total	23.39 km2 (9.03 sq mi)
Elevation	207 m (679 ft)
Population (2022-12-31)
• Total	2,249
• Density	96/km2 (250/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+01:00 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+02:00 (CEST)
Postal codes	02899
Dialling codes	035823
Vehicle registration	GR, LÖB, NOL, NY, WSW, ZI
Website	www.ostritz.de

Ostritz (pronunciation^ⓘ, Upper Sorbian: Wostrowc, pronounced [ˈwɔstʁɔfts]) is a town in the district Görlitz, in Saxony, in eastern Germany. It is situated on the border with Poland, on the left bank of the Lusatian Neisse, 16 km south of Görlitz.

It is located next to the thirteenth century Cistercian nunnery, St. Marienthal Abbey,^[3] which is still functioning.

History

In 1230, the settlement was granted to the Dohna family by the Bohemian King. In 1234, Queen consort Kunigunde of Bohemia founded the first Cistercian abbey in Upper Lusatia in the settlement.^[4] In 1319, it passed to the Duchy of Jawor, the southwesternmost duchy of fragmented Piast-ruled Poland.^[5] Duke Henry I of Jawor granted a forest and a portion of the settlement's annual income to the monastery.^[5] In 1346, the settlement became again part of the Kingdom of Bohemia. In 1346, the abbey became the sole owner of the settlement, confirmed by King John of Bohemia.^[6] In 1357 it was granted town rights. In 1373, a town hall and defensive walls were built.^[7] The Lusatian League opposed the creation of a new rival centre, and sent an expedition which destroyed the town hall and town gates that same year.^[7] During the Hussite Wars, the town was burned down in 1427.^[8]

In 1469 the town passed to Hungary, and in 1490 it returned to the Czech Crown, then under the rule of Vladislaus II.^[9] From 1635, it was ruled by the Electors of Saxony.

It was the scene of a small battle in the Seven Years' War, described in a contemporary journal as follows: On 31st December 1756 a picket of Prince Heinrich's Regiment under the command of Major Heinrich von Blumenthal, which had been sent out from Zittau to Ostritz, was attacked by 500 Croats who, notwithstanding their numerical superiority were thoroughly beaten off. The Croats got right into the town and set fire to some houses, but the fires were put out. The most serious loss on the Prussian side was the brave Major von Blumenthal, who fell right at the beginning of the action.

During the Napoleonic Wars, the Polish VIII Corps of Prince Józef Poniatowski fought in the area in 1813,^[10] and from 17 August 1813 Prince Poniatowski stayed in the town.^[11]

In recent years, the town has become known for its efforts in recycling and ecological renewable energy.^[12]

Due to territorial changes after the Second World War its railway station lies in the Polish village of Krzewina. It is part of the Görlitz-Zittau train line.

The "Shield and Sword" festival (or "SS Festival" for short) was launched on 20 April 2018 commemorating Adolf Hitler's birthday and was opposed by the Ostritz Peace Festival established by local residents.^[13] In 2019, a court in Dresden imposed a ban on the sale or possession of alcohol at the Schild and Schwert Festival. Police confiscated thousands of litres of beer and local residents bought up the entire stock from the local supermarket.^[14]

Former community centre (Bürgerhaus) with statue
Town Hall

References

^ Gewählte Bürgermeisterinnen und Bürgermeister im Freistaat Sachsen, Stand: 17. Juli 2022, Statistisches Landesamt des Freistaates Sachsen.
^ "Einwohnerzahlen nach Gemeinden als Excel-Arbeitsmappe" (XLS) (in German). Statistisches Landesamt des Freistaates Sachsen. 2024.
^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 26 January 2011. Retrieved 15 February 2011.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
^ Vademecum historii Górnych Łużyc (in Polish). Południowo-Zachodnie Forum Samorządu Terytorialnego "Pogranicze". p. 50. ISBN 978-83-925200-4-7.
^ ^a ^b Rieck, Gisela (2014). "Herzog Heinrich von Jauer herrscht über die östliche Oberlausitz". Ora et labora (in German). No. 49. Ostritz: Freundeskreis der Abtei St. Marienthal. p. 17.
^ Dannenberg, Lars-Arne (2013). "Die Burggrafen von Dohna als Stifter der Abtei St. Marienthal in der Oberlausitz". Ora et labora (in German). No. 48. Ostritz: Freundeskreis der Abtei St. Marienthal. p. 17.
^ ^a ^b Vademecum historii Górnych Łużyc, p. 72
^ Vademecum historii Górnych Łużyc, p. 80
^ Köhler, Gustav (1846). Der Bund der Sechsstädte in der Ober-Lausitz: Eine Jubelschrift (in German). Görlitz: G. Heinze & Comp. p. 30.
^ Vademecum historii Górnych Łużyc, p. 174
^ Zakrzewski, Bogdan (1974). "Kapitan Aleksander Fredro na Śląsku i Łużycach". Śląski Kwartalnik Historyczny Sobótka (in Polish). XXIX (3). Wrocław: Zakład Narodowy im. Ossolińskich, Wydawnictwo Polskiej Akademii Nauk: 345.
^ Deilmann, Astrid (22 August 2005). "Ökologische Modellstadt Ostritz: Energie-Vorreiter am östlichen Rand der Republik" (in German). SolarServer. Retrieved 20 November 2018.
^ "Neo-Nazi 'SS Festival' on Hitler's birthday countered by peace rally". USA TODAY. Retrieved 20 April 2018.
^ Hill, Katie (25 June 2019). "German Village Hoards Beer To Leave Neo-Nazi Festival Dry". 10 Daily. Network Ten. Retrieved 25 June 2019.