Proposed clade of eukaryotic organisms
The Orthokaryotes (Cavalier-Smith 2017) are a proposed Eukaryote clade consisting of the Jakobea and the Neokaryotes .[ 1] Discicristata it forms a basal Eukaryote clade. They are characterized by stacked Golgi , orthogonal centrioles , and two opposite posterior ciliary roots.
Taxonomy
A proposed cladogram is[ 2] [ 3] [ 4] [ 5] [ 6] [ 7] [ 8] [ 9] [ 1]
References
^ a b Cavalier-Smith, Thomas (5 September 2017). "Kingdom Chromista and its eight phyla: a new synthesis emphasising periplastid protein targeting, cytoskeletal and periplastid evolution, and ancient divergences" . Protoplasma . 255 (1): 297– 357. doi :10.1007/s00709-017-1147-3 . ISSN 0033-183X . PMC 5756292 PMID 28875267 . ^ Zaremba-Niedzwiedzka, Katarzyna; Caceres, Eva F.; Saw, Jimmy H.; Bäckström, Disa; Juzokaite, Lina; Vancaester, Emmelien; Seitz, Kiley W.; Anantharaman, Karthik; Starnawski, Piotr (11 January 2017). "Asgard archaea illuminate the origin of eukaryotic cellular complexity" (PDF) . Nature . advance online publication (7637): 353– 358. Bibcode :2017Natur.541..353Z . doi :10.1038/nature21031 . ISSN 1476-4687 . OSTI 1580084 . PMID 28077874 . S2CID 4458094 . ^ Derelle, Romain; Torruella, Guifré; Klimeš, Vladimír; Brinkmann, Henner; Kim, Eunsoo; Vlček, Čestmír; Lang, B. Franz; Eliáš, Marek (17 February 2015). "Bacterial proteins pinpoint a single eukaryotic root" . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences . 112 (7): E693 – E699 . Bibcode :2015PNAS..112E.693D . doi :10.1073/pnas.1420657112 ISSN 0027-8424 . PMC 4343179 PMID 25646484 . ^ Cavalier-Smith, T.; Chao, E. E.; Snell, E. A.; Berney, C.; Fiore-Donno, A. M.; Lewis, R. (2014). "Multigene eukaryote phylogeny reveals the likely protozoan ancestors of opisthokonts (animals, fungi, choanozoans) and Amoebozoa" . Molecular Phylogenetics & Evolution . 81 : 71– 85. Bibcode :2014MolPE..81...71C . doi :10.1016/j.ympev.2014.08.012 PMID 25152275 . ^ Cavalier-Smith, Thomas (23 June 2010). "Kingdoms Protozoa and Chromista and the eozoan root of the eukaryotic tree" . Biology Letters . 6 (3): 342– 345. doi :10.1098/rsbl.2009.0948 . ISSN 1744-9561 . PMC 2880060 PMID 20031978 . ^ He, Ding; Fiz-Palacios, Omar; Fu, Cheng-Jie; Fehling, Johanna; Tsai, Chun-Chieh; Baldauf, Sandra L. (2014). "An Alternative Root for the Eukaryote Tree of Life" . Current Biology . 24 (4): 465– 470. Bibcode :2014CBio...24..465H . doi :10.1016/j.cub.2014.01.036 PMID 24508168 . ^ Cavelier Smith (2013). "Early evolution of eukaryote feeding modes, cell structural diversity, and classification of the protozoan phyla Loukozoa, Sulcozoa, and Choanozoa". European Journal of Protistology . 49 (2): 115– 178. doi :10.1016/j.ejop.2012.06.001 . PMID 23085100 . ^ Hug, Laura A.; Baker, Brett J.; Anantharaman, Karthik; Brown, Christopher T.; Probst, Alexander J.; Castelle, Cindy J.; Butterfield, Cristina N.; Hernsdorf, Alex W.; Amano, Yuki (11 April 2016). "A new view of the tree of life" . Nature Microbiology . 1 (5): 16048. doi :10.1038/nmicrobiol.2016.48 ISSN 2058-5276 . PMID 27572647 . ^ Cavalier-Smith, Thomas; Chao, Ema E.; Lewis, Rhodri (1 June 2016). "187-gene phylogeny of protozoan phylum Amoebozoa reveals a new class (Cutosea) of deep-branching, ultrastructurally unique, enveloped marine Lobosa and clarifies amoeba evolution" . Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution . 99 : 275– 296. Bibcode :2016MolPE..99..275C . doi :10.1016/j.ympev.2016.03.023 PMID 27001604 .
