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Oliní Group
Oliní Group
Stratigraphic range: Coniacian-Campanian; ~87–75 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
Type	Geological group
Sub-units	See text
Underlies	Córdoba Fm., La Tabla Fm.
Overlies	Güagüaquí Group; Loma Gorda Formation
Thickness	up to 287 m (942 ft)
Lithology
Primary	Radiolarite, siltstone, chert, mudstone
Other	Sandstone, limestone, conglomerate
Location
Coordinates	3°44′12.6″N 75°27′55.5″W / 3.736833°N 75.465417°W
Region	VMM, VSM; and Central, Eastern Ranges, Andes
Country	Colombia
Extent	~700 km (430 mi)
Type section
Named for	Quebrada Oliní
Named by	Peters
Location	Chaparral, Tolima
Year defined	1954
Coordinates	3°44′12.6″N 75°27′55.5″W / 3.736833°N 75.465417°W
Approximate paleocoordinates	1°30′N 54°30′W / 1.5°N 54.5°W
Region	Cundinamarca, Boyacá, Huila, Santander, Tolima
Country	Colombia
	; Paleogeography of Northern South America; 90 Ma, by Ron Blakey

The Oliní Group (Spanish: Grupo Oliní, K₃k₅o, K2ol, Kso) is a fossiliferous geological group of the VMM, VSM and the eastern flanks of the Central and western flanks of the Eastern Ranges of the Colombian Andes. The regional group stretches from north to south across approximately 700 kilometres (430 mi) and dates to the Late Cretaceous period; Coniacian, Santonian and Campanian epochs, and has a maximum thickness of 287 metres (942 ft). Fossils of Eonatator coellensis have been found in the unit, near Coello, Tolima.

Etymology

The group was named in 1954 by Peters, and redefined by De Porta in 1965.^[1] The group was named after Quebrada Oliní in Chaparral, Tolima.^[2]

Subdivisions

The Oliní Group is a geological group usually described as a whole due to the problematic lateral continuity,^[3] although in other cases the individual formations forming the group are used. Earlier names used were Lower Chert member, Upper Sandstone Member and Upper Chert member.^[4] According to Acosta and Ulloa (2002), the group is subdivided into, from bottom to top:

Lower Lydite Formation

Native name - Spanish: Formación Lidita Inferior (Ksli)^[5]
Definition - Cáceres and Etayo (1969)
Age - early Coniacian
Thickness - 150 metres (490 ft)
Lithologies - radiolarites (lydites), chert and siliceous siltstones
Fossil content - Globigerina cretacea, Inoceramus peruanus, Texanites aff. serratomarginatus^[5]
Depositional environment - anoxic pelagic^[6]

Claystone Level

Native name - Spanish: Nivel de Lutitas (Ksl, Ksom)^[5]
Definition - De Porta (1965)
Age - Santonian
Thickness - 100 metres (330 ft)
Lithologies - siltstones, calcareous and siliceous mica-bearing mudstones intercalated by thick banks of fine sandstones and sporadic shaly limestones
Fossil content - Bulimina compreza, Dentalina lorneiana, Haplophragmoides excavata, Anomalina redmondi,^[5] Dicarinella asymetrica, D. concavata, Rosita fornicata^[6]
Depositional environment - platform^[7]

Upper Lydite Formation

Native name - Spanish: Formación Lidita Superior (Ksls)^[8]
Definition - De Porta (1965)
Age - Campanian
Thickness - 100 to 114 metres (328 to 374 ft)^[9]
Lithologies - calcareous siltstones, chert, radiolarites and micritic limestones with thin beds of conglomerates
Fossil content - Wheelerella, Sporobulimina, Siphogenerinoides,^[5] Globirinelloides praeriehillensis, Rugoglobigerina sp., Globotruncana aff. insignis?, G. ?ventricosa^[6]
Depositional environment - outer platform^[7]

Paleontology

Fossils of the mosasaur Eonatator coellensis were found near Coello, Tolima in the Oliní Group.^[10]^[11]

Stratigraphy and depositional environment

The Oliní Group conformably^[12] overlies the Loma Gorda Formation of the Güagüaquí Group and is overlain by the Cimarrona Formation in the VMM, the Córdoba Formation in the Guaduas Syncline and the La Tabla Formation near Tocaima and in Huila and Tolima.^[8] The age has been estimated on the basis of ammonites to be ranging from Coniacian to Campanian. Stratigraphically, the lower part of the formation is time equivalent with the upper part of the Chipaque Formation and the Conejo Formation,^[13] while the upper portion correlates with the La Luna Formation and Guadalupe Group.^[14] The Oliní Group was deposited in a relative high sea level environment in an outer platform setting,^[15] following a sequence boundary, forming the base of the unit. The radiolarites of the Upper Lydite Formation represent a maximum flooding surface.^[16]

Outcrops

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Type locality of the Oliní Group in Tolima

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Northern- and southernmost outcrops of the Oliní Group

Type locality

The type locality of the Oliní Group is Quebrada Oliní in Chaparral, Tolima. The group is furthermore found over a large stretch in the eastern Central and western Eastern Ranges of Colombia, bordering the Magdalena River on both sides. The group crops out to the northwest of Vélez in the hanging wall of the El Minero Fault,^[17] around Caparrapí,^[18] in the footwall of the El Cámbulo Fault between Útica and Guaduas and in the Bituima Synclinal,^[19] where it is cross-cut by the Vianí Fault and occurs in the hanging wall of the Alto del Trigo Fault,^[20] in the heavily faulted banks of the Magdalena River surrounding Guataquí and northwest of Coello and in the Eastern Ranges cross-cut by the Sumapaz River northeast of Ricaurte,^[21] in the hangingwall of the Salcedo Fault to the west of Apulo,^[22] on both sides of the Cucuana River near Ortega,^[23] in both the hangingwall and footwall of the El Páramo Fault east and south of Carmen de Apicalá and in the hangingwall of the Prado Fault,^[24] the hangingwall of the Quinini Fault west and south of Icononzo,^[25] the footwall of the La Pava Fault east and southeast of Chaparral,^[26] in the footwall and hangingwall of the Altamizal Fault east of Dolores, east and west of the Prado Reservoir near Prado,^[27] in the footwall and hangingwall of the Chusma Fault, west of Aipe,^[28] east of Alpujarra,^[29] in the footwall of the Baché Fault in Palermo,^[30] offset by the Picarní and San Andrés Faults,^[31] north of Yaguará,^[32] east of La Plata, Huila,^[33] and the southernmost exposure is found in Naranjal, where the group is emplaced by the Altamira Fault.^[34]

Regional correlations

Cretaceous stratigraphy of the central Colombian Eastern Ranges
Age	VMM	Guaduas-Vélez		W Emerald Belt		Villeta anticlinal		Chiquinquirá- Arcabuco	Tunja- Duitama	Altiplano Cundiboyacense		El Cocuy
Maastrichtian	Umir	Córdoba		Seca		eroded		Guaduas				Colón-Mito Juan
Maastrichtian				Umir				Guadalupe
Campanian				Córdoba
Campanian				Oliní
Santonian	La Luna	Cimarrona - La Tabla										La Luna
Coniacian		Oliní				Villeta	Conejo		Chipaque
Coniacian		Güagüaquí	Loma Gorda	undefined			La Frontera
Turonian		Güagüaquí	Hondita	La Frontera	Otanche		La Frontera
Cenomanian	Simití	hiatus		La Corona			Simijaca					Capacho
Cenomanian				Pacho Fm.			Hiló - Pacho	Churuvita	Une			Aguardiente
Albian				Hiló			Hiló - Pacho	Chiquinquirá	Tibasosa	Une		Aguardiente
Albian	Tablazo			Tablazo			Capotes - La Palma - Simití	Simití		Une		Tibú-Mercedes
Aptian	Tablazo			Capotes			Socotá - El Peñón	Paja		Fómeque		Tibú-Mercedes
	Paja			Paja	El Peñón		Trincheras					Río Negro
						La Naveta
Barremian
Hauterivian					Muzo					Cáqueza	Las Juntas
Hauterivian	Rosablanca				Muzo			Ritoque			Las Juntas
Valanginian				Ritoque	Furatena	Útica - Murca		Rosablanca	hiatus		Macanal
Valanginian				Rosablanca	Furatena			Rosablanca			Macanal
Berriasian	Cumbre			Cumbre				Los Medios			Guavio
Berriasian	Tambor			Arcabuco				Cumbre			Guavio
Sources

References

^ Acosta & Ulloa, 2002, p.24
^ Quebrada Oliní, Chaparral
^ Guerrero et al., 2000, p.58
^ Reyes et al., 2006, p.65
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Acosta & Ulloa, 2002, p.25
^ ^a ^b ^c Acosta & Ulloa, 2001b, p.51
^ ^a ^b Acosta & Ulloa, 2001b, p.52
^ ^a ^b Acosta & Ulloa, 2002, p.27
^ Reyes et al., 2006, p.66
^ Eonatator coellensis at Fossilworks.org
^ Páramo Fonseca, 2013
^ Acosta & Ulloa, 2001a, p.60
^ Montoya & Reyes, 2005, p.34
^ Acosta & Ulloa, 2002, p.22
^ Acosta & Ulloa, 2001a, p.62
^ Villamil, 2012, p.205
^ Plancha 170, 2009
^ Plancha 189, 2005
^ Plancha 208, 1998
^ Plancha 227, 1998
^ Plancha 245, 1999
^ Plancha 246, 1998
^ Plancha 263, 2009
^ Plancha 264, 2002
^ Plancha 265, 2009
^ Plancha 282, 1993
^ Plancha 283, 1995
^ Plancha 302, 1993
^ Plancha 303, 2002
^ Plancha 323, 1998
^ Plancha 344, 1999
^ Plancha 345, 1999
^ Plancha 366, 1998
^ Plancha 389, 2003

Bibliography

Acosta, Jorge E.; Ulloa, Carlos E. (2002), Mapa geológico del Departamento de Cundinamarca 1:250,000 - Memoria Explicativa, INGEOMINAS, pp. 1–108
Acosta Garay, Jorge; Ulloa Melo, Carlos E. (2001a), Geología de la Plancha 208 Villeta - 1:100,000 (PDF), INGEOMINAS, pp. 1–84, retrieved 2017-03-16
Acosta Garay, Jorge; Ulloa Melo, Carlos E. (2001b), Geología de la Plancha 227 La Mesa - 1:100,000, INGEOMINAS, pp. 1–80
Guerrero, Javier; Sarmiento, Gustavo; Navarrete, Rosa (2000), "The Stratigraphy of the W Side of the Cretaceous Colombian Basin in the Upper Magdalena Valley. Reevaluation of Selected Areas and Type Localities Including Aipe, Guaduas, Ortega, and Piedras" (PDF), Geología Colombiana, 25: 45–110, retrieved 2018-05-29
Páramo Fonseca, María Euridice (2013), "Eonatator coellensis nov. sp. (Squamata: Mosasauridae), a new species from the Upper Cretaceous of Colombia" (PDF), Revista Académica Colombiana de Ciencias Naturales, XXXVII: 499–518, retrieved 2017-03-31
Reyes, Germán; Montoya, Diana; Terraza, Roberto; Fuquen, Jaime; Mayorga, Marcela; Gaona, Tatiana; Etayo, Fernando (2006), Geología del cinturón esmeraldífero occidental Planchas 169, 170, 189, 190 (PDF), INGEOMINAS, pp. 1−114, retrieved 2018-05-13
Villamil, Tomas (2012), Chronology Relative Sea Level History and a New Sequence Stratigraphic Model for Basinal Cretaceous Facies of Colombia, Society for Sedimentary Geology (SEPM), pp. 161–216

Maps

Acosta, Jorge; Ulloa, Carlos; García, Pilar; Solano, Orlando (1999), Mapa Geológico de Cundinamarca, INGEOMINAS, p. 1, retrieved 2017-09-21
Marquínez, Germán; Velandia, Francisco (2001), Mapa Geológico del Huila 1:300,000, INGEOMINAS, p. 1, retrieved 2017-09-21
Royero Gutiérrez, José María; Vargas Higuera, Rodrigo (1999), Mapa Geológico de Santander 1:300,000, INGEOMINAS, p. 1, retrieved 2017-09-21
Ulloa, Carlos E; Rodríguez, Erasmo (2009), Plancha 170 - Vélez - 1:100,000, INGEOMINAS, p. 1, retrieved 2017-06-06
Various, Authors (2005), Plancha 189 - La Palma - 1:300,000 (PDF), INGEOMINAS, p. 1, retrieved 2018-05-13
Ulloa, Carlos; Acosta, Jorge (1998), Plancha 208 - Villeta - 1:100,000, INGEOMINAS, p. 1, retrieved 2017-06-06
Ulloa, Carlos E; Rodríguez, Erasmo; Acosta, Jorge E. (1998), Plancha 227 - La Mesa - 1:100,000, INGEOMINAS, p. 1, retrieved 2017-06-06
Acosta, Jorge E.; Guatame, Rafael; Torres, Oscar; Solano, Frank (1999), Plancha 245 - Girardot - 1:100,000, INGEOMINAS, p. 1, retrieved 2017-06-06
Acosta, Jorge E.; Ulloa, Carlos E. (1998), Plancha 246 - Fusagasugá - 1:100,000, INGEOMINAS, p. 1, retrieved 2017-06-06
Nuñez, Alberto; Mosquera, Dario; Vesga, Carlos J. (2009), Plancha 263 - Ortega - 1:100,000, INGEOMINAS, p. 1, retrieved 2017-06-06
Calcedo, Juan Carlos; Terraza, Roberto (2000), Plancha 264 - Espinal - 1:100,000, INGEOMINAS, p. 1, retrieved 2017-06-06
Acosta, Jorge; Calcedo, Juan Carlos; Ulloa, Carlos (1999), Plancha 265 - Icononzo - 1:100,000, INGEOMINAS, p. 1, retrieved 2017-06-06
Carvajal, Cesar; Fuquen, Jaime; Gómez, Luis (1993), Plancha 282 - Chaparral - 1:100,000, INGEOMINAS, p. 1, retrieved 2017-06-06
Cossio, Ubaldo; Rodríguez, Gabriel; Rodríguez, Miguel (1995), Plancha 283 - Purificación - 1:100,000, INGEOMINAS, p. 1, retrieved 2017-06-06
Fuquen, Jaime; Rodríguez, Gabriel; Cossio, Ubaldo; Núñez, Alberto (1993), Plancha 302 - Aipe - 1:100,000, INGEOMINAS, p. 1, retrieved 2017-06-06
Acosta, Jorge; Caro, Pablo; Fuquen, Jaime; Osorno, José (2002), Plancha 303 - Colombia - 1:100,000, INGEOMINAS, p. 1
Ferreira, Paulina; Núñez, Alberto; Rodríguez, Miguel (1998), Plancha 323 - Neiva - 1:100,000, INGEOMINAS, p. 1, retrieved 2017-06-06
Marquínez, Germán; Morales, C.; Núñez, Alberto (1999), Plancha 344 - Tesalia - 1:100,000, INGEOMINAS, p. 1, retrieved 2017-06-06
Velandia, F.; Morales, C.J.; Caicedo, J.C.; Núñez, Alberto (1999), Plancha 345 - Campoalegre - 1:100,000, INGEOMINAS, p. 1, retrieved 2017-06-06
Rodríguez, Gabriel; Ferreira, Paulina; Velandia, Francisco; Núñez, Alberto (1998), Plancha 366 - Garzón - 1:100,000, INGEOMINAS, p. 1, retrieved 2017-06-06
Rodríguez, Gabriel; Zapata, Gilberto; Velázquez, M. (2003), Plancha 389 - Timaná - 1:100,000, INGEOMINAS, p. 1, retrieved 2017-06-06

External links

Gómez, J.; Montes, N.E.; Nivia, Á.; Diederix, H. (2015), Plancha 5-09 del Atlas Geológico de Colombia 2015 – escala 1:500,000, Servicio Geológico Colombiano, p. 1, retrieved 2017-03-16

[Acosta2002_p24-1] Acosta & Ulloa, 2002, p.24

[ChapOlini-2] Quebrada Oliní, Chaparral

[Guerrero2000_p58-3] Guerrero et al., 2000, p.58

[Reyes2006_p65-4] Reyes et al., 2006, p.65

[Acosta2002_p25-5] Acosta & Ulloa, 2002, p.25

[Acosta2001b_p51-6] Acosta & Ulloa, 2001b, p.51

[Acosta2001b_p52-7] Acosta & Ulloa, 2001b, p.52

[Acosta2002_p27-8] Acosta & Ulloa, 2002, p.27

[Reyes2006_p66-9] Reyes et al., 2006, p.66

[FWEonatator-10] Eonatator coellensis at Fossilworks.org

[Paramo2013-11] Páramo Fonseca, 2013

[Acosta2001a_p60-12] Acosta & Ulloa, 2001a, p.60

[Ingeominas_p34-13] Montoya & Reyes, 2005, p.34

[Acosta2002_p22-14] Acosta & Ulloa, 2002, p.22

[Acosta2001a_p62-15] Acosta & Ulloa, 2001a, p.62

[Villamil2012_p2015-16] Villamil, 2012, p.205

[Plancha170-17] Plancha 170, 2009

[Plancha189-18] Plancha 189, 2005

[Plancha208-19] Plancha 208, 1998

[Plancha227-20] Plancha 227, 1998

[Plancha245-21] Plancha 245, 1999

[Plancha246-22] Plancha 246, 1998

[Plancha263-23] Plancha 263, 2009

[Plancha264-24] Plancha 264, 2002

[Plancha265-25] Plancha 265, 2009

[Plancha282-26] Plancha 282, 1993

[Plancha283-27] Plancha 283, 1995

[Plancha302-28] Plancha 302, 1993

[Plancha303-29] Plancha 303, 2002

[Plancha323-30] Plancha 323, 1998

[Plancha344-31] Plancha 344, 1999

[Plancha345-32] Plancha 345, 1999

[Plancha366-33] Plancha 366, 1998

[Plancha389-34] Plancha 389, 2003

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PROFILPELAJAR.COM

Oliní Group

Etymology

Subdivisions

Lower Lydite Formation

Claystone Level

Upper Lydite Formation

Paleontology

Stratigraphy and depositional environment

Outcrops

Regional correlations

See also

References

Bibliography

Maps

External links

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