The Northern & Eastern Railway (N&ER) was an early British railway company, that planned to build a line from London to York. Its ambition was cut successively back, and it was only constructed from Stratford, east of London, to the towns of Bishop's Stortford and Hertford. It was always short of money, and it got access to London over the Eastern Counties Railway (ECR). It was built at the track gauge of 5 ft (1,524 mm), but it converted to standard gauge in 1844.
Its main line opened progressively between 1840 and 1842. It was worked by the neighbouring ECR, and it leased its network to that company in from the beginning of 1844 for 999 years. From that time it was a financial company only, it amalgamated with the ECR's successor, the Great Eastern Railway, in 1902.
When the Stockton and Darlington Railway was opened in 1825, great enthusiasm for railway transport was generated. A number of schemes were put forward for connecting London and York, and some of these were planned to pass through Cambridge. A canal engineer, Nicholas Wilcox Cundy, surveyed such a line, to be known as the Grand Northern & Eastern Railway, in 1834, and the following year another survey was made, by Joseph Gibbs, for another line from London through Cambridge to York. This scheme went to Parliament in the 1836 session as a proposed "Great Northern Railway" (nothing to do with the subsequent Great Northern Railway a decade later). The 1836 proposal was rejected by Parliament.[2]
An Act for making a Railway to form a Communication between London and Cambridge, with a view to its being extended hereafter to the Northern and Eastern Counties of England.
Meanwhile, a public meeting was held at Cambridge Town Hall on 23 January 1836, at which it was decided to support a route surveyed by James Walker. A bill for a Northern & Eastern Railway was prepared; it was to run from London to Cambridge, with a branch from a little south of Cambridge to Newmarket, Norwich and Great Yarmouth. The extension from Cambridge to Lincoln was not included, as the surveys had not been completed. The bill was passed as the Northern and Eastern Railway Act 1836 (6 & 7 Will. 4. c. ciii), but the route was cut back to run from London to Cambridge only; it received royal assent on 4 July 1836. Authorised share capital was £1,200,000.[2][3][4][5] Although the construction cost was large, the company was confident of a 16% return.[6]
The London terminus, and track gauge
The N&ER was to have its London terminus at Islington. The topography was such that this would have required tunnelling to reach it, and it was realised that this was an expensive proposition. An approach was made to the Commercial Railway (later the London and Blackwall Railway) with a view to using its final approach to London and Minories terminus. This was unsuccessful, so the ECR was contacted, with a view to using its Shoreditch terminus. This was agreed to, and Parliament ratified the arrangement, so the N&ER's planned line was rerouted south of Tottenham to join the ECR at Stratford. The rental for this arrangement was to be £7,000 a year, with an additional charge per passenger.[2][7][6] The ECR agreed to build a separate terminus at Shoreditch for the N&ER.[8]
When the ECR determined its track gauge of 5 ft (1,524 mm), the N&ER had to adopt the same gauge in order to use the approach tracks. The first section of the ECR was opened on 18 June 1839, from a temporary terminus at Mile End to another temporary terminus at Romford.[2]
Contract award, and a retrenchment of scope
At the end of 1837 a contract for construction of the line was awarded to David Macintosh. In March 1838 construction began, with Michael Borthwick as resident engineer. From the beginning, the N&ER was unable to raise the capital it needed for building its line. By May 1837 the contractor was in difficulties, and Robert Stephenson was appointed as engineer-in-chief, with Borthwick continuing as resident engineer. George Parker Bidder was appointed as the new contractor. Engineering contractors Grissell and Peto were approached late in 1837 about building the line as far as Bishop's Stortford. In March 1840 they started work between Stratford and Tottenham, and finally took over the work between Tottenham and Broxbourne from David McIntosh.
An Act to enable the Northern and Eastern Railway Company to abandon a Portion of the Line originally authorized to be made; and to alter and amend several of the Powers and Provisions of the Acts relating to the said Railway.
The N&ER company obtained a further act of Parliament, the Northern and Eastern Railway Act 1840 (3 & 4 Vict. c. lii), which received royal assent on 4 June 1840; the line beyond Bishop's Stortford to Cambridge was abandoned, and the share capital was reduced to £720,000.[5]
Opening
On 15 September 1840 the N&ER started operation between the ECR's Stratford station and Broxbourne, a distance of about 15 miles (24 km). At first this was a single track; it was doubled in 1841.[3] Trains ran through from Shoreditch, but the ECR insisted that Shoreditch to Stratford journeys were exclusive to them.[9]
The line was extended as far as Harlow on 9 August 1841; to Spelbrook (a temporary terminus) on 19 November 1841; and as far as Bishop's Stortford on 16 May 1842.[2][10][8]
A criticism of the route of the N&ER was that the line followed the valley of the River Lea, while nearly all of the settlements were on higher ground, and were some distance from their respective stations. Tottenham was used as the railhead for cattle being brought in to London; they were driven on foot from there to the city markets.[1] In the second half of 1842 a dividend of 2% was paid.[6]
In June 1841 royal assent was given to an act of Parliament, the Northern and Eastern Railway (Broxbourne, &c. Branch Line) Act 1841 (4 & 5 Vict. c. xlii) for a branch from Broxbourne to Hertford; it became the present-day Hertford East Branch Line. Work on the Hertford branch line began early in 1843, and it opened as a single track on 31 October 1843. It was doubled in October 1846 (after the lease by the ECR).[11]
Hockerill
The northernmost extent of the line was at Bishop's Stortford, opened before the end of 1843, when the N&ER ceased to control its own network. However a special arrangement was made to receive excursion trains at Hockerill, 1⁄2 mile (0.8 km) or so north of Bishop's Stortford station. The overbridge at that point today carries Hockerill Street, and Stortford was then a much smaller community; Hockerill was a distinct village. (The later Hockerill Halt station on the Dunmow branch was opened in 1910.) An advertisement in The Times in October 1843 read:
Newmarket Houghton Meeting—A special train, consisting of first-class carriages only, of the Northern and Eastern Railway, stopping only at Tottenham and Broxbourne, will leave the London Terminus, Shoreditch, for Hockerill, Bishop's Stortford, on Monday, 23d inst., at half-past-seven a.m., and return from Hockerill at half-past nine o'clock at night, thereby enabling persons attending Newmarket to see the whole of the races and return to London the same evening. Ample accommodation may be had at Hockerill should parties prefer to send their private horses and carriages the day before to wait the arrival of the trains. Horse and carriages can be taken on at the Tottenham station, thereby avoiding passing through the city. Previous notice should be given by parties taking their own horses and carriages, to prevent the possibility of disappointment. Extra post horses and carriages will be in attendance to convey persons forward, and may be ordered to be in readiness by sending a letter to Messrs. Edwards and Stokes of Hockerill. Places may be secured [to travel] by coaches meeting the train to Newmarket and back, at the Golden Cross, Charing-cross. Fares—Hockerill to Newmarket and back, inside £1 10s, outside £1 1s.[12]
These excursions were advertised to be run on 9 and 11 October 1843, and (after the lease of the N&ER to the ECR) on 15 and 28 October 1844.[13]
On 25 October 1843 an agreement facilitated by G. P. Bidder[14] was reached by the ECR and N&ER, and from 1 January 1844 the entire N&ER system was leased to the ECR for 999 years; the arrangement was formally ratified by the Northern and Eastern Railway Act 1844 (7 & 8 Vict. c. xx) in May 1844. The ECR was to pay the N&ER 5% annually on the £970,000 capital cost of building the line, and profits would be apportioned. The N&ER continued as a nominally independent company, receiving the lease charges but not operating any railway; eventually it merged into the Great Eastern Railway in 1902.[2]
Gauge change
At the same time as the discussion about the lease took place, the two companies agreed that their uncommon track gauge of 5 ft (1,524 mm) was a hindrance, and they decided to alter it to the British standard gauge of 4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm). The physical conversion was undertaken between 5 September and 7 October 1844; it was achieved without interruption to the running of trains, except on the Hertford branch.[2]
Engineering details
Whishaw reported that the rails are "of the double parallel form" (that is, not fish-bellied and broadly similar to modern bullhead rail) in lengths of 12 and 15 feet (3.7 and 4.6 m). "The upper and lower webs are not of similar section": Whishaw meant that the head and foot are not identical. The sleepers were of larch, 9 feet (2.7 m) in length, and 10 by 5 inches (25 by 13 cm) in cross section. The ballasting was of gravel, of at least 2 feet (0.6 m) in thickness throughout.[5]
From 1844
From the first day of 1844, the N&ER was simply a financial shell company, receiving lease charges from the ECR but not having any rail operations of its own. The N&ER network extended from Stratford to Bishop's Stortford and from Broxbourne to Hertford, and it became the stem of the important main line to Cambridge, which was built and owned north of Stortford by the ECR. The approach to London was later altered to run through Hackney Downs, but the Stratford to Copper Mill Junction (Tottenham Hale) section was retained, and became a key link for goods traffic approaching Temple Mills Yard.[1]
The ECR and certain other companies in the east of England amalgamated to form the Great Eastern Railway (GER) in 1862.[2] The GER adopted a policy of running frequent passenger services on the London suburban lines: in 1864 there were 29 departures per day for the N&ER line. Shoreditch station had been renamed Bishopsgate, but it was obviously inadequate for both main line traffic and N&ER line traffic, and the decision was taken to extend westwards: Liverpool Street station was opened in 1871, with a connection to the underground Metropolitan Railway opening in 1875.[1]
In 1872 a new shorter route towards Broxbourne was opened, from Bethnal Green, near Liverpool Street, via Hackney Downs to Copper Mill Junction, south of Tottenham Hale station. In time this became the dominant route from London. In 1891 the Churchbury loop was opened, from Bury Street Junction via Lower Edmonton to Cheshunt. The area was undeveloped and the sparse train service failed to encourage residential travel. It closed to ordinary passenger trains in 1909.[1]
The N&ER line never became the primary route from London to York (which was the Great Northern Railway's route via Peterborough and Newark), but from 1882 the GER participated with the GNR in a joint railway, the Great Northern and Great Eastern Joint Railway, which gave it access to Doncaster, and by means of running powers to York. A significant flow of coal ran south from Yorkshire to London over the N&ER's line, and for a while an express passenger train, the Cathedrals Express, ran over the route. The cathedrals alluded to were Ely, Peterborough and Lincoln, and the service ran from 1892 to 1918.[15]
The twentieth century
Passenger use of the line intensified in the 20th century, particularly for residential travel as people became accustomed to travelling longer distances in order to live in more rural surroundings. Cambridge too became increasingly significant as a regional centre, attracting express passenger trains over the route. Goods and mineral traffic too remained dominant, although declining steeply after 1955.
Organisationally the N&ER company was absorbed into the GER in 1902; the GER was a constituent of the new London and North Eastern Railway in 1923 (as part of the "grouping" of the railways) and in 1948 the LNER in turn was nationalised.[1][6]
The Churchbury Loop from Bury Street Junction, near Enfield, and Cheshunt, had been dormant so far as passenger use was concerned, since 1909. In 1960 it was electrified and reopened as part of a new electrified suburban network; the line was retitled the Southbury loop. At first six trains an hour were run, although this was later reduced. The new suburban electric trains ran as far as Bishop's Stortford and Hertford. For the time being the southern part of the N&ER route remained unelectrified, but electrification was provided from May 1969.[1][16]
The entire network remains in use at the present day. The dominant traffic is on the section between Copper Mill Junction and Bishop's Stortford, part of the route from London Liverpool Street station to Cambridge and Stansted Airport.[1]
Stations
Only stations marked in bold are still in existence.
Stratford; opened April 1842; combined with ECR station 1 April 1847;
Lea Bridge; opened 15 September 1840; also known as Lea Bridge Road; closed 8 July 1985; reopened 15 May 2016;[17]
Direct line via Hackney Downs (built 1872) converges
Tottenham; opened 15 September 1840; renamed Tottenham Hale after 1875;
Marsh Lane (or Marsh Lane Tottenham); opened 1842; closed after December 1842; reopened June 1843; renamed Park in 1852; renamed Northumberland Park 1923;
Edmonton; opened 15 September 1840; closed after December 1842; reopened June 1843; renamed Water Lane (Junction); later renamed Angel Road; closed 31 May 2019 and replaced by Meridan Water;
Hertford; opened 31 October 1843; relocated 27 February 1888; renamed Hertford East 1923; still open.[13]
Whishaw reported that "At Shoreditch this Company is accommodated with part of the Eastern Counties station. The intermediate stations already opened to the public are at the Lea Bridge Road, Tottenham, Edmonton, Enfield-Highway and Ponder’s End, Waltham Cross, and Broxbourne."[5] In fact the two parts of Stratford station were to the east of the point of junction; the present day platforms 1 and 2 are on the site of the original N&ER station. The station was approached by Station Road, connecting to Angel Lane. The present-day main entrance in Gibbins Road came much later.[1]
Locomotives
The company purchased 14 2-2-2 locomotives from four builders:
The locomotives were regauged to standard gauge in September and October 1844.[19]
Whishaw said that "The principal engine-station [depot] is near the Stratford junction."[5]
Carriages
Carriages were 20 feet (6.1 m) long and 7 feet (2.1 m) wide. They had six wheels and were first, second or third class with capacity for 24, 32 and 60 to 70 passengers respectively. They had footboards to allow passengers to board at locations with no or low platforms. The third class carriages were open to the elements.[10]
Whishaw had a comment about the carriages: "The carriages on this line present a novelty in being mounted on six instead of four wheels, except those of the Great Western and Blackwall lines. One of the advantages of this mode of construction is, that the carriages are less likely to run off the line, or to give way by reason of an axle breaking on the journey."
^ abcdefghijWhite, H.P. (1987). Thomas, David St John (ed.). A Regional History of the Railways of Great Britain — Volume 3: Greater London (3rd ed.). Dawlish: David & Charles.
^ abcdefghCecil J Allen, The Great Eastern Railway, Ian Allan, Shepperton, fifth edition 1968
^ abLake, G H (1945 reprinted 1999). The Railways of Tottenham. Teignmouth: Peter Kay. page 12. ISBN1 899890 26 2
^Wright, Neil R. (1982). Lincolnshire towns and industry, 1700-1914. History of Lincolnshire Committee for the Society for Lincolnshire History and Archaeology. ISBN0-902668-10-2.
^ abcdGordon, D I, A Regional History of the Railways of Great Britain — Volume 5: The Eastern Counties, David & Charles, Newton Abbot, 1977, ISBN0 7153 7431 1
^Bradley, Richard (July 2013). "The railway at Harlow and in the Stort Valley: an exploration of its earliest years - Part 2". Great Eastern Railway Society Journal. 155: 4.
^ abBradley, Richard (July 2013). "Significant events in the life of the Northern and Eastern Railway Part 2". Great Eastern Railway Society Journal. 155: 17.
^Bradley, Richard (July 2013). "The railway at Harlow and in the Stort Valley: an exploration of its earliest years Part 2". Great Eastern Railway Society Journal. 155: 4.
^ abBradley, Richard (April 2013). "The railway at Harlow and in the Stort Valley:an exploration of its earliest years Part 1". Great Eastern Railway Society Journal. 154: 4.
^Bradley, Richard (April 2013). "The railway at Harlow and in the Stort Valley: an exploration of its earliest years Part 1". Great Eastern Railway Society Journal. 154: 10.
^Advertisement in the Times Newspaper, 20 October 1843
^ abcM E Quick, Railway Passenger Stations in England Scotland and Wales—A Chronology, The Railway and Canal Historical Society, 2002
^Bradley, Richard (July 2013). "The railway at Harlow and in the Stort Valley: an exploration of its earliest years Part 2". Great Eastern Railway Society Journal. 155: 5.
^Goode, C.T. The Great Northern & Great Eastern Joint Railway, published by C T Goode, Anlaby, 1892, ISBN978-1-870313-06-3
^J C Gillham, The Age of the Electric Trains, Ian Allan Ltd, Shepperton, 1988, ISBN0 7110 1392 6
Bột Hải Định VươngHangul정왕Hanja定王Romaja quốc ngữJeong wangMcCune–ReischauerChŏng wangHán-ViệtĐịnh Vương Bột Hải Nghị Tông (trị vì 809 – 812) là vị quốc vương thứ 7 của vương quốc Bột Hải. Ông là đại vương tử của Bột Hải Khang Vương Đại Tung Lân. Ông có tên thật là Đại Nguyên Du (대원유, 大元瑜, Dae Won-yu). Thời Bột Hải Văn Vương Đại Nguyên Du sinh ra vào nửa sau thời kỳ cai...
Đường vào Khu kinh tế cửa khẩu Cha Lo Khu kinh tế cửa khẩu Cha Lo là một khu kinh tế cửa khẩu tại huyện Minh Hóa, tỉnh Quảng Bình. Khu kinh tế này được lập năm 2002, nằm quanh cửa khẩu quốc tế Cha Lo trên biên giới Việt Nam - Lào giữa hai tỉnh: Quảng Bình (Việt Nam) và Khăm Muộn (Lào). Phía Lào có khu kinh tế cửa khẩu Lằng Khằng (gắn với cửa khẩu Naphao) thuộc tỉnh Khăm Muộn. Khu kinh tế c
Este artículo o sección necesita referencias que aparezcan en una publicación acreditada.Este aviso fue puesto el 19 de noviembre de 2017. Sterno Latas de SternoSitio web http://www.sterno.com/[editar datos en Wikidata] El Sterno es una marca de alcohol desnaturalizado en venta enlatada principalmente para su uso en bufé. Tiene como denominación genérica en inglés canned heat (es decir calor enlatado), con combustible compuesto de etanol y alcohol gelatinoso. Fue creado en 19...
Het Chateau de la Roque Het Château de la Roque of Château de la Roque des Péagers is een kasteel gelegen in Meyrals in de Périgord Noir. De bouw ervan dateert uit de 11e eeuw, misschien zelfs eerder. Christophe de Beaumont, aartsbisschop van Parijs (1703-1781), telg uit de families Beynac en Beaumont, werd daar geboren en werd in 1754 door Lodewijk XV in ballingschap gestuurd na de veroordeling van Émile ou De l'Education van Jean-Jacques Rousseau, omdat de koning verzoening zocht in he...
Season of television series The Challenge: All StarsSeason 1Presented byT. J. LavinNo. of contestants22WinnerYes DuffyLocationAndes Mountains, Argentina Country of originUnited StatesNo. of episodes10 (including the Reunion special)ReleaseOriginal networkParamount+Original releaseApril 1 (2021-04-01) –June 3, 2021 (2021-06-03)Season chronologyNext →Season 2 The first season of The Challenge: All Stars premiered on Paramount+ on April 1, 2021. The season featured twenty...
Football club in Greater Manchester, England Football clubSalford CityFull nameSalford City Football ClubNickname(s)The AmmiesFounded1940; 83 years ago (1940) (as Salford Central)GroundMoor LaneCapacity5,106 (2,246 seated)[1]OwnerProject 92 LimitedHead CoachNeil Wood[2]LeagueEFL League Two2022–23EFL League Two, 7th of 24WebsiteClub website Home colours Away colours Third colours Current season Salford City Football Club is a professional football club in Sa...
لمعانٍ أخرى، طالع البيت الأعوج (توضيح). البيت المائل Crooked House غلاف الرواية من طبعة الأجيال معلومات الكتاب المؤلف أجاثا كريستي البلد المملكة المتحدة اللغة الإنجليزية الناشر شركة دود وميد تاريخ النشر 1949 النوع الأدبي رواية تحقيق التقديم عدد الصفحات 211 (النسخة الإنجليزية)
بحر الظلمات[1] والبحر المظلم[2] والبحر المحيط والبحر الأخضر وبحر الأقيانس (أو الأوقيانوس)، كلها أسماء المحيط الأطلسي باللغة العربية الفصحى. وقد أخبر عنه ابن خلدون في المقدمة وكذلك الشريف الإدريسي في كتابه نزهة المشتاق في اختراق الآفاق ومحمد بن عبد المنعم الحميري في ا
Indian painter and art educator (1901–1973) J. M. AhivasiBorn(1901-07-06)6 July 1901Mathura, Uttar PradeshDied29 December 1973(1973-12-29) (aged 72)NationalityIndianAlma materSir J. J. School of Art, MumbaiKnown forPainting Jagannath Murlidhar Ahivasi (6 July 1901 – 29 December 1973) was an Indian painter and art educator. He is well known for his paintings in the Indian style inspired by the techniques and style of the Indian miniature paintings.[1] J. M. Ahivasi w...
American baseball player (1856–1884) Baseball player John MorrisseyThird basemanBorn: (1856-12-30)December 30, 1856Janesville, WisconsinDied: April 29, 1884(1884-04-29) (aged 27)Janesville, WisconsinBatted: UnknownThrew: UnknownMLB debutMay 2, 1881, for the Buffalo BisonsLast MLB appearanceMay 14, 1881, for the Buffalo BisonsMLB statisticsGames12Hits10Average.213 Teams Buffalo Bisons (1881) John J. Morrissey (December 30, 1856 – April 29, 1884) was a...
Public-use airport in Enterprise, Alabama For similarly named airports, see Enterprise Municipal Airport (disambiguation). Enterprise Municipal AirportNAIP aerial image, June 2006IATA: ETSICAO: KEDNFAA LID: EDNSummaryAirport typePublicOwnerCity of Enterprise[1]ServesEnterprise, AlabamaElevation AMSL361 ft / 110 mCoordinates31°17′59″N 085°53′59″W / 31.29972°N 85.89972°W / 31.29972; -85.89972Websitewww.enterpriseal.gov/airportMapEDNLoca...
2009 science fiction film by Neill Blomkamp For other uses, see District 9 (disambiguation). Not to be confused with Section 9. District 9Theatrical release posterDirected byNeill BlomkampWritten by Neill Blomkamp Terri Tatchell Based onAlive in Joburg[a]by Neill BlomkampProduced by Peter Jackson Carolynne Cunningham Starring Sharlto Copley Jason Cope David James Vanessa Haywood Mandla Gaduka Kenneth Nkosi Eugene Khumbanyiwa Louis Minnaar William Allen Young CinematographyTrent Opaloc...
Chilean and American actor (born 1975) For people with a similar name, see Pedro Pascual (disambiguation). In this Spanish name, the first or paternal surname is Balmaceda and the second or maternal family name is Pascal. Pedro PascalPascal in July 2017BornJosé Pedro Balmaceda Pascal (1975-04-02) April 2, 1975 (age 48)Santiago, ChileOther namesPedro BalmacedaAlexander PascalEducationNew York University (BFA)OccupationActorYears active1996–presentRelativesLux Pascal (...
Monteripido AltarpieceArtistPeruginoYear1502Mediumoil on panelDimensions240 cm × 180 cm (94 in × 71 in)LocationGalleria Nazionale dell'Umbria, Perugia The Monteripido Altarpiece is a double-sided altarpiece by Perugino, completed in 1502 for San Francesco al Monte church in Monteripido near Perugia. It is now in the Galleria Nazionale dell'Umbria in Perugia. Recto Recto This side of the piece was produced as the background for an earlier wooden cruc...
German Waffen-SS commander, SS-Gruppenführer Lothar DebesBorn(1890-06-21)21 June 1890Died14 July 1960(1960-07-14) (aged 70)Allegiance Nazi GermanyService/branch Waffen-SSRankSS-GruppenführerCommands heldSS Division NordSS Division Frundsberg Lothar Debes (21 June 1890 – 14 July 1960) was a German SS leader during the Nazi era. He commanded the SS Division Nord and the SS Division Frundsberg during World War II. See also List SS-Gruppenführer Sources Mark C. Yerger, Waffen-SS Co...
Luciana Maria Dionizio Informações pessoais Nome completo Luciana Maria Dionizio Data de nascimento 24 de julho de 1987 (36 anos) Local de nascimento Belo Horizonte, Brasil Informações profissionais Posição Goleira Clubes profissionais Anos Clubes Jogos e gol(o)s Corinthians Atlético Mineiro Ferroviária Seleção nacional 2013- Brasil 37 (0) Medalhas Jogos Pan-Americanos Ouro Toronto 2015 Equipe Luciana Maria Dionizio (Belo Horizonte, 24 de julho de 1987) é uma futebolista ...
Burg Pidhirzi Schloss Burg Pidhirzi, Parkseite Schloss Burg Pidhirzi, Parkseite Alternativname(n) Підгорецький замок, Pidhorez'kyj samok, Zamek w Podhorcach Staat Ukraine Ort Pidhirzi Entstehungszeit 1635–1640 Burgentyp Spornburg, später festungs-artiger Schlossausbau (Palazzo in fortezza) Erhaltungszustand in Sanierung Ständische Stellung polnischer Adel Geographische Lage 49° 57′ N, 24° 59′ O49.94305555555624.983333333333Koordinaten: 49°&...
Jane PerlovMassachusetts Secretary of Public SafetyIn office1998–2001GovernorPaul CellucciJane M. SwiftPreceded byKathleen O'TooleSucceeded byJames Jajuga Personal detailsBorn1956Bayside, QueensOccupationLaw Enforcement Officer Jane Perlov is an American law enforcement official who served as Chief of the Raleigh, North Carolina Police Department from 2001 to 2007 and Massachusetts Secretary of Public Safety from 1998 to 2001. From 1981[1] to 1998 Perlov was a member of the New York...