Nina de Callias

Nina de Callias, 1873, by Édouard Manet

Anne-Marie Gaillard (12 July 1843 – 22 July 1884, in a clinic at Vanves), known as Nina de Villard de Callias, Nina de Callias or Nina de Villard, was a French composer,[1] pianist,[2] writer, and salon hostess.[3]

The daughter of a rich Lyon lawyer, after her marriage to Hector de Callias (comte de Callias, a writer and journalist on Le Figaro) she hosted one of the most prominent literary and artistic salons of Paris. She was married to de Callias from 1864 to 1868, and had a decade-long love affair (1867–1877) with Charles Cros, whom she inspired to paint Coffret de santal. She is also the Dame aux éventails by Édouard Manet.[4]

Guests who attended her salons included Hector Berlioz, Edgar Degas, Anatole France, Augusta Holmes, Stéphane Mallarme, Manet, Arthur Rimbaud, and Richard Wagner, among others. By 1869 she was hosting young poets in search of new forms of expression, known collectively as the Parnassians.[4]

She composed works for piano[5] and voice,[6] and contributed two poems to Le Parnasse contemporain (2nd volume): La Jalousie du jeune Dieu and Tristan & Iseult. The Franco-Prussian War forced her to flee with her mother to Geneva, where she adopted her mother's maiden name (Villard), and stayed three years before returning in 1873 to re-assume the dissolved artistic circles there. Back in France, she contributed to the collective anthology Dixains Réalistes and to the circle known as The Hydropaths, a group considered to be a vital link in the development of Symbolism.[4]

Her works include:

Piano

  • Fantaisie sur Rigoletto[7]
  • Nocturne[8]
  • Romance[7]
  • Souvenir de Vichy[7]
  • Valse Brillante[8]

Prose

  • Feuillets parisiens, 1885 (Gallica)
  • La Duchesse Diane, 1882
  • La Jalousie du jeune Dieu
  • Tristan & Iseult

Voice

  • "Paroles d'une Rose à un Rayon de Soleil"[9]

References

  1. ^ Cohen, Aaron I. (1987). International encyclopedia of women composers (Second edition, revised and enlarged ed.). New York. ISBN 0-9617485-2-4. OCLC 16714846.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  2. ^ Women Composers: A Biographical Handbook of Women's Work in Music. Chandler-Ebel. 1913.
  3. ^ Lloyd, Rosemary; Nelson, Brian (2000). Women Seeking Expression: France 1789-1914. Department of Romance Languages, Monash University. ISBN 978-0-7326-1419-5.
  4. ^ a b c "Musée d'Orsay: The Lady with Fans - Nina de Callias, Manet's model". www.musee-orsay.fr. Retrieved 2021-03-11.
  5. ^ Stern, Susan (1978). Women composers : a handbook. Metuchen, N.J.: Scarecrow Press. ISBN 0-8108-1138-3. OCLC 3844725.
  6. ^ Hixon, Donald L. (1993). Women in music : an encyclopedic biobibliography. Don A. Hennessee (2nd ed.). Metuchen, N.J.: Scarecrow Press. ISBN 0-8108-2769-7. OCLC 28889156.
  7. ^ a b c Sutton, Howard (1961). The Life and Work of Jean Richepin. Librairie Droz. ISBN 978-2-600-03458-6.
  8. ^ a b Laurence, Anya (1978). Women of notes : 1,000 women composers born before 1900 (1st ed.). New York: R. Rosen Press. ISBN 0823904636. OCLC 3844781.
  9. ^ "Paroles d'une rose à un rayon de soleil (Anonymous, set by (Anne-Marie, comtesse de Callias, née Gaillard, dite Nina de Villard)) (The LiederNet Archive: Texts and Translations to Lieder, mélodies, canzoni, and other classical vocal music)". www.lieder.net. Retrieved 2021-03-11.

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