Monthly Review

This article is about the American Marxist magazine. For the British periodical (1749–1845), see Monthly Review (London). For the Indonesian periodical (1954–1956), see Review of Indonesia. For the American periodical (1915), see Monthly Review (journal).
Monthly Review
EditorJohn Bellamy Foster
CategoriesCommunism, Marxism, socialism, political economy, economics, social science, philosophy
FrequencyMonthly (double issue July–August)
PublisherMonthly Review Foundation
Founded1949
CountryUnited States
Based inNew York City
LanguageEnglish
Websitemonthlyreview.org Edit this at Wikidata
ISSN0027-0520
OCLC241373379

The Monthly Review is an independent socialist magazine published monthly in New York City. Established in 1949, the publication is the longest continuously published socialist magazine in the United States.

History

Establishment

Following the failure of the independent 1948 presidential campaign of Henry A. Wallace, two former supporters of the Wallace effort met at the farm in New Hampshire where one of them was living. The two men were literary scholar and Christian socialist F.O. "Matty" Matthiessen and Marxist economist Paul Sweezy, who were former colleagues at Harvard University. Matthiessen came into an inheritance after his father died in an automobile accident in California and had no pressing need for the money. Matthiessen made the offer to Sweezy to underwrite "that magazine [Sweezy] and Leo Huberman were always talking about," committing the sum of $5,000 per year for three years. Matthiessen's funds made the launch of Monthly Review possible, although the amount of the seed money was reduced to $4,000 per year in the second and third years by the executors of Matthiessen's estate following his suicide in 1950.[1]

Although Matthiessen was the financial angel of the new publication, from the outset the editorial task was handled by Sweezy and his co-thinker, the left wing popular writer Leo Huberman. The author of an array of books and pamphlets during the 1930s and early 1940s, the New York University-educated Huberman worked full-time on Monthly Review from its establishment until his death of a heart attack in 1968.[2]

Sweezy and Huberman were complementary figures guiding the publication, with Sweezy's theoretical bent and writing ability put to use for a majority of the editorial content, while Huberman took charge of the business and administrative aspects of the enterprise. Sweezy remained at home in New Hampshire, traveling down to New York City once a month to read manuscripts, where Huberman conducted the day-to-day operations of the magazine along with his wife, Gerty Huberman, and family friend Sybil Huntington May.[3]

Briefly joining Sweezy and Huberman as a third founding editor of Monthly Review — although not listed as such on the publication's masthead — was German émigré Otto Nathan (1893–1987). Although his time of editorial association with the magazine was short, Nathan was instrumental in obtaining what would become a seminal essay for the magazine, a lead piece for the debut May 1949 issue by physicist Albert Einstein entitled "Why Socialism?"[4][5]

Another key contributor during the first 15 years of Monthly Review was economist Paul Baran, frequently considered as the third member of an editorial troika including Sweezy and Huberman. A tenured professor at Stanford University, Baran was one of a very few self-identified Marxists to teach economics at American universities during the Cold War period. Baran worked closely with Sweezy on a book regarded as a landmark in Marxist theory entitled Monopoly Capital, although he died of a heart attack prior to the work's first publication in 1966.[6]

Monthly Review launched in 1949 with a circulation of just 450 copies, most of whom were personal acquaintances of either Huberman or Sweezy.[7] The magazine's ideology and readership closely paralleled that of the independent socialist weekly newspaper The National Guardian, established in 1948. Despite a conservative political climate in the United States, the magazine quickly reached a critical mass of subscribers, with its paid circulation rising to 2,500 in 1950 and to 6,000 in 1954.[8]

McCarthy period

During the era of McCarthyism in the early 1950s, editors Paul Sweezy and Leo Huberman were targeted for "subversive activities". Sweezy's case, tried by New Hampshire Attorney General, reached the Supreme Court and became a seminal case on freedom of speech when the Court ruled in his favor.[9]

In 1953, the Monthly Review added veteran radical Scott Nearing to the magazine's ranks. From that date and for nearly 20 years Nearing authored a column descriptively entitled "World Events". During the Truman and Eisenhower years, many left-wing intellectuals found a space for their work in the magazine, including a number that would gain in stature in the ensuing liberalized decade, such as pacifist activist Staughton Lynd (1952), historian William Appleman Williams (1952), and sociologist C. Wright Mills (1958).[10]

New Left era and after

From the middle years of the 1960s, radical political theory saw a resurgence in association with the emergence of a New Left in Europe and North America. Monthly Review grew in stature in tandem with this resurgence.[11] While remaining an intellectual journal not oriented towards acquiring a mass readership, circulation of the publication nonetheless grew throughout this era, approaching 9,100 in 1970 before peaking at 11,500 in 1977.[12]

While Monthly Review remained essentially a publication with roots in the so-called "Old Left", it was not unsympathetic to the young radical movement which grew in conjunction with the Civil Rights Movement and the opposition to conscription and the Vietnam War. Among those associated with the 1960s New Left published by the Monthly Review were C. Wright Mills, Herbert Marcuse, Todd Gitlin, Carl Oglesby, David Horowitz, and Noam Chomsky.[12]

The Monthly Review editorial staff was joined in May 1969 by radical economist Harry Magdoff, replacing Leo Huberman, who had died in 1968. Magdoff, a reader of the publication from its first issue in 1949, bolstered the already well-developed "Third-Worldist" orientation of the publication, based upon revolutionary events in Cuba, China, and Vietnam. Certain Maoist influence made itself felt in the content of the publication in this period.[13]

Monthly Review became steadily more critical of the Soviet Union in the 1960s and 1970s, with editor Paul Sweezy objecting to the Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia in 1968 and the suppression of the Polish trade union "Solidarity" through martial law in 1981.[14] In the latter case, Sweezy declared the incident had proved beyond doubt that "the Communist regimes of the Soviet bloc have become the expression and the guardians of a new rigidified hierarchical structure which has nothing in common with the kind of socialist society Marxists have always regarded as the goal of modern working class movements."[15]

Despite an apparent decline of the American Left in the 1980s, Monthly Review's circulation hovered in the 8,000 range throughout the decade.[16]

Between 1997 and 2000, Monthly Review was co-edited by Ellen Meiksins Wood, Magdoff and Sweezy.

Publication today

Since 2006, John Bellamy Foster has been the publication's editor. Brett Clark is the associate editor, and the magazine also has one assistant editor and an editorial committee.[17]

Monthly Review continues to be published as a print magazine with 11 issues per year (one per month with July and August combined into a single, thematic issue). The print magazine primarily publishes original content, including full articles, book reviews, and poetry, with exceptions such as reprises or adaptations of previously published work identified as such. Everything published in the print journal since the launch of the magazine's web site is available for free access, while archives going back to the journal's inauguration in 1949 are available to subscribers. In addition to these articles, the website also hosts Monthly Review Press and MR Online.

Political orientation

This article is part of a series on
Socialism
in the United States
History
Utopian socialism

Progressive Era

Repression and persecution

Anti-war and civil rights movements

Contemporary

People
Active organizations
Inactive or defunct organizations
Literature
Related topics

From its first issue, Monthly Review attacked the premise that capitalism was capable of infinite growth through Keynesian macroeconomic fine-tuning. Instead, the magazine's editors and leading writers have remained true to the traditional Marxist perspective that capitalist economies contain internal contradictions which will ultimately lead to their collapse and reconstitution on a new socialist basis. Topics of editorial concern have included poverty, unequal distribution of incomes and wealth.

Although not averse to discussion of esoteric matters of socialist theory, Monthly Review was generally characterized by an aversion to doctrinaire citations of Marxist canon in favor of the analysis of real-world economic and historical trends. Readability was emphasized and the use of academic jargon discouraged.[16]

Editors Huberman and Sweezy argued as early as 1952 that massive and expanding military spending was an integral part of the process of capitalist stabilization, driving corporate profits, bolstering levels of employment, and absorbing surplus production. They argued the illusion of an external military threat was required to sustain this system of priorities in government spending; consequently, effort was made by the editors to challenge the dominant Cold War paradigm of "Democracy versus Communism" in the material published in the magazine.[18]

In its editorial line Monthly Review offered critical support of the Soviet Union during its early years although over time the magazine became increasingly critical of Soviet dedication to Socialism in one country and peaceful coexistence, seeing that country as playing a more or less conservative role in a world marked by national revolutionary movements. After the Sino-Soviet split of the 1960s, Sweezy and Huberman soon came to see the People's Republic of China as the actual center of the world revolutionary movement.[19]

Monthly Review never aligned with any specific revolutionary movement or political organization. Many of its articles have been written by academics, journalists, and freelance public intellectuals, including Albert Einstein, Tariq Ali, Isabel Allende, Samir Amin, Julian Bond, Marilyn Buck, G. D. H. Cole, Bernardine Dohrn, W. E. B. Du Bois, Barbara Ehrenreich, Andre Gunder Frank, Eduardo Galeano, Che Guevara, Lorraine Hansberry, Edward S. Herman, Eric Hobsbawm, Michael Klare, Saul Landau, Michael Parenti, Robert W. McChesney, Ralph Miliband, Marge Piercy, Frances Fox Piven, Adrienne Rich, Jean-Paul Sartre, Daniel Singer, E. P. Thompson, Immanuel Wallerstein, and Raymond Williams.[5]

In 2004, Monthly Review editor John Bellamy Foster told The New York Times: "The Monthly Review... was and is Marxist, but did not hew to the party line or get into sectarian struggles."[9]

MR Online

From 2005 to 2016, Monthly Review published an associated website, MRzine. At its closure, Monthly Review announced that it would maintain an online archive of the site.[20]

In 2017, MRzine was replaced by MR Online, which is described as "a forum for collaboration and communication between radical activists, writers, and scholars around the world." The site frequently republishes online articles from other sites identified at the start of the post, and followed by a disclaimer by the editors indicating that "Monthly Review does not necessarily adhere to all of the views conveyed in articles republished at MR Online. Our goal is to share a variety of left perspectives that we think our readers will find interesting or useful."[21]

Treatment of Uyghurs in China

In 2020, MR Online republished the outline of a report by the Qiao Collective, a "diaspora Chinese media collective challenging U.S. aggression on China," that disputed allegations of genocide and slavery in China's treatment of Uyghur Muslim minorities in Xinjiang and suggested that "the politicization of China’s anti-terrorism policies in Xinjiang is another front of the U.S.-led hybrid war on China".[22][23] In response, an organization named Critical China Scholars wrote an open letter to Monthly Review lamenting republication of the report on the Monthly Review web site. While the authors of the letter acknowledged that the "applicability of terms such as 'genocide' and 'slavery' can be debated," they nonetheless contended that criticizing Western media for "double standards" by pointing out the contrast between harsh condemnation of Chinese human-rights violations in comparative silence or apologies for European and US violations, as well as suggesting that Chinese abuses were less severe than those by Western governments, amount to " agnosticism, let alone denialism, towards what is clearly a shocking infringement on the rights of Xinjiang’s native peoples." After elaborating on these claims, the authors concluded their letter by expressing hopes that it too would be republished on MR Online, and directing readers to the Critical China Scholars web site.[24] The lead author of the letter was David Brophy, a historian of China at the University of Sydney. Darren Byler, one of the signatories, said he hoped the letter would make it "difficult for leftist 'scholar-activists' to continue to promote Xinjiang-related disinformation."[25][26]

Editors

Monthly Review Magazine has had six editors listed on its masthead:[5]

Harry Braverman became director of Monthly Review Press in 1967, and the present director of the Press is Michael D. Yates.

Non-English editions

In addition to the U.S.-based magazine, there are seven sister editions of Monthly Review. They are published in Greece; Turkey; Spain; South Korea; as well as separate English, Hindi, and Bengali editions in India.[27]

Monthly Review Press

Monthly Review Press, an allied endeavor, was launched in 1951 in response to the inability of the maverick left-wing journalist I. F. Stone to otherwise find a publisher for his book The Hidden History of the Korean War. Stone's work, which argued that the still ongoing Korean War was not a case of simple Communist military aggression but was rather the product of political isolation, South Korean military buildup, and border provocations, became the first title offered by the affiliated publisher in 1952.[28]

Harry Braverman (author of Labor and Monopoly Capital)[29] became director of Monthly Review Press in 1967. The present director of the Press is Michael D. Yates (author of Naming the System).[30] Monthly Review Press is also the U.S. publisher of The Socialist Register,[31] an annual British publication since 1964, which contains topical essays written by radical academics and activists as was coedited in part by the late Leo Panitch.

Titles published by the press in its formative years include We, the People: The Drama of America by Leo Huberman (1932), The Empire of Oil by Harvey O'Connor (1955), The Political Economy of Growth[32] by Paul Baran (1957), Consciencism: Philosophy and Ideology for Decolonization and Development with Particular Reference to the African Revolution by Kwame Nkrumah (1959), Caste, Class and Race by Oliver Cromwell Cox (1948/1959), Capitalism and Underdevelopment in Latin America: Historical Studies of Chile and Brazil by Andre Gunder Frank (1962), The United States, Cuba, and Castro by William Appleman Williams (1963), Anarchism by Daniel Guerin (1965), Fanshen: A Documentary of Revolution in a Chinese Village[33] by William Hinton (1966), Monopoly Capital[34] by Paul A. Baran and Paul M. Sweezy (1966), Revolution and Evolution in the Twentieth Century by James Boggs and Grace Lee Boggs (1969), The National Question: Selected Writings by Rosa Luxemburg (1971), The Poverty of Theory and Other Essays by E. P. Thompson (1973), the English translation of Open Veins of Latin America[35] by Eduardo Galeano (1973), Puerto Rican Obituary by Pedro Pietri (1973), Unity and Struggle: Speeches and Writings of Amilcar Cabral (1974), Spiks, by Pedro Juan Soto (1974), Unequal Development[36] by Samir Amin (1976), The Arabs in Israel by Sabri Jiryis (1976), On Education: Articles on Educational Theory and Pedagogy, and Writings for Children from "The Age of Gold" by Jose Martí and edited by Eric Foner (1979), The 'Dictatorship of the Proletariat' from Marx to Lenin by Hal Draper (1982), The Poor and the Powerless: Economic Policy and Change in the Caribbean by Clive Y. Thomas, Columbus: His Enterprise: Exploding the Myth by Hans Koning (1987) and Eurocentrism[37] (1989) by Samir Amin.[28]

In later years, Monthly Review Press has published such titles as Discourse on Colonialism[38] by Aimé Césaire (1995), Reminiscences of the Cuban Revolutionary War by Che Guevara (1994), Haiti: State Against Nation by Michel-Rolph Trouillot (1996), The Problem of the Media: U.S. Communication Politics in the Twenty-First Century by Robert W. McChesney (2000), Toward an Open Tomb: The Crisis of Israeli Society by Michel Warschawski (2000), Biology under the Influence[39] by Richard Lewontin and Richard Levins (2007), Walter A. Rodney: A Promise of Revolution by Clairmont Chung (2008), The Great Financial Crisis[40] by Fred Magdoff and John Bellamy Foster (2009), America's Education Deficit and the War on Youth by Henry A. Giroux (2013), Big Farms Make Big Flu: Dispatches on Infectious Disease, Agribusiness, and the Nature of Science by Rob Wallace (2016), Fighting Two Colonialisms: Women in Guinea-Bissau by Stephanie J. Urdang (1975/2017), The Dawning of the Apocalypse: The Roots of Slavery, White Supremacy, Settler Colonialism, and Capitalism in the Long Sixteenth Century by Gerald Horne (2020), as well as Marx's Ecology,[41] The Return of Nature and other titles by Monthly Review Magazine editor John Bellamy Foster.

Abstracting and indexing

According to the Journal Citation Reports, the print journal has a 2014 impact factor of 0.460, ranking it 107th out of 161 journals in the category "Political Science".[42]

Footnotes

  1. ^ C. Phelps (1999). "Introduction: A Socialist Magazine in the American Century". Monthly Review. 51 (1): 1–21. doi:10.14452/MR-051-01-1999-05_1.
  2. ^ Phelps, C. (1999). "Introduction: A Socialist Magazine in the American Century". Monthly Review. 51 (1): 1–21. doi:10.14452/MR-051-01-1999-05_1. p. 3-4
  3. ^ Savran, S.; Tonak, E. A.; Sweezy, P. M. (1987). "Interview with Paul M. Sweezy". Monthly Review. 38 (11): 1. doi:10.14452/MR-038-11-1987-04_1. p. 32-33
  4. ^ Einstein, A. (2009). "Why Socialism?". Monthly Review. 61 (1): 55–61. doi:10.14452/MR-061-01-2009-05_7. HTML version available at the Monthly Review website: "Why Socialism?". May 1949. Retrieved 18 January 2014.
  5. ^ a b c "About Monthly Review".
  6. ^ Phelps, C. (1999). "Introduction: A Socialist Magazine in the American Century". Monthly Review. 51 (1): 1–21. doi:10.14452/MR-051-01-1999-05_1. p. 4-5.
  7. ^ Savran, S.; Tonak, E. A.; Sweezy, P. M. (1987). "Interview with Paul M. Sweezy". Monthly Review. 38 (11): 1. doi:10.14452/MR-038-11-1987-04_1. p. 43-44
  8. ^ Phelps, C. (1999). "Introduction: A Socialist Magazine in the American Century". Monthly Review. 51 (1): 1–21. doi:10.14452/MR-051-01-1999-05_1. p. 7-9.
  9. ^ a b Paul Sweezy, 93, Marxist Publisher and Economist, Dies, The New York Times, March 2, 2004.
  10. ^ Phelps, C. (1999). "Introduction: A Socialist Magazine in the American Century". Monthly Review. 51 (1): 1–21. doi:10.14452/MR-051-01-1999-05_1. p. 18-19.
  11. ^ John Bellamy Foster, "Monthly Review," in Mari Jo Buhle, Paul Buhle, and Dan Georgakas (eds.) Encyclopedia of the American Left New York: Garland Publishing Co., 1990; p. 485.
  12. ^ a b Phelps, C. (1999). "Introduction: A Socialist Magazine in the American Century". Monthly Review. 51 (1): 1–21. doi:10.14452/MR-051-01-1999-05_1. p. 20-21.
  13. ^ Phelps, C.; Magdoff, H. (1999). "Interview with Harry Magdoff". Monthly Review. 51 (1): 54–73. doi:10.14452/MR-051-01-1999-05_3. p. 54, pp. 61-64
  14. ^ Phelps, C. (1999). "Introduction: A Socialist Magazine in the American Century". Monthly Review. 51 (1): 1–21. doi:10.14452/MR-051-01-1999-05_1. p. 24-25.
  15. ^ Sweezy, P. M. (1983). "The Suppression of the Polish Workers Movement". Monthly Review. 34 (8): 27–30. doi:10.14452/MR-034-08-1983-01_3. p. 30
  16. ^ a b John Bellamy Foster, "Monthly Review," in Mari Jo Buhle, Paul Buhle, and Dan Georgakas (eds.)Encyclopedia of the American Left. New York: Garland Publishing Co., 1990; p. 484.
  17. ^ Monthly Review Archives, "Editorial Team."
  18. ^ Peter Clecak, "Monthly Review (1949—)," in Joseph R. Conlin (ed.), The American Radical Press, 1880–1960: Volume 2. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1974; pg. 667.
  19. ^ Clecak, "Monthly Review (1949—)," p. 671.
  20. ^ "MR's Upgrade". Monthly Review. December 31, 2016. Retrieved January 8, 2017.
  21. ^ "About Monthly Review". Monthly Review. January 1, 2024. Retrieved October 25, 2024.
  22. ^ "About Qiao Collective". Qiao Collective. Retrieved October 25, 2024.
  23. ^ "Xinjiang: A report and resource compilation". MR Online. October 10, 2020. Retrieved October 25, 2024.
  24. ^ "Open Letter to Monthly Review on Xinjiang and the Qiao Collective". position politics. October 19, 2020. Retrieved October 25, 2024.
  25. ^ Cockerell, Isobel (2020-10-22). "Leftist defense of persecution of Xinjiang's Uyghurs triggers a fierce response from professors". Coda Story. Retrieved 2022-05-14.
  26. ^ Griffiths, James (2021). The Great Firewall of China : How to Build and Control an Alternative Version of the Internet (2nd ed.). London: Bloomsbury Publishing. pp. 321–322. ISBN 978-1-350-25792-4. OCLC 1267764906.
  27. ^ "Foreign Editions of Monthly Review". Archived from the original on 2017-08-18. Retrieved 2013-03-24.
  28. ^ a b Phelps, C. (1999). "Introduction: A Socialist Magazine in the American Century". Monthly Review. 51 (1): 1–21. doi:10.14452/MR-051-01-1999-05_1. p. 15-16.
  29. ^ Braverman, Harry (1998) [1974]. Labor and Monopoly Capital: The Degradation of Work in the Twentieth Century. New York: Monthly Review Press. ISBN 0853459401.
  30. ^ Yates, Michael D. (2003). Naming the System. New York: Monthly Review Press. ISBN 1583670793. OCLC 477201729.
  31. ^ Panitch, Leo; Albo, Greg; Chibber, Vivek, eds. (2013). Registering class: socialist register 2014. New York: Monthly Review Press. pp. 335. ISBN 978-1583674314. OCLC 844308930. Also see the full listing Socialist Register books.
  32. ^ Baran, Paul A. (2000). The political economy of growth. New York: Monthly Review Press. ISBN 0853450765.
  33. ^ Hinton, William (2008) [1966]. Fanshen. New York: Monthly Review Press. ISBN 978-1583671757.
  34. ^ Baran, Paul A.; Sweezy, Paul M. (1966). Monopoly Capital: An Essay on the American Economic and Social Order. New York: Monthly Review Press. ISBN 0853450730.
  35. ^ Galeano, Eduardo (1997) [1973]. Open Veins of Latin America: Five Centuries of the Pillage of a Continent. New York: Monthly Review Press. ISBN 9780853459910.
  36. ^ Amin, Samir (1973). Unequal development. New York: Monthly Review Press. ISBN 9780853453802. OCLC 477201729.
  37. ^ Amin, Samir (2010) [1989]. Eurocentrism (2nd ed.). New York: Monthly Review Press. ISBN 9781583672075.
  38. ^ Césaire, Aimé (2000) [1955]. Discourse on Colonialism. New York: Monthly Review Press. ISBN 1583670254.
  39. ^ Lewontin, Richard; Levins, Richard (2007). Biology Under the Influence: Dialectical Essays on Ecology, Agriculture, and Health. New York: Monthly Review Press. ISBN 9781583671573.
  40. ^ Magdoff, Fred; Foster, John Bellamy (2009). The Great Financial Crisis: Causes and Consequences. New York: Monthly Review Press. ISBN 9781583671849.
  41. ^ Foster, John Bellamy (2000). Marx's Ecology: Materialism and Nature. New York: Monthly Review Press. ISBN 1583670122.
  42. ^ "Journals Ranked by Impact: Political Science". 2014 Journal Citation Reports. Web of Science (Social Sciences ed.). Thomson Reuters. 2015.

Further reading

Read other articles:

Didakus dari Alcalá

SantoSanto Didakus dari AlcaláO.F.M.San Diego de Alcalá karya Francisco de ZurbaránReligius dan MisionarisLahirc. 1400San Nicolás del Puerto, Kerjaan Sevilla, Kerajaan Kastila dan LeónMeninggal12 November 1463(1463-11-12) (umur 62–63)Alcalá de Henares, Kerajaan Toledo, Kerajaan Kastila dan LeónDihormati diGereja Katolik RomaKanonisasi10 Juli 1588, Basilika Santo Petrus, Negara Kepausan oleh Paus Sistus VTempat ziarahErmita de San Diego,San Nicolás del Puerto, Seville, Sap...

 

 

Hussain Rabi Gandhi

Indian writer and politician (1948–2023) Utkala JyotiHussain Rabi GandhiNative nameହୁସେନ ରବି ଗାନ୍ଧୀBorn(1948-04-23)23 April 1948[1]Mufti Bagh, Haldigadia, Jajpur, Odisha, IndiaDied28 January 2023(2023-01-28) (aged 74)Cuttack, Odisha, IndiaOccupationWriter, politicianLanguageOdiaEducationM.A (History), LLB, PhD (Odia literature)Alma materGangadhar Meher University, Sambalpur UniversityPeriodLate 20th centuryGenresPoetry, short storyLiterary movem...

 

 

Costantino II di Grecia

Questa voce o sezione sugli argomenti velisti e sovrani non cita le fonti necessarie o quelle presenti sono insufficienti. Commento: voce praticamente sprovvista di fonti e note da oltre 10 anni. Puoi migliorare questa voce aggiungendo citazioni da fonti attendibili secondo le linee guida sull'uso delle fonti. Segui i suggerimenti del progetto di riferimento. Costantino II di GreciaCostantino XIIIRitratto ufficiale a colori di Costantino II di GreciaRe degli ElleniStemma In carica6 marz...

Bontoharu, Kepulauan Selayar

BontoharuKecamatanProvinsiSulawesi SelatanKebupatenKepulauan SelayarPemerintahan • Camat- • Sekcam-Luas • Total129,75 km2 (50,10 sq mi)Populasi (2010[1]) • Total11.801 • Kepadatan91/km2 (240/sq mi)Zona waktuUTC+8 (WITA)Kode pos92811 Untuk desa di Kabupaten Bulukumba, lihat Bonto Haru, Rilau Ale, Bulukumba. Bontoharu adalah sebuah kecamatan di Kabupaten Kepulauan Selayar, Sulawesi Selatan, Indonesia. K...

 

 

1956 in spaceflight

1956 in spaceflightThe Jupiter-C sounding rocket made its maiden flight in 1956RocketsMaiden flights Aerobee AJ10-34 Nike-Cajun Terrapin Jupiter-C R-1UK R-5RD R-5RRetirements Aerobee XASR-SC-1 Deacon rockoon Nike-Nike-T40-T55 R-1E R-1UK R-5RD R-5Rvte This is a list of spaceflight related events which occurred in 1956. Crewed orbital spaceflight studied First nuclear warhead launched on a missile Atlas, Titan, Redstone programs going strong China begins missile development The race to launch ...

 

 

Afrin Region

This article is about one of seven regions of the self-declared Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria. For the Region's defunct subdivision, see Afrin Canton. For the previous Syrian district, see Afrin District. This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these template messages) Some of this article's listed sources may not be reliable. Please help improve this article by looking for better, mor...

Человек прямоходящий

† Человек прямоходящий Научная классификация Домен:ЭукариотыЦарство:ЖивотныеПодцарство:ЭуметазоиБез ранга:Двусторонне-симметричныеБез ранга:ВторичноротыеТип:ХордовыеПодтип:ПозвоночныеИнфратип:ЧелюстноротыеНадкласс:ЧетвероногиеКлада:АмниотыКлада:Синапсиды�...

 

 

Danny Yatom

Danny Yatom Faksi yang diwakili dalam Knesset Informasi pribadiLahir15 Maret 1945 (umur 79)Netanya, Mandat PalestinaSunting kotak info • L • B Danny Yatom (Ibrani: דני יתום, lahir 15 Maret 1945) adalah seorang mantan politikus asal Israel yang menjabat sebagai anggota Knesset mewakili Partai Buruh. Pada 1996–1998, Yatom menjadi ketua dinas keamanan Mossad. Antara 1999 dan 2001, ia menjabat sebagai kepala staf dan pensehat keamanan Perdana Menteri Ehud Barak. Pr...

 

 

Ouzilly

OuzillycomuneOuzilly – Veduta LocalizzazioneStato Francia Regione Nuova Aquitania Dipartimento Vienne ArrondissementChâtellerault CantoneChâtellerault-1 TerritorioCoordinate46°47′N 0°22′E / 46.783333°N 0.366667°E46.783333; 0.366667 (Ouzilly)Coordinate: 46°47′N 0°22′E / 46.783333°N 0.366667°E46.783333; 0.366667 (Ouzilly) Superficie10,64 km² Abitanti861[1] (2009) Densità80,92 ab./km² Altre informazioniCod. pos...

Нойштадт-ан-дер-Вальднаб (район)

Нойштадт-ан-дер-ВальднабNeustadt an der Waldnaab Флаг Герб Страна  Германия Земля Бавария Административный округ Верхний Пфальц Административный центр Нойштадт-ан-дер-Вальднаб Ландрат Simon Wittmann (ХСС) Основан 1 июля 1862 Площадь 1429,89 км² Официальный язык немецкий Население 99 672 чел. П...

 

 

Reese McGuire

American baseball player (born 1995) Baseball player Reese McGuireMcGuire with the Toronto Blue Jays in 2020Boston Red Sox – No. 3CatcherBorn: (1995-03-02) March 2, 1995 (age 29)Seattle, Washington, U.S.Bats: LeftThrows: RightMLB debutSeptember 6, 2018, for the Toronto Blue JaysMLB statistics (through April 21, 2024)Batting average.259Home runs15Runs batted in74 Teams Toronto Blue Jays (2018–2021) Chicago White Sox (2022) Boston Red Sox (2022–present) Medals Men’s ...

 

 

ClexaCon

ClexaConStatusnon-operationalGenreLGBTQ-focused fan conventionVenueTropicana Las VegasLocation(s)Las Vegas, NevadaCountryUnited StatesInauguratedMarch 3, 2017; 7 years ago (2017-03-03)Most recentAugust 26–28, 2022Attendance4,100Organized byDash Productions ClexaCon is a former annual fan convention focused on female members of the LGBTQ community. The convention is named after the ship name for Clarke and Lexa, characters on the CW series The 100. The inaugural ClexaCon w...

African Americans

Ethnic group in the United States African AmericansProportion of Black Americans in each county as of the 2020 U.S. censusTotal population46,936,733 (2020)[1]14.2% of the total U.S. population (2020)[1]41,104,200 (2020) (one race)[1]12.4% of the total U.S. population (2020)[1]Regions with significant populationsAcross the United States, especially in the South and urban areasLanguagesEnglish (American English dialects, African-American English)Gullah Creole Eng...

 

 

Федеральная служба безопасности

Запрос «ФСБ» перенаправляется сюда; см. также другие значения. ФСБ РоссииФедеральная служба безопасности Российской Федерации Эмблема ФСБ России Флаг ФСБ России Страна  Россия Создана 3 апреля 1995 года Юрисдикция Россия Штаб-квартира Москва, Лубянская площадь, д. 2 Б�...

 

 

French criminal law

Courtyard of the Palais de Justice, Paris showing the old High Court of Paris, the Court of Appeals, and the Court of Cassation. Legal systems of the world: countries in blue have Napoleonic law or a variant. French criminal law is the set of legal rules that govern the State's response to offenses and offenders.[1] It is one[2] of the branches of the juridical system of the French Republic. The field of criminal law is defined as a sector of French law, and is a combination ...

Electroscope

Early scientific instrument to detect charge For the 19th century conceptual model of television, see Telectroscope. Gilbert's versorium The electroscope is an early scientific instrument used to detect the presence of electric charge on a body. It detects charge by the movement of a test object due to the Coulomb electrostatic force on it. The amount of charge on an object is proportional to its voltage. The accumulation of enough charge to detect with an electroscope requires hundreds or th...

 

 

George Alfred Lawrence

George Alfred LawrenceBorn(1827-03-25)25 March 1827Buxted, Sussex, EnglandDied23 September 1876(1876-09-23) (aged 49)Edinburgh, ScotlandOccupation Novelist barrister NationalityBritishAlma materRugby SchoolBalliol College, OxfordSpouse Mary Ann Georgiana Kirwan ​ ​(m. 1851)​Children2ParentsAlfred Charnley LawrenceLady Emily Finch-HattonRelativesLady Elizabeth Finch-Hatton (grandmother)George Finch-Hatton, 10th Earl of Winchilsea (uncle) George Alf...

 

 

Rémi Gomis

Pour les articles homonymes, voir Gomis. Rémi Gomis Rémi Gomis en octobre 2015 Biographie Nom Rémi Sébastien Gomis Nationalité Française Sénégalaise Nat. sportive Sénégalaise Naissance 14 février 1984 (40 ans) Versailles (France) Taille 1,80 m (5′ 11″) Période pro. 2004-2017 Poste Milieu défensif Parcours junior Années Club 0000-2000 FC Versailles 78 2000-2001 Stade lavallois Parcours senior1 AnnéesClub 0M.0(B.) 2001-2007 Stade lavallois 147 0(6) 2007-2009 S...

Fourth Industrial Revolution

Current trend of manufacturing technology This article's factual accuracy is disputed. Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page. Please help to ensure that disputed statements are reliably sourced. (June 2023) (Learn how and when to remove this message) Top-left: an image of robots in a grocery warehouse. Top-right: augmented tablet information of a painting in Museu de Mataró, linking to Wikipedia's Catalan article on Jordi Arenas i Clavell [ca]. Bottom-left: illustrat...

 

 

Sporting Étoile Club de Bastia 1986-1987

Voce principale: Sporting Club Bastiais. S.E.C. BastiaStagione 1986-1987Sport calcio Squadra Bastia Allenatore Roland Gransart Presidente Pierre Fantoni Division 2 (Gir. B)5º Coppa di FranciaSedicesimi di finale Maggiori presenzeCampionato: Gilles, Meyer (32)Totale: Meyer (36) Miglior marcatoreCampionato: N'Gouete (21)Totale: N'Gouete (24) StadioArmand Cesari (17.000) Media spettatori2 245¹ 1985-1986 1987-1988 ¹ considera le partite giocate in casa in campionato.Si invita a segu...