Kujō family (Japanese: 九条家, Hepburn: Kujō-ke) is a Japanese aristocratic kin group.[1] The family is a branch of Hokke and,[2] by extension, a main branch of the Fujiwara clan.[3]
The family claims descent from Fujiwara no Kanezane, third son of Fujiwara no Tadamichi.[4] After the fall of the Taira clan in 1185, Kanezane became Sesshō and Kampaku with the support from Minamoto no Yoritomo;[5] Kanezane then founded an independent family as of 1191,[6] and the family name Kujō was named after a residence located on the road "Kujō-Ōji" (九条大路), where his family lived, built by his ancestor, Fujiwara no Mototsune.[7] Since then, the Kujō became one of the five Fujiwara families from which the Sesshō and Kampaku could be chosen, later known as the five regent houses.[1] The fourth and fifth shōgun' of the Kamakura shogunate, Kujō Yoritsune and Kujō Yoritsugu, came from this family as well.[8]
After the Meiji Restoration, members of the Kujō clan were elevated to princedom and given the title Prince.
[10]
The Tsurudono family (鶴殿家, Tsudono-ke) was founded by the fifth son of Kujō Hisatada, Tsurudono Tadayoshi (1853-1895), in 1888. The kanji used in the family name was originally "靏殿" but later changed to "鶴殿", both names are pronounced "Tsurudono".[11][12]
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