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KCNS3
Identifiers
Aliases	KCNS3, KV9.3, potassium voltage-gated channel modifier subfamily S member 3
External IDs	OMIM: 603888; MGI: 1098804; HomoloGene: 20518; GeneCards: KCNS3; OMA:KCNS3 - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 2 (human)
End	18,361,616 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 12 (mouse)
End	11,201,057 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	vastus lateralis muscle; ; Skeletal muscle tissue of rectus abdominis; ; visceral pleura; ; Skeletal muscle tissue of biceps brachii; ; retinal pigment epithelium; ; hair follicle; ; muscle of thigh; ; palpebral conjunctiva; ; gastrocnemius muscle; ; upper lobe of left lung;
	Top expressed in
	lumbar spinal ganglion; ; morula; ; olfactory epithelium; ; embryo; ; embryo; ; blastocyst; ; primary visual cortex; ; dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation granule cell; ; white adipose tissue; ; superior frontal gyrus;
	More reference expression data
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	potassium channel activity; delayed rectifier potassium channel activity; voltage-gated ion channel activity; ion channel activity; potassium channel regulator activity; voltage-gated potassium channel activity;
Cellular component	integral component of membrane; Golgi apparatus; membrane; voltage-gated potassium channel complex; plasma membrane; cytosol;
Biological process	regulation of insulin secretion; regulation of ion transmembrane transport; ion transport; potassium ion transport; transmembrane transport; potassium ion transmembrane transport; protein homooligomerization;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	3790
	238076
	ENSG00000170745
	ENSMUSG00000043673
	Q9BQ31
	Q8BQZ8
	NM_001282428; NM_002252
	NM_001168564; NM_173417
	NP_001269357; NP_002243
	NP_001162036; NP_775593
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily S member 3 (Kv9.3) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KCNS3 gene.^[5]^[6]^[7] KCNS3 gene belongs to the S subfamily of the potassium channel family.^[7] It is highly expressed in pulmonary artery myocytes,^[8]^[9]^[10] placenta,^[11] and parvalbumin-containing GABA neurons in brain cortex.^[12]^[13] In humans, single-nucleotide polymorphisms of the KCNS3 gene are associated with airway hyperresponsiveness,^[14] whereas decreased KCNS3 mRNA expression is found in the prefrontal cortex of patients with schizophrenia.^[13]

Function

Voltage-gated potassium channels form the largest and most diversified class of ion channels and are present in both excitable and nonexcitable cells. Their main functions are associated with the regulation of the resting membrane potential and the control of the shape and frequency of action potentials. The alpha subunits are of 2 types: those that are functional by themselves and those that are electrically silent but capable of modulating the activity of specific functional alpha subunits. The Kv9.3 protein (encoded by KCNS3 gene) is not functional by itself^[9] but can form functional heteromultimers with Kv2.1 (encoded by KCNB1) and Kv2.2 (encoded by KCNB2) (and possibly other members) of the Shab-related subfamily of potassium voltage-gated channel proteins.^[8] Heteromeric Kv2.1/Kv9.3 channels form with fixed stoichiometry consisting of three Kv2.1 subunits and one Kv9.3 subunit.^[15]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000170745 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ ^a ^b ^c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000043673 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ Shepard AR, Rae JL (September 1999). "Electrically silent potassium channel subunits from human lens epithelium". The American Journal of Physiology. 277 (3): C412–C424. doi:10.1152/ajpcell.1999.277.3.C412. PMID 10484328.
^ Gutman GA, Chandy KG, Grissmer S, Lazdunski M, McKinnon D, Pardo LA, et al. (December 2005). "International Union of Pharmacology. LIII. Nomenclature and molecular relationships of voltage-gated potassium channels". Pharmacological Reviews. 57 (4): 473–508. doi:10.1124/pr.57.4.10. PMID 16382104. S2CID 219195192.
^ ^a ^b "Entrez Gene: KCNS3 potassium voltage-gated channel, delayed-rectifier, subfamily S, member 3". Retrieved 19 June 2017.
^ ^a ^b Patel AJ, Lazdunski M, Honoré E (November 1997). "Kv2.1/Kv9.3, a novel ATP-dependent delayed-rectifier K+ channel in oxygen-sensitive pulmonary artery myocytes". The EMBO Journal. 16 (22): 6615–6625. doi:10.1093/emboj/16.22.6615. PMC 1170266. PMID 9362476.
^ ^a ^b Stocker M, Kerschensteiner D (July 1998). "Cloning and tissue distribution of two new potassium channel alpha-subunits from rat brain". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 248 (3): 927–934. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1998.9072. PMID 9704029.
^ Fantozzi I, Platoshyn O, Wong AH, Zhang S, Remillard CV, Furtado MR, et al. (November 2006). "Bone morphogenetic protein-2 upregulates expression and function of voltage-gated K+ channels in human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells". American Journal of Physiology. Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology. 291 (5): L993-1004. doi:10.1152/ajplung.00191.2005. PMID 16815889.
^ Fyfe GK, Panicker S, Jones RL, Wareing M (October 2012). "Expression of an electrically silent voltage-gated potassium channel in the human placenta". Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. 32 (7): 624–629. doi:10.3109/01443615.2012.709288. PMID 22943705. S2CID 27217929.
^ Georgiev D, González-Burgos G, Kikuchi M, Minabe Y, Lewis DA, Hashimoto T (2012). "Selective expression of KCNS3 potassium channel α-subunit in parvalbumin-containing GABA neurons in the human prefrontal cortex". PLOS ONE. 7 (8): e43904. Bibcode:2012PLoSO...743904G. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0043904. PMC 3427167. PMID 22937123.
^ ^a ^b Georgiev D, Arion D, Enwright JF, Kikuchi M, Minabe Y, Corradi JP, et al. (January 2014). "Lower gene expression for KCNS3 potassium channel subunit in parvalbumin-containing neurons in the prefrontal cortex in schizophrenia". The American Journal of Psychiatry. 171 (1): 62–71. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2013.13040468. PMC 3947279. PMID 24170294.
^ Hao K, Niu T, Xu X, Fang Z, Xu X (April 2005). "Single-nucleotide polymorphisms of the KCNS3 gene are significantly associated with airway hyperresponsiveness". Human Genetics. 116 (5): 378–383. doi:10.1007/s00439-005-1256-5. PMID 15714333. S2CID 20997775.
^ Kerschensteiner D, Soto F, Stocker M (April 2005). "Fluorescence measurements reveal stoichiometry of K+ channels formed by modulatory and delayed rectifier alpha-subunits". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 102 (17): 6160–6165. Bibcode:2005PNAS..102.6160K. doi:10.1073/pnas.0500468102. PMC 1087924. PMID 15827117.