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Jun-ichi Nishizawa
**西澤潤一**
Jun-ichi Nishizawa; 西澤潤一
Born	September 12, 1926; Sendai, Miyagi Prefecture, Japan
Died	October 21, 2018 (aged 92); Sendai, Miyagi Prefecture, Japan
Alma mater	Tohoku University
Awards	IEEE Edison Medal (2000); Order of Culture
	Scientific career
Institutions	Tohoku University; Iwate Prefectural University; Tokyo Metropolitan University; Sophia University

Layers of a PIN diode. (+ -)
The PIN photodiode was invented by Jun-ichi Nishizawa in 1950.

Jun-ichi Nishizawa (西澤潤一, Nishizawa Jun'ichi, September 12, 1926 – October 21, 2018)^[1] was a Japanese engineer and inventor. He is known for his electronic inventions since the 1950s, including the PIN diode, static induction transistor, static induction thyristor, SIT/SITh. His inventions contributed to the development of internet technology and the Information Age.^[2]

He was a professor at Sophia University. He is considered the "Father of Japanese Microelectronics".

Biography

Nishizawa was born in Sendai, Japan, on September 12, 1926. He earned a B.S. in 1948, and a Doctor of Engineering degree in 1960, from Tohoku University.

In 1953, he joined the Research Institute of Electrical Communication at Tohoku University. He became a professor there and was appointed director to two research institutes. From 1990 to 1996, Nishizawa served as the President of Tohoku University.

He became the president of Iwate Prefectural University in 1998.

Research

In 1950, the static induction transistor was invented by Jun-ichi Nishizawa and Y. Watanabe.^[3] The PIN photodiode was also invented by Nishizawa and his colleagues in 1950.^[4]

In 1952, he invented the avalanche photodiode.^[5] He then invented a solid-state maser in 1955.^[5] This was followed by his proposal for a semiconductor optical maser in 1957, a year before Schawlow and Townes's first paper on optical masers.^[5]^[6]^[7]

While working at Tohoku University, he proposed fiber-optic communication, the use of optical fibers for optical communication, in 1963.^[8] Nishizawa invented other technologies in the 1960s that contributed to the development of optical fiber communications, such as the graded-index optical fiber as a channel for transmitting light from semiconductor lasers.^[9]^[10] He patented the graded-index optical fiber in 1964.^[2]

In 1971, he invented the static induction thyristor.^[5]^[11]

Recognition

Nishizawa was a Life Fellow of the IEEE. He is a Fellow of several other institutions, including the Physical Society, the Russian Academy of Sciences, and the Polish Academy of Sciences. Nishizawa was decorated with Order of Culture by the emperor of Japan in 1989.^[12] He also received the Japan Academy Prize (1974),^[12] IEEE Jack A. Morton Award (1983),^[13] the Honda Prize and the Laudise Prize of the International Organization for Crystal Growth (1989).^[14] IEEE conferred the Edison Medal on him in 2000,^[15] and introduced the IEEE Jun-ichi Nishizawa Medal in 2002.^[16] He has more than a thousand patents registered under his name.^[1]