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Joseph Draper Sayers
Joseph Draper Sayers
	Sayers in 1899
22nd Governor of Texas
	In office; January 17, 1899 – January 20, 1903
Lieutenant	James Browning
Preceded by	Charles A. Culberson
Succeeded by	S. W. T. Lanham
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives; from Texas
	In office; March 4, 1885 – January 16, 1899
Preceded by	John Hancock
Succeeded by	Albert S. Burleson
Constituency	10th district (1885–93); 9th district (1893–99)
12th Lieutenant Governor of Texas
	In office; January 21, 1879 – January 18, 1881
Governor	Oran M. Roberts
Preceded by	Richard B. Hubbard
Succeeded by	Leonidas Jefferson Storey
Member of the Texas Senate; from the 26th district
	In office; January 14, 1873 – January 13, 1874
Preceded by	Reinhard Hillebrand
Succeeded by	Hamilton Ledbetter
Personal details
Born	September 23, 1841; Grenada, Mississippi, U.S.
Died	May 15, 1929 (aged 87); Austin, Texas, U.S.
Nationality	American
Political party	Democratic
Profession	Politician, lawyer
Military service
Allegiance	Confederate States
Branch/service	Confederate States Army
Years of service	1861–1865
Rank	Major
Unit	5th Texas Cavalry Regiment
Battles/wars	American Civil War Battle of Valverde; Battle of Fort Bisland (WIA); Battle of Mansfield (WIA); ;

Joseph Draper Sayers (September 23, 1841 – May 15, 1929) was the 22nd governor of Texas from 1899 to 1903. During Sayers's term, the Galveston Hurricane of 1900 demolished that city. He was the last Confederate soldier to be governor.

Early years

Joseph Sayers was born September 23, 1841, in Grenada, Mississippi, to David Sayers and his wife Mary Thomas (née Peete). His mother died in Charleston, Mississippi, in 1847,^[1] and soon after he moved to Texas with his father and younger brother, William.^[2] The family settled in Bastrop, where Sayers and his brother attended the Bastrop Military Institute.^[3]

Civil War

When the Civil War broke out, Sayers joined the Confederate States Army's 5th Texas Regiment, a cavalry unit led by General Tom Green. He participated in the Battle of Valverde in New Mexico in February 1862, and was recommended for promotion for his bravery in capturing an artillery battery. Later that year he returned to Texas with his regiment before being sent to Louisiana, where he was wounded in the Battle of Fort Bisland in April 1863. His actions during that conflict led to his promotion to major, and he became Green's chief–of–staff. Sayers was wounded again in April 1864 at the Battle of Mansfield. After Green died at the Battle of Blair's Landing, Sayers became the assistant adjutant to General Richard Taylor.^[3]

Lawyer

After the war ended, Sayers returned to Texas. He opened a school and simultaneously studied law. He was admitted to the bar and then formed a partnership with G. "Wash" Jones.^[3]

Personal life

He married Orline Walton, an amateur painter. The walls of their apartments at the Riggs were adorned with beautiful specimens of her work. She painted portraits of herself and her husband, and has also made copies of several of the celebrated pictures at the Corcoran Art Gallery, while her china painting was exquisite.^{[clarification needed]} Orline Walton was a native of Aberdeen, Mississippi.^{[citation needed]}

During her childhood, her father moved with his family to Bastrop, Texas. She was married to Joseph D. Sayers when he was Lieutenant-Governor of the State, and the first years of her married life were spent at Austin. She was a member of the Methodist church and interested in its benevolent and educational work.^{[citation needed]}

Public service

Sayers entered political service in 1873, when he became a state senator in the 13th Texas Legislature. In his term, he helped reverse most of the legislation that had been passed under the Radical Republicans.^[3] After his term ended in 1875, Sayers spent three years as chairman of the Texas State Democratic Executive Committee. He presided over the state Democratic convention in both 1876 and 1878.^[3] At the 1878 convention he was nominated to be lieutenant governor under Oran M. Roberts and later won the election. Sayers and Roberts differed on one key point; Sayers believed that public lands should be saved for homesteaders and schools, not sold cheaply to speculators, as Roberts advocated.^[3]

Congress

Sayers was first elected to the 49th Congress as a representative of Texas's 10th congressional district in 1884. In his first election, he received 9,270 votes over his competitor, John B. Rector, who ran as an Independent. He was re-elected in 1886, 1888, 1890, 1892, 1894, and 1896. In 1888, in the election to the 51st Congress, Sayers won against the Republican nominee for the district, the popular civic leader Augustus Belknap of San Antonio.^[4] He served in Congress until 1898, when he ran for governor, winning the election and taking office in early 1899. He was supported by Edward M. House in his campaign against Martin McNulty Crane.^[5]

Governor

During his term in office, labor unions were exempted from antitrust laws, and blacklists were outlawed. His term saw increased spending on education, prisons, and social service institutions and outlawed railroad rebates.^[3] He also spearheaded legislation that authorized the creation of school districts.^[6]

Sayers's term was notable for the number of disasters that the state faced. The Brazos River flooded in 1899, and the following year the Galveston Hurricane of 1900 caused great devastation. Other parts of the state suffered from a severe drought, and boll weevils caused widespread cotton destruction. Millions of dollars in assistance came to the state, and Sayers administered the distribution of the funds "honestly and fairly."^[6] He was the last Confederate soldier to hold the office.^[7]

Later years

After leaving office in 1903, Sayers focused mainly on his law practice. He also took the time, however, to serve on the Board of Regents for the University of Texas System as well as on the Industrial Accident Board, the State Board of Legal Advisors, and the pardon board.^[6]

Death and burial

Sayers died in Austin on May 15, 1929, and is buried in Bastrop.^[6]^[8]

Notes

^ McArthur & Wickes 1901, p. 19.
^ Hendrickson (1995), p. 137.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Hendrickson (1995), p. 138.
^ Daniell, Lewis E. (1889). Personnel of the Texas State Government, with sketches of Distinguished Texans embracing the Executive and Staff, Heads of the Departments, United States Senators and Representatives, Members of the Twenty-First Legislature (PDF). Austin: Smith, Hicks and Jones, State Printers. p. 124 – via Texas Legislative Library. Mr. Sayers was Lieutenant Governor of Texas from 1879 to 1880, and was elected to the Forty-ninth Congress as a Democrat, receiving twenty-one thousand five hundred and twenty-three votes against twelve thousand two hundred and fifty-three for his competitor, John B. Rector, perhaps the most popular Republican in the district, although he ran as an Independent. He was re-elected to the Fiftieth and also the Fifty-first Congresses, defeating, in the last race, a very popular gentleman, a Republican. General Belknap, of San Antonio.
^ "8. Joseph D. Sayers". The Texas Politics Project. University of Texas at Austin. 2003. Retrieved May 12, 2024.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Hendrickson (1995), p. 140.
^ "Joseph Draper Sayers". Texas Legislators: Past & Present. Legislative Reference Library of Texas.
^ Campbell, Randolph B. "Mike". "Sayers, Joseph Draper (1841–1929)". Handbook of Texas. Texas State Historical Association. Retrieved August 7, 2023.

References

McArthur, Niel John; Wickes, Hiram G. (1901). The Twenty-Seventh Legislature and State Administration of Texas. Ben C. Jones & Co. Printers. p. 19. LCCN 01024104.
Hendrickson, Kenneth E. Jr. (1995), The Chief of Executives of Texas: From Stephen F. Austin to John B. Connally, Jr., College Station: Texas A&M University Press, ISBN 0-89096-641-9, OCLC 31243061

External links

Works by or about Joseph D. Sayers at the Internet Archive
Joseph Draper Sayers from the Handbook of Texas Online

Party political offices
Preceded by Charles Allen Culberson	Democratic nominee for Governor of Texas 1898, 1900	Succeeded by S. W. T. Lanham
Texas Senate
Preceded by Reinhard Hillebrand	Texas Senate, District 26 1873–1874	Succeeded by William Hamilton Ledbetter
Political offices
Preceded by Richard Bennett Hubbard, Jr.	Lieutenant Governor of Texas 1879–1881	Succeeded by Leonidas Jefferson Storey
Preceded by Charles A. Culberson	Governor of Texas 1899–1903	Succeeded by S. W. T. Lanham
U.S. House of Representatives
Preceded by John Hancock	Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Texas's 10th congressional district 1885–1893	Succeeded by Walter Gresham
Preceded by Edwin Le Roy Antony	Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Texas's 9th congressional district 1893–1899	Succeeded by Albert S. Burleson