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James P. Aykroyd (1810– July 1835 in Nashville, Tennessee^[1]) was an early American composer, arranger, and music educator of piano, organ, and voice in New Bern, North Carolina, Raleigh, North Carolina, and Nashville, Tennessee.^[2]^[3] He also owned a general store — first in New Bern, then in Nashville — selling dry goods, groceries, sheet music, and musical instruments – including pianos. In New Bern, Aykroyd was the organist and choir director at the 1824 dedication of the then newly constructed Christ Episcopal Church.^[4]

Music in North Carolina

In nearly every North Carolina village where there was an academy there was also a music teacher, an art teacher, and sometimes a dancing teacher. In some of these towns, such as New Bern, Raleigh, Greensboro, and Wilmington, there were music teachers independent of academy patronage. Aykroyd's general store was "One door North of the Bank of Newbern."^[5]

Aykroyd, as early as August 11, 1821, advertised in the Newbern Sentinel:

The inhabitants of Newbern are respectfully informed that JAMES AYKROYD, Professor of Instrumental and Vocal Music, contemplates establishing himself in Newbern, the ensuing November, as a Teacher of those Sciences, and respectfully solicits a portion of publick patronage. His terms will be moderate.
Piano Fortes and other musical instruments, warranted to be of the best quality, together with every description of Music, can be had by leaving orders with John W. Guion, Esq. N.B. Piano Fortes, &c. tuned and repaired by J.A.

— July 28—eow t1 Nov.—175

In 1823, Aykroyd, then of New Bern, "respectfully informed the citizens of Hillsboro and its vicinity that he intended giving lessons in music there during the summer months." His terms were "for the Piano, twelve dollars a quarter, for lessons every other week; and three dollars for vocal music, two lessons every other week."^[3]^[6]

In 1826, Aykroyd posted an announcement in the Raleigh Register:

J. AYKROYD,
PROFESSOR OF MUSIC,
From Newbern
RESPECTFULLY informs the inhabitants of Raleigh, that, agreeably to the purpose which he made known in a former advertisement, he has arrived here and will commence the duties of his profession as soon as a sufficient number of pupils shall be obtained.
A subscription paper is left in the hands of Gen. B. Daniel.
June 7, 1826
— Raleigh Register, June 13, 1826^[7]

In Nashville, until his death in 1835, Aykroyd had a large music store on Union Street, near the Union Bank.^[8]

Selected compositions

The Siren: A Collection of Sacred Music, edited and arranged by James Aykroyd, published by G.E. Blake, Philadelphia (1822) OCLC 55853682
"How Dear to the Heart," sung by Mrs. French, published by G.E. Blake, Philadelphia
- Poetry by Stephen Mitchell Chester, Esq. (1793–1862), composed for and dedicated to Miss Mary Taylor^[9]
"Yet Stay Awhile," with variations for the Piano Forte of Harp, published by G.E. Blake, Philadelphia
- Composed for and dedicated to Miss Henrietta B. Smith,^[a] by J. Aykroyd; the poetry is original^[10]
The American and New Orleans Favorite Waltzes for the Piano Forte, published by G.E. Blake, Philadelphia OCLC 22050150 OCLC 726900766
- Composed & respectfully dedicated to Miss Caroline Chapman, by J. Aykroyd^[11]

From the Thomas Alva Edison Collection of American Sheet, Music Library of the University of Michigan

The broken vow, or, Theodosius to Constantia: sung by Mrs. French published by G.E. Blake, Philadelphia (1824)^[12] OCLC 42779455
The Pirate Lover, sung by Mrs. French, published by G.E. Blake, Philadelphia (1824) OCLC 78192158 OCLC 367910292 OCLC 81286374
- Poetry by James Gates Percival, music composed and respectfully inscribed to Mrs. J. A. Brown by J. Aykroyd^[13]
The Tell Tale Eye, sung by Mrs. French, published by G.E. Blake, Philadelphia (1824)^[14] OCLC 42779459

Sample sheet music that Aykroyd sold

Aykroyd used an ink stamp to identify himself as a music dealer on the sheet music he sold. It read:

Sold by JAMES AYKROYD, Teacher of Music, New Bern. Where are sold, Music and Instruments of every description.

A sample of the sheet music sold and stamp he used is at the Music Library of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill; viz: "The Blue Bell of Scotland," with variations for the piano forte or harp (a new edition) by Jean Tatton Latour (1776–1840), published by George E. Blake, Philadelphia^[15]

Musical family

James married Elizabeth Bettner^[16] on July 12, 1824, in New Bern, North Carolina.^[17]^[18] Elizabeth was a music teacher in both New Bern and Nashville.^[19]

James and Elizabeth Aykroyd had four children, all born in New Bern:

Julia Blake Aykroyd, (born 21 July 1825; died 28 July 1825 New Bern)
William James Aykroyd (born 28 July 1827; died 5 November 1832, Nashville)^[20]
Eliza Jones Aykroyd (born 11 December 1828)
Maria Caroline Aykroyd (born 20 June 1831)

Eliza and Maria taught music. Eliza was the founding head of music (1890) at what now is the University of North Texas College of Music.

Miscellany

Aykroyd is listed as an 1823 member of the Dialectic Society.^[21]

Death

Aykroyd died in early July 1835 in Nashville "from the effects of laudanum" and was buried July 5, 1935.^[22] The community held a benefit for his children, for which an announcement was posted in the Nashville Banner and Nashville Whig, October 12, 1835.

Notes

^ Miss Henrietta B. Smith of New Bern, North Carolina, married John B. Carroll (died 1837) of New York on January 2, 1836. (Christ Church Parish Marriage Records Archived 2014-10-19 at the Wayback Machine, New Bern, North Carolina)

References

^ "List of Burials: James Aykroyd," Archived 2011-09-27 at the Wayback Machine Tri-Weekly Banner (Nashville), July 8, 1835
^ Candace Bailey (born 1963), Music and the Southern Belle: From Accomplished Lady to Confederate Composer, Southern Illinois University Press (April 7, 2010); OCLC 649913239
^ ^a ^b Advertisement, Hillsborough Recorder, North Carolina, June 25, 1823
^ Recollections of Newbern, N.C. Fifty Years Ago Archived 2014-12-30 at the Wayback Machine, by Stephen Franks Miller (1805–1873), Columbus, Georgia (self published), September 1873; OCLC 13066971, 679764872
Index: OCLC 679937592
^ Advertisement, Newbern Sentinel, August 4, 1827; OCLC 10503128
^ Ante-Bellum North Carolina: A Social History, Guion Griffis Johnson (1900–1989), University of North Carolina Press (1937), Chapter 10, pg. 290
Electronic ed. Archived 2011-04-06 at the Wayback Machine: transcribed by Apex Data Services, Inc., Melissa Meeks, and Natalia Smith; Images scanned by Andrew Leiter; 1st ed., Academic Affairs Library, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (2002)
^ North Carolina Schools and Academies, 1790–1840; A Documentary History by Charles Lee Coon, Raleigh, North Carolina: Edward & Broughton Printing Company (1915), pg. 529; OCLC 2360464
^ Advertisement of John B. West, Nashville Banner and Nashville Whig, July 24, 1835
^ 19th-Century American Sheet Music at UNC: "How Dear to the Heart" Archived 2014-12-30 at the Wayback Machine
Music by James P. Aykroyd
Poetry by Stephen M. Chester, Esq.
Published by George E. Blake
(1824); OCLC 871260442
^ 19th-Century American Sheet Music at UNC: "Yet Stay Awhile" Archived 2014-12-30 at the Wayback Machine
Music by James P. Aykroyd
Poetry by James P. Aykroyd
Published by George E. Blake
^ 19th-Century American Sheet Music at UNC: "The American and New Orleans Favorite Waltzes" Archived 2014-12-30 at the Wayback Machine
Music by James P. Aykroyd
Composed and dedicated to Miss Caroline Chapman
Published by George E. Blake
(1823); OCLC 22050150, 726900766
^ Wolfe, pg. 374
^ Wolfe, pg. 377
^ Wolfe, pg. 379
^ "The Blue Bell of Scotland" Archived 2014-12-30 at the Wayback Machine (sans lyrics)
Original lyrics by Anne Grant
(née Anne McVicar; 1755–1838)
Variations arranged for piano or harp
By Jean Tatton Latour (1776–1840)
Published by George E. Blake
(c. 1820); OCLC 68893328, 62711261
^ Elizabeth's brother, James S. Bettner (died Archived 2011-07-17 at the Wayback Machine testate 1858, Westchester County, New York), acquired a patent of land in Kendall County, Texas, the survey for which bears his name
^ Christ Church Parish, "Marriage Entries," Archived 2014-10-19 at the Wayback Machine James Aykroyd and Elizabeth Bettner, July 12, 1824
^ "North Carolina County Marriages, 1762–1979," Archived 2016-03-04 at the Wayback Machine FamilySearch (accessed 30 December 2014), Jas Aykroyd and Elizabeth Bettner, 12 July 1824; Craven County
^ "1860 US Census, Davidson County, Tennessee, pg. 402b, line 40, house number 971". Archived from the original on 2021-04-18. Retrieved 2021-10-11.
^ photo of grave marker
^ Catalogue of the Members of the Dialectic Society Archived 2012-10-11 at the Wayback Machine, Instituted at the University of North Carolina, June 3, 1795, electronic ed., University of North Carolina (1793–1962), Dialectic Society; OCLC 4761249192
^ "Obituary: Jas. Aykroyd," Nashville Banner and Nashville Whig, July 8, 1835

Works

Wolfe, Richard James (born 1928), Secular Music in America 1801–1825, 1st ed. (3 volumes), The New York Public Library (1964); OCLC 855811
19th-Century American Sheet Music, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Music Library
Christ Church Parish Records, New Bern, North Carolina (usgwarchives.net)

[Henrietta_B._Smith-10] Miss Henrietta B. Smith of New Bern, North Carolina, married John B. Carroll (died 1837) of New York on January 2, 1836. (Christ Church Parish Marriage Records Archived 2014-10-19 at the Wayback Machine, New Bern, North Carolina)

[Nashville_burial_list-1] "List of Burials: James Aykroyd," Archived 2011-09-27 at the Wayback Machine Tri-Weekly Banner (Nashville), July 8, 1835

[Bailey-2] Candace Bailey (born 1963), Music and the Southern Belle: From Accomplished Lady to Confederate Composer, Southern Illinois University Press (April 7, 2010); OCLC 649913239

[Hillsborough_Recorder_1823_Jun_25-3] Advertisement, Hillsborough Recorder, North Carolina, June 25, 1823

[Miller_1873-4] Recollections of Newbern, N.C. Fifty Years Ago Archived 2014-12-30 at the Wayback Machine, by Stephen Franks Miller (1805–1873), Columbus, Georgia (self published), September 1873; OCLC 13066971, 679764872
Index: OCLC 679937592

[Newbern_Sentinel_1827_Aug_4-5] Advertisement, Newbern Sentinel, August 4, 1827; OCLC 10503128

[Johnson_1937-6] Ante-Bellum North Carolina: A Social History, Guion Griffis Johnson (1900–1989), University of North Carolina Press (1937), Chapter 10, pg. 290
Electronic ed. Archived 2011-04-06 at the Wayback Machine: transcribed by Apex Data Services, Inc., Melissa Meeks, and Natalia Smith; Images scanned by Andrew Leiter; 1st ed., Academic Affairs Library, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (2002)

[Coon-7] North Carolina Schools and Academies, 1790–1840; A Documentary History by Charles Lee Coon, Raleigh, North Carolina: Edward & Broughton Printing Company (1915), pg. 529; OCLC 2360464

[8] Advertisement of John B. West, Nashville Banner and Nashville Whig, July 24, 1835

[UNC_Sheet_Music:_How_Dear-9] 19th-Century American Sheet Music at UNC: "How Dear to the Heart" Archived 2014-12-30 at the Wayback Machine
Music by James P. Aykroyd
Poetry by Stephen M. Chester, Esq.
Published by George E. Blake
(1824); OCLC 871260442

[UNC_Sheet_Music:_Yet_Stay-11] 19th-Century American Sheet Music at UNC: "Yet Stay Awhile" Archived 2014-12-30 at the Wayback Machine
Music by James P. Aykroyd
Poetry by James P. Aykroyd
Published by George E. Blake

[UNC_Sheet_Music:_Waltzes-12] 19th-Century American Sheet Music at UNC: "The American and New Orleans Favorite Waltzes" Archived 2014-12-30 at the Wayback Machine
Music by James P. Aykroyd
Composed and dedicated to Miss Caroline Chapman
Published by George E. Blake
(1823); OCLC 22050150, 726900766

[13] Wolfe, pg. 374

[14] Wolfe, pg. 377

[15] Wolfe, pg. 379

[UNC_Sheet_Music:_Blue_Bell-16] "The Blue Bell of Scotland" Archived 2014-12-30 at the Wayback Machine (sans lyrics)
Original lyrics by Anne Grant
(née Anne McVicar; 1755–1838)
Variations arranged for piano or harp
By Jean Tatton Latour (1776–1840)
Published by George E. Blake
(c. 1820); OCLC 68893328, 62711261

[17] Elizabeth's brother, James S. Bettner (died Archived 2011-07-17 at the Wayback Machine testate 1858, Westchester County, New York), acquired a patent of land in Kendall County, Texas, the survey for which bears his name

[Christ_Church_Parish:_Marriage_Records-18] Christ Church Parish, "Marriage Entries," Archived 2014-10-19 at the Wayback Machine James Aykroyd and Elizabeth Bettner, July 12, 1824

[NC_Marriage_Records_1824_New_Bern-19] "North Carolina County Marriages, 1762–1979," Archived 2016-03-04 at the Wayback Machine FamilySearch (accessed 30 December 2014), Jas Aykroyd and Elizabeth Bettner, 12 July 1824; Craven County

[20] "1860 US Census, Davidson County, Tennessee, pg. 402b, line 40, house number 971". Archived from the original on 2021-04-18. Retrieved 2021-10-11.

[21] to of grave marker

[UNC_Dialectic_Society_Catalog-22] Catalogue of the Members of the Dialectic Society Archived 2012-10-11 at the Wayback Machine, Instituted at the University of North Carolina, June 3, 1795, electronic ed., University of North Carolina (1793–1962), Dialectic Society; OCLC 4761249192

[23] "Obituary: Jas. Aykroyd," Nashville Banner and Nashville Whig, July 8, 1835

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PROFILPELAJAR.COM

James P. Aykroyd

Music in North Carolina

Selected compositions

Sample sheet music that Aykroyd sold

Musical family

Miscellany

Death

Notes

References

Works

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