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Giuseppe Saragat
Giuseppe Saragat
	Official portrait, 1971
President of Italy
	In office; 29 December 1964 – 29 December 1971
Prime Minister	Aldo Moro; Giovanni Leone; Mariano Rumor; Emilio Colombo
Preceded by	Antonio Segni
Succeeded by	Giovanni Leone
President of the Constituent Assembly
	In office; 25 June 1946 – 6 February 1947
Preceded by	Office established
Succeeded by	Umberto Terracini
Prime Minister
Ministerial offices
Minister of Foreign Affairs
	In office; 4 December 1963 – 22 July 1964
Prime Minister	Aldo Moro
Preceded by	Attilio Piccioni
Succeeded by	Aldo Moro
Deputy Prime Minister of Italy
	In office; 10 February 1954 – 19 May 1957
Prime Minister	Mario Scelba; Antonio Segni
Preceded by	Attilio Piccioni
Succeeded by	Giuseppe Pella
	In office; 1 June 1947 – 27 January 1950
Prime Minister	Alcide De Gasperi
Preceded by	Office established
Succeeded by	Attilio Piccioni
Constituency
Parliamentary offices
Member of the Senate of the Republic
	Ex officio
	Life tenure; 29 December 1971 – 11 June 1988
Member of the Chamber of Deputies
	In office; 8 May 1948 – 29 December 1964
Constituency	Turin–Novara–Vercelli
Member of the Constituent Assembly
	In office; 25 June 1946 – 31 January 1948
Constituency	Rome
Personal details
Born	19 September 1898; Turin, Italy
Died	11 June 1988 (aged 89); Rome, Italy
Political party	PSU (1922–1930); PSI (1930–1947); PSDI (1947–1988)
Spouse	Giuseppina Bollani (m. 1926; died 1961)
Alma mater	University of Turin

Giuseppe Saragat (Italian pronunciation: [dʒuˈzɛppe ˈsaːraɡat];^[a] 19 September 1898 – 11 June 1988)^[2] was an Italian politician and statesman who served as President of Italy from 1964 to 1971.

Early life

Saragat was born on 19 September 1898 in Turin, Piedmont, Kingdom of Italy, to Sardinian parents. He was a member of the Unitary Socialist Party (Partito Socialista Unitario; PSU) from 1922. He moved to Vienna in 1926 and to France in 1929.

Political career

Following the dissolution of the PSU in 1930, Saragat joined the Italian Socialist Party (Partito Socialista Italiano, PSI). A reformist, he was a democratic socialist who left the PSI in 1947 out of concern over its then-close alliance with the Italian Communist Party. He subsequently founded the Socialist Party of Italian Workers (Partito Socialista dei Lavoratori Italiani, PSLI), which in 1952 became the Italian Democratic Socialist Party (Partito Socialista Democratico Italiano; PSDI). He was to be the paramount leader of the PSDI for the rest of his life.^[3]

In 1944, Saragat had been a minister without portfolio and ambassador in Paris from 1945 to 1946, before he was appointed president of the Constituent Assembly of Italy that same year upon the establishment of the Italian Republic. He was minister of foreign affairs in the Moro I Cabinet and Moro II Cabinet, headed by Christian Democracy leader Aldo Moro from 1963 to late 1964, when he was chosen as President of the Italian Republic. His election demonstrated a rare instance of unity among the Italian left and followed rumours of a possible neo-fascist coup, Piano Solo, during Antonio Segni's presidency.^[3]^[4]

Saragat died in Rome, Lazio, on 11 June 1988. An atheist,^[1] he is said to have become a Catholic and had a religious funeral.^[5]

Electoral history

Election	House	Constituency		Votes	Result
1946	Constituent Assembly	Rome–Viterbo–Latina–Frosinone	PSIUP	29,981	Y Elected
1948	Chamber of Deputies	Turin–Novara–Vercelli	US	31,988	Y Elected
1953	Chamber of Deputies	Turin–Novara–Vercelli	PSDI	16,833	Y Elected
1958	Chamber of Deputies	Turin–Novara–Vercelli	PSDI	12,484	Y Elected
1963	Chamber of Deputies	Turin–Novara–Vercelli	PSDI	24,539	Y Elected

Presidential elections

1964 presidential election (21st ballot)
Candidate		Supported by	Votes	%
	Giuseppe Saragat	PSDI, DC, PSI, PCI, PRI	646	67.1
	Gaetano Martino	PLI	56	5.8
	Augusto De Marsanich	MSI, PDIUM	40	4.1
	Others / Invalid votes		185	19.2
Total			927	100.0

Notes

^ Prescribed pronunciation is [ˈsaːraɡat] but etimologically it would have been [saraˈɡat] from Sardinian surname (of Catalan descent) Saragattu-Mulinas.

References

^ ^a ^b Vespa, Bruno (7 October 2010). L'amore e il potere: da Rachele a Veronica, un secolo di storia italiana (in Italian). Milan: Mondadori. ISBN 978-88-520-1203-7. Retrieved 14 August 2018 – via Google Books.
^ Rizzo, Tito Lucrezio (23 October 2012). Parla il Capo dello Stato: sessanta anni di vita repubblicana attraverso il Quirinale 1946-2006 (in Italian). Rome: Gangemi. ISBN 978-88-492-7460-8. Retrieved 14 August 2018 – via Google Books.
^ ^a ^b "Saragat, Giuseppe". Dizionario di Storia (in Italian). Treccani. 2011. Retrieved 20 April 2013.
^ Hevesi, Dennis (12 June 1988). "Giuseppe Saragat Is Dead at 89; President of Italy From '64 to '71". The New York Times. Retrieved 14 August 2018.
^ Rizzi, Filippo (13 April 2010). "Padre Rotondi e la "conversione" di Saragat". Avvenire (in Italian). Retrieved 23 April 2023.

External links

Newspaper clippings about Giuseppe Saragat in the 20th Century Press Archives of the ZBW
Media related to Giuseppe Saragat at Wikimedia Commons

Political offices
Preceded by Carlo Sforza as President of the National Consult	President of the Constituent Assembly 1946–1947	Succeeded by Umberto Terracini
Position established	Deputy Prime Minister of Italy 1947–1950	Succeeded by Attilio Piccioni
Preceded by Attilio Piccioni	Deputy Prime Minister of Italy 1954–1957	Succeeded by Giuseppe Pella
Preceded by Attilio Piccioni	Minister of Foreign Affairs 1963–1964	Succeeded by Aldo Moro
Preceded by Antonio Segni	President of Italy 1964–1971	Succeeded by Giovanni Leone
Party political offices
Position established	Secretary of the Italian Democratic Socialist Party 1947–1948	Succeeded by Alberto Simonini
Preceded by Ludovico D'Aragona	Secretary of the Italian Democratic Socialist Party 1949–1952	Succeeded by Ezio Vigorelli
Preceded by Giuseppe Romita	Secretary of the Italian Democratic Socialist Party 1952–1954	Succeeded by Gianmatteo Matteotti
Preceded by Gianmatteo Matteotti	Secretary of the Italian Democratic Socialist Party 1957–1964	Succeeded by Mario Tanassi
Preceded by Mario Tanassi	Secretary of the Italian Democratic Socialist Party 1976	Succeeded by Pier Luigi Romita