Gheada

  Gheada
  No gheada

Gheada (IPA: [ħeˈaðɐ]) is a term in Galician to describe the debuccalisation of the voiced velar stop /ɡ/ to a, usually voiceless, back fricative, most often a voiceless pharyngeal fricative [ħ].

Although it is found throughout Galicia, its use is declining in Lugo and eastern Ourense, and it is rarely encountered in education or broadcasting. While it is neither considered incorrect nor stigmatised, it is generally considered appropriate only for familiar rather than formal domains.[1]

Occasionally, the sound is articulated as a voiceless velar fricative [x], as in Castilian jamón.

Orthography

The pronunciation is sometimes indicated by the digraph gh:

Phonetic realizations

Pharyngeal realizations of the gheada are the most common, but there's considerable variation. Speakers from inland villages tend to prefer uvular, pharyngeal, or glottal fricatives, which are often voiced between vowels. In contrast, speakers from coastal villages prefer velar, pharyngeal, or occasional uvular fricatives, which are always voiceless.[2]

Possible systems

There are three different systems of gheada. In the most widespread one, /g/ is pronounced as a voiceless fricative in any position. For example:

gato [hato] 'cat' — un gato [uŋhato] 'a cat' — o gato [ohato] 'the cat' — domingo [domiŋho] 'Sunday'

This system is found in the major cities of Galicia: Santiago, Pontevedra, and A Coruña, as well as in the eastern part of the Province of A Coruña.[3]

Another system has both [g] and voiceless fricative allophones:

gato [hato] 'cat' — un gato [uŋhato] 'a cat' — o gato [ohato] 'the cat' — domingo [domiŋgo] 'Sunday'

In this system, found in the western parts of Ourense and Lugo, northern areas of Pontevedra, and south-eastern areas of A Coruña, [g] is only found after a nasal consonant in the middle of words. Speakers often have trouble recognizing [g] and [h] as allophones of the same phoneme.[4]

A third system has merged -/ng/- into -/nk/-, eliminating the [g] allophone completely:

gato [hato] 'cat' — un gato [uŋhato] 'a cat' — o gato [ohato] 'the cat' — domingo [domiŋko] 'Sunday'

This system is found in the western parts of Galicia, in Fisterra and the Ría de Muros.[5]

See also

References

  1. ^ Thomas (2007:61)
  2. ^ Labraña-Barrero & van Oosterzee (2003:948)
  3. ^ Thomas (2007:61–62)
  4. ^ Thomas (2007:62)
  5. ^ Thomas (2007:62)

Sources

  • Labraña-Barrero, Sabela; van Oosterzee, Carlos (2003). "An Acoustic Approach to Galician Gheada" (PDF). In Solé, M. J.; Recasens, D.; Romero, J. (eds.). Proceedings of the 15th International Congress of Phonetic Sciences. 15th International Congress of Phonetic Sciences. Barcelona: Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona. pp. 945–948. ISBN 1-876346-48-5.
  • Thomas, Juan Antonio (2007). "The Use of Gheada in Three Generations of Women from Carballo, A Coruña" (PDF). In Holmquist, Jonathan; Lorenzino, Augusto; Sayahi, Lotfi (eds.). Selected Proceedings of the Third Workshop on Spanish Sociolinguistics. Somerville, MA: Cascadilla Proceedings Project. pp. 61–73. ISBN 978-1-57473-418-8.


Stub icon

This article related to Galicia is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

Stub icon

This article about Romance languages is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

Read other articles:

Bruno Giordano

Bruno Giordano dengan SS Lazio. Bruno Giordano (lahir pada 13 Agustus 1956) adalah mantan pemain sepak bola Italia dan kini bekerja sebagai pelatih. Giordano lama mengembangkan kariernya di Lazio, dan memulai debutnya pada Liga Serie A pada 5 Oktober 1975. Ia mulai bergabung dengan Italia pada tahun 1978. Bersama Diego Armando Maradona, Giordano turut mengantarkan Napoli mendapatkan gelar juara Serie A Italia pertamanya pada tahun 1987. Selanjutnya ia bermain untuk kesebelasan Bologna dan Asc...

 

 

Guas

Julaftonen av Carl Larsson 1904 Guas atau cat air opak[1] (bahasa Inggris: gouache, Italia guazzo; arti: genangan air) merupakan jenis cat air yang dicampuri selapis warna putih, biasanya diambil dan warna putih seng, litofon atau putih titan.[2] Guas digunakan dalam melukis di warna yang buram, dengan tinta yang dicampur dengan air dan lainnya.[3] Kemudian istilah tersebut juga dipakai untuk menunjuk pada lukisan yang dicat dengan cat guas. Hasil karya lukisan cat air...

 

 

List of Soviet films of the 1960s

Cinema ofthe Soviet Union Russian Empire 1908–1917 Lists of Soviet films 1917–1929 1922 1923 1924 19251926 1927 1928 1929 1930s 1930 1931 1932 1933 19341935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940s 1940 1941 1942 1943 19441945 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950s 1950 1951 1952 1953 19541955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960s 1960 1961 1962 1963 19641965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970s 1970 1971 1972 1973 19741975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980–1991 1980 1981 1982 1983 19841985 1986 1987 1988 1989 19901991 Russian films 1992–vte ...

Bunder, Kabat, Banyuwangi

BunderDesaKantor Desa BunderPeta lokasi Desa BunderNegara IndonesiaProvinsiJawa TimurKabupatenBanyuwangiKecamatanKabatKode pos68461Kode Kemendagri35.10.14.2002 Luas... km²Jumlah penduduk... jiwaKepadatan... jiwa/km² Bunder adalah sebuah nama desa di wilayah Kabat, Kabupaten Banyuwangi, Provinsi Jawa Timur, Indonesia. Pembagian Wilayah Desa Bunder terdiri dari 5 dusun Dusun Kelir Dusun Krajan Dusun Mulyosari Dusun Sangkur Dusun Sruni Galeri Gerbang Desa Bunder Pranala luar Situs resmi P...

 

 

آيت بن إبراهيم (آيت بلحاج ويوان)

  لمعانٍ أخرى، طالع آيت بن إبراهيم (توضيح). آيت بن إبراهيم تقسيم إداري البلد المغرب  الجهة بني ملال خنيفرة الإقليم خنيفرة الدائرة أكلموس الجماعة القروية أم ربيع المشيخة آيت بلحاج ويوان السكان التعداد السكاني 318 نسمة (إحصاء 2004)   • عدد الأسر 51 معلومات أخرى التوقيت ت ...

 

 

List of England national football team hat-tricks

Geoff Hurst scored a hat-trick in the 1966 FIFA World Cup Final, which England won 4–2. Since the inception of international association football matches in 1872, 59 England male footballers have scored three or more goals (a hat-trick) in a game. The first players to score a hat-trick for England were Howard Vaughton and Arthur Alfred Brown, both Aston Villa players; in a friendly match against Ireland in 1882, they scored nine goals between them.[1] Four players, Vaughton, Steve ...

The Terminators (novel)

This article is about the novel. For the 1984 film, see The Terminator. For the 2009 film, see The Terminators (film). For other uses, see Terminator (disambiguation). This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: The Terminators novel – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (March 2024) (Learn ...

 

 

NASCAR Seri Piala Winston musim 1975

NASCAR Seri Piala Winston 1975 Sebelum: 1974 Sesudah: 1976 Richard Petty (foto 2021) meraih gelar keenam pada musim 1975. NASCAR Seri Piala Winston musim 1975 adalah musim ke-27 balap mobil stok profesional di Amerika Serikat dan musim ke-4 di era modern di NASCAR Seri Piala. Musim dimulai pada hari Minggu 19 Januari dan berakhir pada hari Minggu 12 November. Richard Petty, mengemudikan mobil Dodge nomor #43 tim Petty Enterprises STP berhasil meraih gelar Seri Piala keenamnya. Bruce Hill din...

 

 

List of deputy chief ministers of Gujarat

Cabinet position in the Government of Gujarat This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: List of deputy chief ministers of Gujarat – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (September 2018) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Deputy Chief Minister of GujaratEmblem of GujaratIncumbe...

Jonny DeLuca

American baseball player (born 1998) Baseball player Jonny DeLucaDeLuca with the Oklahoma City DodgersTampa Bay Rays – No. 21OutfielderBorn: (1998-07-10) July 10, 1998 (age 25)Thousand Oaks, California, U.S.Bats: RightThrows: RightMLB debutJune 7, 2023, for the Los Angeles DodgersMLB statistics (through 2023 season)Batting average.262Home runs2Runs batted in6 Teams Los Angeles Dodgers (2023) Jonathan Davis DeLuca (born July 10, 1998) is an American professional baseball ...

 

 

Buri (popolo)

BuriIl popolo dei Buri si trovava a nord dei Quadi attorno al 98 d.C., al tempo dello storico Tacito che scrisse De origine et situ Germanorum Nomi alternativiSuevi Buri Sottogruppifaceva parte dei Germani occidentali (Herminones o Suebi[1]) Luogo d'origineAlla fine del I secolo si trovavano a nord della Moravia. Erano vicini dei Quadi (sud), dei Marsigni (ovest) e delle popolazioni celtiche degli Osii e dei Cotini (sud-est).[2] PeriodoDalla fine del I secolo a.C. al III ...

 

 

Jelena Erić (cyclist)

Serbian cyclist (born 1996) For the Serbian handball player, see Jelena Erić (handballer). Jelena ErićErić on 2020 Omloop Het NieuwsbladPersonal informationFull nameJelena ErićBorn (1996-01-15) 15 January 1996 (age 28)Kraljevo, FR Yugoslavia(now Serbia)Height1.63 m (5 ft 4 in)Weight53 kg (117 lb)Team informationCurrent teamMovistar TeamDisciplinesRoadCyclo-crossRoleRiderProfessional teams2015–2017BTC City Ljubljana2018Cylance Pro Cycling2019Alé�...

Oval

Shape For other uses, see Oval (disambiguation). This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Oval – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (June 2012) (Learn how and when to remove this message) An oval (from Latin ovum 'egg') is a closed curve in a plane which resembles the outline of...

 

 

Michael Glinski

Eastern European noble Gliński coat of arms Michael Lvovich Glinsky (Lithuanian: Mykolas Glinskis; Russian: Михаил Львович Глинский; Polish: Michał Gliński; 1460s – 24 September 1534) was a noble from the Grand Duchy of Lithuania of distant Tatar extraction, who was also a tutor of his grand-nephew, Ivan the Terrible. Glinsky was born in Turov. He was a son of prince Lev Borisovich Glinsky (d. 1495), and paternal uncle of Elena Glinskaya. As a young man, Glinsk...

 

 

Clément-Talbot

British motor vehicle manufacturer Clément-Talbot LimitedCompany typePrivate (1903–19)Subsidiary (1919–35)IndustryAutomotiveFounded1903 in London, England[1]FoundersCharles Chetwynd-TalbotDefunct1935; 89 years ago (1935)FateParent company acquired by Rootes Group, became a brandSuccessorSunbeam-Talbot Ltd.HeadquartersNorth Kensington, UKArea servedWorldwideKey peopleAdolphe ClémentCharles Chetwynd-TalbotGeorges RoeschProductsAutomobiles, ambulancesBrandsTalbotP...

Kabupaten Timor Tengah Utara

Kabupaten Timor Tengah Utara Biinmafo[1]KabupatenPerbatasan Indonesia-Timor Leste di Wini LambangMotto: Salu Miomafo Kuluan MaubesPetaKabupaten Timor Tengah UtaraPetaTampilkan peta Kepulauan Sunda KecilKabupaten Timor Tengah UtaraKabupaten Timor Tengah Utara (Indonesia)Tampilkan peta IndonesiaKoordinat: 9°26′48″S 124°28′41″E / 9.4467°S 124.4781°E / -9.4467; 124.4781Negara IndonesiaProvinsiNusa Tenggara TimurTanggal berdiri9 Agustus 1958Das...

 

 

Baylor College of Medicine

Medical school in Houston, Texas This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Baylor College of Medicine – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (June 2023) (Learn how and when to remove this message)Baylor College of MedicineFormer nameUniversity of Dallas Medical Department Baylor University Colle...

 

 

Cornplanter

Seneca war chief and diplomat (1732–1836) For other uses, see Cornplanter (disambiguation). CornplanterGaiänt'wakê, KaintwakonChief Cornplanter, portrait by Frederick Bartoli, 1796Seneca leaderSucceeded byEdward Cornplanter Personal detailsBornabout 1752Canawaugus (now part of Caledonia, Livingston, New YorkDied1836Cornplanter Tract, Warren, PennsylvaniaResting placeElk Township, Warren County, PennsylvaniaRelationsHandsome Lake (half-brother) Guyasutha (uncle).Chainbreaker (nephew)Childr...

العلاقات المجرية المغربية

العلاقات المجرية المغربية المجر المغرب   المجر   المغرب تعديل مصدري - تعديل   العلاقات المجرية المغربية هي العلاقات الثنائية التي تجمع بين المجر والمغرب.[1][2][3][4][5] جدد وزير الشؤون الخارجية والتجارة الهنغاري، بيتر زيجارتو، في 15 نونبر 2023 بال...

 

 

Alfabet Koptik

Alfabet KoptikJenis aksara Alfabet Bahasabahasa KoptikPeriode~300 M sampai abad ke-14 M (Masih digunakan sampai sekarang di gereja Koptik di Mesir dan luar negeri)Arah penulisanKiri ke kananAksara terkaitSilsilahHieroglif MesirProto-SinaiFenisiaAlfabet Yunani dengan pengaruh DemotikAlfabet KoptikAksara kerabatbahasa Nubia kunoAlfabet LatinAlfabet KirilAlfabet ArmeniaISO 15924ISO 15924Copt, 204 , ​KoptikPengkodean UnicodeNama UnicodeCopticRentang UnicodeU+2C80 to U+2CFF U+03E2...