Generative artificial intelligence dependency

Generative artificial intelligence dependency (GAID) is an emerging artificial intelligence disorder where users have a compulsive reliance on AI tools for tasks involving creativity, critical thinking, and emotional support.^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4] The excessive offloading of individual agency to AI may stunt psychosocial development and critical thinking.^[5]

References

^ Chavez Sosa, Janett V; Huancahuire-Vega, Salomon (5 May 2026). "Anxiety and Depression Associated With the Dependent Use of Generative AI in Medical Students: Cross-Sectional Study". JMIR Formative Research. 10 e82667. doi:10.2196/82667. PMC 13143197. PMID 42085672.
^ Kooli, Chokri; Kooli, Youssef; Kooli, Eya (May 2025). "Generative artificial intelligence addiction syndrome: A new behavioral disorder?". Asian Journal of Psychiatry. 107 104476. doi:10.1016/j.ajp.2025.104476. PMID 40174516.
^ Al-Obaydi, Liqaa Habeb; Pikhart, Marcel (February 2026). "Artificial intelligence addiction: exploring the emerging phenomenon of addiction in the AI age". AI & Society. 41 (2): 1577–1593. doi:10.1007/s00146-025-02535-z.
^ Goh, Adalia Y.H.; Hartanto, Andree; Majeed, Nadyanna M. (December 2025). "Generative artificial intelligence dependency: Scale development, validation, and its motivational, behavioral, and psychological correlates". Computers in Human Behavior Reports. 20 100845. doi:10.1016/j.chbr.2025.100845.
^ Schatten, Jeffrey (2026). "Empowerment or Dependency? Generative AI's Dual Impact on Self-Efficacy". Artificial Intelligence and Discourse. Postdisciplinary Studies in Discourse: 71–96. doi:10.1007/978-3-032-07761-5_3. ISBN 978-3-032-07760-8.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: periodical has ISBN (link)

v t e Large language models (LLMs)
List of LLMs AI Companies Benchmarks List of chatbots Foundation model Generative AI
Concepts	Language model NLP NLG Computational linguistics Foundation model Small language model Reasoning model Generative pre-trained transformer Transformer Attention KV cache Context window Tokenization Word embedding Parameter Hyperparameter Autoregression Mixture of experts (MoE) Inference Model compression Knowledge distillation Speculative decoding PagedAttention Neural scaling law Multimodality Open weights
Training, prompting, and alignment	Self-supervised learning Supervised learning Fine-tuning Instruction tuning RLHF Constitutional AI AI alignment AI safety Mechanistic interpretability Prompt engineering In-context learning Chain-of-thought prompting RAG Prompt injection Adversarial machine learning Hallucination Stochastic parrot Glitch token Generative engine optimization
Models	Apertus BERT BLOOM Chinchilla Claude DBRX Gemini Gemma GloVe GLM GPT GPT-J PanGu Granite Jais LaMDA Llama MiMo Minerva Mistral and Mixtral Muse Spark Muse Glimmer Nemotron PaLM Phi Qwen Seq2seq T5 Vicuna Word2vec XLNet
Chatbots and assistants	Amazon Q ChatGPT Character.ai Claude DeepSeek Doubao Ernie Bot GLM Google Gemini Grok Kimi Microsoft Copilot Meta AI Perplexity AI Sparrow You.com
Agents, coding, and applications	AI agent Intelligent agent AutoGPT CrewAI LangChain Manus Model Context Protocol Agent2Agent OpenAI Codex Vibe coding Code generation Question answering Machine translation Text summarization Chatbot Virtual assistant LLMs in higher education
Software	PyTorch TensorFlow Hugging Face Inference engine llama.cpp Ollama SGLang TensorRT-LLM vLLM ONNX OpenVINO Vector database ChromaDB Deep learning software Open-source AI software
Hardware and infrastructure	AI data center AI accelerator GPU CUDA TPU High-bandwidth memory
Benchmarks, evaluation, and detection	Language model benchmark MMLU Humanity's Last Exam LMArena LLM-as-a-Judge Perplexity metric GPTZero Artificial intelligence content detection Undetectable.ai
Datasets and data	Data set Text corpus Common Crawl The Pile Web scraping Synthetic data Training, validation, and test data sets
Organizations	AI21 Labs Alibaba Anthropic Baidu Cohere DeepSeek EleutherAI Google DeepMind Hugging Face Meta AI Microsoft AI Mistral AI MiniMax Moonshot AI Nvidia OpenAI Sarvam AI StepFun Technology Innovation Institute Thinking Machines Lab xAI
People	Sam Altman Dario Amodei Yoshua Bengio Aidan Gomez Demis Hassabis Geoffrey Hinton Andrej Karpathy Yann LeCun Percy Liang Liang Wenfeng Christopher D. Manning Arthur Mensch Mira Murati Alec Radford Noam Shazeer Ilya Sutskever Ashish Vaswani Andrew Ng
Social, economic, and governance	AI boom AI bubble AI slop AI anthropomorphism AI arms race Chatbot psychosis Competition Copyright Deaths linked to chatbots Dependency (GAID) Environmental impact Regulation Ethics Existential risk In education In healthcare Workplace impact
Category:Large language models

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Generative artificial intelligence dependency

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