DRG Class 05

Specifications
Specifications
Configuration:;
• Whyte	4-6-4
• UIC	2′C2′ h3
• German	S 37.19
Driver	Divided: inside cylinder to first coupled axle, outside cylinders to second
Gauge	1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)
Leading dia.	1,100 mm (43+1⁄4 in)
Driver dia.	2,300 mm (90+1⁄2 in)
Trailing dia.	1,100 mm (43+1⁄4 in)
Tender wheels	1,100 mm (43+1⁄4 in)
Wheelbase:
• Axle spacing; (Asymmetrical)	2,350 mm (7 ft 8+1⁄2 in) +; 2,200 mm (7 ft 2+5⁄8 in) +; 2,550 mm (8 ft 4+3⁄8 in) +; 2,550 mm (8 ft 4+3⁄8 in) +; 2,250 mm (7 ft 4+5⁄8 in) +; 2,000 mm (6 ft 6+3⁄4 in) = *;
• Engine	13,900 mm (45 ft 7+1⁄4 in)
• Tender	1,800 mm (5 ft 10+7⁄8 in) +; 1,450 mm (4 ft 9+1⁄8 in) +; 1,325 mm (4 ft 4+1⁄8 in) +; 1,325 mm (4 ft 4+1⁄8 in) =; 5,900 mm (19 ft 4+1⁄4 in);
• incl. tender	22,075 mm (72 ft 5+1⁄8 in)
Length:;
• Over headstocks	24,965 mm (81 ft 10+7⁄8 in)
• Over buffers	26,265 mm (86 ft 2 in)
Height	4,550 mm (14 ft 11+1⁄8 in)
Axle load	001–002: 19.2 t (18.9 long tons; 21.2 short tons); 003: 19.6 t (19.3 long tons; 21.6 short tons), later 18.6 t (18.3 long tons; 20.5 short tons);
Adhesive weight	001–002: 57.6 t (56.7 long tons; 63.5 short tons); 003: 59.0 t (58.1 long tons; 65.0 short tons), later 56.0 t (55.1 long tons; 61.7 short tons);
Empty weight	001–002: 118.5 t (116.6 long tons; 130.6 short tons); 003: 118.6 t (116.7 long tons; 130.7 short tons), later 114.0 t (112.2 long tons; 125.7 short tons);
Service weight	001–002: 129.9 t (127.8 long tons; 143.2 short tons); 003: 129.5 t (127.5 long tons; 142.7 short tons), later 124.0 t (122.0 long tons; 136.7 short tons);
Tender type	001–002: 2′3 T 37 St; 003: 2′3K T 35, later 2′3 T 38.5;
Fuel type	Coal (Coal dust for 003 1937–1944)
Fuel capacity	001–002: 10 t (9.8 long tons; 11 short tons); 003: 10 t (9.8 long tons; 11 short tons), later 12 t (12 long tons; 13 short tons);
Water cap.	001–002: 2′3 T 37 St; 003: 2′3K T 35, later 2′3 T 38.5; 37 m3 (8,100 imp gal; 9,800 US gal)
Firebox:
• Grate area	001–002: 4.7 m2 (51 sq ft); 003: 4.40 m2 (47.4 sq ft);
Boiler:;
• Pitch	3,170 mm (10 ft 4+3⁄4 in)
• Tube plates	001–002: 7,000 mm (22 ft 11+5⁄8 in); 003: 5,500 mm (18 ft 1⁄2 in);
• Small tubes	001–002: 70 mm (2+3⁄4 in), 106 off; 003: 54 mm (2+1⁄8 in), 137 off;
• Large tubes	001–002: 171 mm (6+3⁄4 in), 24 off; 003: 143 mm (5+5⁄8 in), 35 off;
Boiler pressure	20 bar (20.4 kgf/cm2; 290 psi) (reduced to 16 bar (16.3 kgf/cm2; 232 psi) in 1950)
Heating surface:
• Firebox	001–002: 18.5 m2 (199 sq ft); 003: 22.66 m2 (243.9 sq ft);
• Tubes	001–002: 151.3 m2 (1,629 sq ft); 003: 123.52 m2 (1,329.6 sq ft);
• Flues	001–002: 86.2 m2 (928 sq ft); 003: 81.72 m2 (879.6 sq ft);
• Total surface	001–002: 256.0 m2 (2,756 sq ft); 003: 227.95 m2 (2,453.6 sq ft);
Superheater:;
• Heating area	001–002: 90.0 m2 (969 sq ft); 003: 81.9 m2 (882 sq ft);
Cylinders	Three
Cylinder size	450 mm × 660 mm (17+11⁄16 in × 26 in)
Valve gear	Heusinger/Walschaerts

Type and origin
Type and origin
Power type	Steam
Builder	Borsig Lokomotiv Werke (Hennigsdorf)
Serial number	14552–14553, 14555
Build date	1935 (2), 1937 (1)
Total produced	3

DRG Class 05
DB Class 05
DRG Class 05 ; DB Class 05
	05 002 at Brockhaus, 1938
Power type
Type and origin
Power type	Steam
Builder	Borsig Lokomotiv Werke (Hennigsdorf)
Serial number	14552–14553, 14555
Build date	1935 (2), 1937 (1)
Total produced	3
Configuration:;
Specifications
Configuration:;
• Whyte	4-6-4
• UIC	2′C2′ h3
• German	S 37.19
Driver	Divided: inside cylinder to first coupled axle, outside cylinders to second
Gauge	1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)
Leading dia.	1,100 mm (43+1⁄4 in)
Driver dia.	2,300 mm (90+1⁄2 in)
Trailing dia.	1,100 mm (43+1⁄4 in)
Tender wheels	1,100 mm (43+1⁄4 in)
Wheelbase:
• Axle spacing; (Asymmetrical)	2,350 mm (7 ft 8+1⁄2 in) +; 2,200 mm (7 ft 2+5⁄8 in) +; 2,550 mm (8 ft 4+3⁄8 in) +; 2,550 mm (8 ft 4+3⁄8 in) +; 2,250 mm (7 ft 4+5⁄8 in) +; 2,000 mm (6 ft 6+3⁄4 in) = *;
• Engine	13,900 mm (45 ft 7+1⁄4 in)
• Tender	1,800 mm (5 ft 10+7⁄8 in) +; 1,450 mm (4 ft 9+1⁄8 in) +; 1,325 mm (4 ft 4+1⁄8 in) +; 1,325 mm (4 ft 4+1⁄8 in) =; 5,900 mm (19 ft 4+1⁄4 in);
• incl. tender	22,075 mm (72 ft 5+1⁄8 in)
Length:;
• Over headstocks	24,965 mm (81 ft 10+7⁄8 in)
• Over buffers	26,265 mm (86 ft 2 in)
Height	4,550 mm (14 ft 11+1⁄8 in)
Axle load	001–002: 19.2 t (18.9 long tons; 21.2 short tons); 003: 19.6 t (19.3 long tons; 21.6 short tons), later 18.6 t (18.3 long tons; 20.5 short tons);
Adhesive weight	001–002: 57.6 t (56.7 long tons; 63.5 short tons); 003: 59.0 t (58.1 long tons; 65.0 short tons), later 56.0 t (55.1 long tons; 61.7 short tons);
Empty weight	001–002: 118.5 t (116.6 long tons; 130.6 short tons); 003: 118.6 t (116.7 long tons; 130.7 short tons), later 114.0 t (112.2 long tons; 125.7 short tons);
Service weight	001–002: 129.9 t (127.8 long tons; 143.2 short tons); 003: 129.5 t (127.5 long tons; 142.7 short tons), later 124.0 t (122.0 long tons; 136.7 short tons);
Tender type	001–002: 2′3 T 37 St; 003: 2′3K T 35, later 2′3 T 38.5;
Fuel type	Coal (Coal dust for 003 1937–1944)
Fuel capacity	001–002: 10 t (9.8 long tons; 11 short tons); 003: 10 t (9.8 long tons; 11 short tons), later 12 t (12 long tons; 13 short tons);
Water cap.	001–002: 2′3 T 37 St; 003: 2′3K T 35, later 2′3 T 38.5; 37 m3 (8,100 imp gal; 9,800 US gal)
Firebox:
• Grate area	001–002: 4.7 m2 (51 sq ft); 003: 4.40 m2 (47.4 sq ft);
Boiler:;
• Pitch	3,170 mm (10 ft 4+3⁄4 in)
• Tube plates	001–002: 7,000 mm (22 ft 11+5⁄8 in); 003: 5,500 mm (18 ft 1⁄2 in);
• Small tubes	001–002: 70 mm (2+3⁄4 in), 106 off; 003: 54 mm (2+1⁄8 in), 137 off;
• Large tubes	001–002: 171 mm (6+3⁄4 in), 24 off; 003: 143 mm (5+5⁄8 in), 35 off;
Boiler pressure	20 bar (20.4 kgf/cm2; 290 psi) (reduced to 16 bar (16.3 kgf/cm2; 232 psi) in 1950)
Heating surface:
• Firebox	001–002: 18.5 m2 (199 sq ft); 003: 22.66 m2 (243.9 sq ft);
• Tubes	001–002: 151.3 m2 (1,629 sq ft); 003: 123.52 m2 (1,329.6 sq ft);
• Flues	001–002: 86.2 m2 (928 sq ft); 003: 81.72 m2 (879.6 sq ft);
• Total surface	001–002: 256.0 m2 (2,756 sq ft); 003: 227.95 m2 (2,453.6 sq ft);
Superheater:;
• Heating area	001–002: 90.0 m2 (969 sq ft); 003: 81.9 m2 (882 sq ft);
Cylinders	Three
Cylinder size	450 mm × 660 mm (17+11⁄16 in × 26 in)
Valve gear	Heusinger/Walschaerts
Maximum speed
Performance figures
Maximum speed	Service: 175 km/h (109 mph); Test: 200.4 km/h (124.5 mph);
Indicated power	001–002: 2,360 PS (1,740 kW; 2,330 hp); 003: 2,400 PS (1,770 kW; 2,370 hp);
Numbers
Career
Numbers	05 001 – 05 003
Retired	1958
Disposition	One preserved, remainder scrapped
	* For 05 003 in cab-forward configuation, values should be read in reverse order

The Deutsche Reichsbahn's Class 05 was a German class of three express passenger steam locomotives of 4-6-4 wheel arrangement in the Whyte notation, or 2′C2′ h3 in the UIC notation used in continental Europe. They were part of the DRG's standard locomotive (Einheitslokomotive) series.

Pre World War II history

Since the success of the diesel high speed trains like the Flying Hamburger in the middle of the 1930s, the German locomotive industry turned to faster steam locomotives. After speed tests with a streamlined DRG Class 03 the Borsig locomotive factories^[i] produced three engines:

05 001 as streamlined in 1935
05 002 as streamlined in 1935; This engine broke the world speed record in 1936 at 124.5 mph (200.4 km/h)
05 003 as cab forward streamlined in 1937 ^[1]

The locomotives did regular service in FD express passenger trains, e.g. FD 23 from Hamburg to Berlin. The design speed was 175 km/h (109 mph). In 1944, the streamline plates were removed. 05 003 had been rebuilt and lost the cab forward design.

World high speed records

05 001 and 05 002 were mainly used for test runs from 1935 to 1936. Most of these runs were made on complete journeys between Hamburg and Berlin. On 7 June 1935 the 05 002 made a top speed of 191.7 km/h (119.1 mph) near Berlin. The same engine made six more runs with more than 177 km/h (110 mph) with trains up to 254 t (250 long tons; 280 short tons) weight. On 11 May 1936 it set the world speed record for steam locomotives after reaching 200.4 km/h (124.5 mph) on the Berlin–Hamburg line hauling a 197 t (194 long tons; 217 short tons) train. The engine power was more than 2,535 kW (3,399 ihp)). This record was broken two years later by the British LNER Class A4 4468 Mallard engine, on a slightly downhill line but with a heavier (240 ton) train. This record was set between Little Bytham and Essendine in South Lincolnshire.

On 30 May 1936 the 05 002 set an unbroken start stop speed record for steam locomotives: During the return run from a 190 km/h test Berlin-Hamburg it did the ~113 kilometres (70 miles) from Wittenberge to a signal stop before Berlin-Spandau in 48 min 32 s, meaning 139.4 km/h (86.6 mph) average between start and stop.

Post-War history

After World War II, the three engines came to the engine shop in Hamm, Westphalia. Since there were only three specimens of the 05, DB thought to scrap them. But then the engines were sent to Krauss-Maffei to be restored. 05 003 went into regular service in 1950, the other two in 1951. Boiler pressure was reduced to 16 bar or 230 psi, hence the engines lost some of their old power. All three locomotives were used to haul express trains until 1958.

Mostly the 05 hauled the FD (long-distance express) trains "Hanseat" and "Domspatz" on the run Hamburg - Cologne - Frankfurt. The regular top speed of the trains was 140 km/h (87 mph). On this 703 km (437 mi) run the 05 operated trains did the longest run with steam traction in the DB network. July 1958 the 05 were replaced by the diesel-hydraulic DB class V 200.

05 001 went to the Verkehrsmuseum Nürnberg, where it can be seen streamlined in large parts - the drivetrain on the right hand side remains visible - in its original red livery. The other two locomotives were scrapped in 1960.

Gallery

05 001 on delivery
The streamlined cab forward 05 003
05 001 in the Nuremberg Transport Museum

Notes

^ The Borsig factory was moved from Tegel to Hennigsdorf after the takeover of Borsig by AEG, and production took place at both sites.

References

^ Douglas Self. "cab forward 05 003".

Weisbrod, Manfred; Müller, Hans; Petznik, Wolfgang (1976). Dampflokomotiven deutscher Eisenbahnen, Baureihe 01–39 (EFA 1.1) (in German) (3rd ed.). Düsseldorf: Alba Buchverlag. pp. 56–63. ISBN 3-87094-081-6.