The first wooden Corpus Christi church was built in 1510 by Petr Kishka who owned Nesvizh in the early 16th century. In 1555 Nikolai Cherniy Radziwiłł (lit. 'the Black') gave the church to the Calvinists.[3]
The stone Corpus Christi church was founded by Mikołaj Krzysztof "the Orphan" Radziwiłł, who decided to return it to Catholicism.[3] On August 19, 1584, he signed a document allowing the Society of Jesus to stay in the city of Nesvizh.[4] The architect Giovanni Maria Bernardoni was invited to head the construction of the collegium and the church. He was inspired by the Church of the Gesù in Rome. However, he died in Kraków in 1605 and the dome of the Nesvizh church was completed by his apprentice Giuseppe Brisio. The nave is 17.8 m (58 ft) high and the dome is almost two times higher. The frescoes widely used compositions by Peter Paul Rubens. The first mass was chanted on November 1, 1593.[5][6]
The altar was painted by the Radziwiłłs' court artist, Ksavery Dominik Gesksky. He also restored the dome between 1752 and 1754. In 1747 Italian artist Maurizio Pedetti [it] built a chapel near the church for Thaddeus Bulgarin's grandfather.
During World War II in 1944 the building was hit by a bomb, which destroyed the roof and started a fire. The church was restored after the war.[5]
The church's organ was constructed in the 19th century by a master from Vilnius, Vishnevsky. It survived the wars due to the efforts of its priest Grigoriy Kolosovsky and the organist Edvard Girdo. When in 1944 the retreating German troops took all the nonferrous metals and ordered the instrument to be dismantled and transported to Germany, Kolosovsky managed to take it off the train and return it to the church by bribing the train's accountant. Girdo then buried the pipes in the ground and dug them up only after the war's end.[7]
21st century
The last burial took place on June 8, 2000, when Antoniy Nikolay Radziwiłł's ashes were taken from London to the church's Radziwiłł crypt.[3]
In 2010 the authorities started the church's restoration. The restorers discovered a piece of the bomb that hit the building in 1944. They also found out that after the war there was a shortage of materials, and in order to save the church the locals installed cut telegraph poles instead of the destroyed rafters, which preserved the unique interiors into the 21st century. Also in 2010, the restorers discovered medieval paintings under layers of plaster. After some research it turned out that the whole interior of the church was fully covered with frescoes; almost 80 % are well-preserved.[5]
^ abAndrzej Piotrowski, Architecture of Thought. University of Minnesota Press, 2011, p.142-143, 297-298.
^ abc"Фарный костел" [Corpus Christi Church, Nesvizh] (in Russian). Nesvizh district executive committee official site. 2019-02-17. Retrieved 2022-01-29.
^Mariusz Karpowicz. Baroque in Poland. Arkady, 1991. P. 20.
