Copper-clad steel (CCS), also known as copper-covered steel or the trademarked name Copperweld is a bi-metallic product, mainly used in the wire industry that combines the high mechanical strength of steel with the conductivity and corrosion resistance of copper.
It is mainly used for grounding purposes, line tracing to locate underground utilities, drop wire of telephone cables,[1] and inner conductor of coaxial cables, including thin hookup cables like RG-174 and CATV cable. It is also used in some antennas for RF conducting wires.
The first recorded attempt to make copper clad steel wire took place in the early 1860s.[2] Although for over 100 years people had been suggesting various ways of uniting copper and steel, it was not until the period mentioned that Farmer and Milliken tried wrapping a strip of copper about a steel wire. American engineers in 1883 and again in the 1890s made attempts to produce a copper-steel wire, in one instance at least, by electroplating copper on steel.[1]
The Duplex Metals Co. traces its beginning to John Ferreol Monnot between 1900 and 1905. He had been very interested in the work of Mr. Martin in Paris.
Copper-clad steel wire find applications in grounding, connection of ground rods to metallic structures, ground grid meshes, substations, power installations, and lightning arresters. This wire is also sometimes used for power transmission.
Copper coated welding wire has become common since wire welding equipment has become popular.
Copper-clad steel is occasionally used for making durable radio antennas, where its HF conductivity is nearly identical to a same-diameter solid copper conductor. It is most often used in antennas with long spans of unsupported wire, which need extra strength to withstand high tension which would cause solid copper or aluminum wire to break or stretch excessively.
The main properties of these conductors include:
Since the outer conductor layer is low-impedance copper, and only the center is higher impedance steel, the skin effect gives RF transmission lines with heavy copper-cladding a low impedance at high frequencies, equivalent to that of a solid copper wire.
Tensile strength of copper-clad steel conductors is greater than that of ordinary copper conductors permitting greater span lengths than with copper.
Another advantage is that smaller diameter copper-clad steel conductors may be used in coaxial cables, permitting higher impedance and smaller cable diameter than with copper conductors of similar strength.
Due to the inseparable union of the two metals and the low amount of the more costly one, it deters theft since copper recovery is impractical and thus has very little scrap value.
Installations with copper-clad steel conductors are generally accepted as fulfilling the legal specifications for a good electrical ground. For this reason its use is preferred by industrial companies and utilities when cost is a concern.
Lambang Viipuri Provinsi Viipuri (bahasa Finlandia: Viipurin lääni, biasa disingkat Vpl, bahasa Swedia: Viborgs län atau Wiborgs län) merupakan sebuah provinsi di Finlandia dari tahun 1812 hingga 1945. Pendahulu dari provinsi ini adalah Kegubernuran Vyborg, yang didirikan pada tahun 1744 dari wilayah-wilayah serahan oleh Imperium Swedia ke Rusia pada tahun 1721 (Perjanjian Nystad) dan tahun 1743 (Perjanjian Åbo). Wilayah-wilayah ini asalnya adalah bagian dari County Viborg dan Nyslo…
Alejandro Balas Rey seléucida Moneda acuñada por Alejandro Balas con su cara.Reinado hacia 150-146 a. C.Predecesor Demetrio I SóterSucesor Demetrio II NicátorInformación personalFallecimiento 146 a. C.FamiliaDinastía SeléucidaPadre Supuestamente Antíoco IV EpífanesConsorte Cleopatra TeaHijos Antíoco VI Dioniso[editar datos en Wikidata] Alejandro Balas de la dinastía seléucida, fue rey de Siria desde c. 150-146 a. C. Supuesto hijo de Antíoco IV…
Sporting event delegationThailand at theParalympicsIPC codeTHANPCParalympic Committee of ThailandWebsitewww.paralympicthai.com (in Thai and English)Medals Gold 24 Silver 29 Bronze 34 Total 87 Summer appearances19841988199219962000200420082012201620202024 Thailand made its Paralympic Games début at the 1984 Summer Paralympics in Stoke Mandeville and New York City, with competitors in athletics, lawn bowls and swimming. The country has participated in every subsequent edition of the Summer P…
みおつくしプロムナード 中央公会堂のライトアップ 市役所のライトアップ OSAKA光のルネサンス(おおさか ひかりのルネサンス)は毎年12月に大阪市北区中之島の大阪市役所前〜中之島公園で開催されるOSAKA光のルネサンス実行委員会主催のイルミネーションイベント。御堂筋イルミネーションと共に、2013年にスタートした大阪市中心部における光プログラム「大阪・光の…
Seri Dragon BallGambar sampul Pertarungan Antar Jagoan.MangaAlbum nomor15EpisodeDragon Ball SagaDidahului olehStrategi SelanjutnyaDiikuti denganPertarungan Antara Naga dan HarimauDiterbitkan di Jepang1984Diterbitkan di Indonesia1993 Pertarungan Antar Jagoan adalah jilid ke-15 manga Dragon Ball. lbsSeri Dragon BallDiterbitkan oleh Elex Media KomputindoGoku dan Kawan-Kawannya • Kemelut Dragon Ball • Tenkaichi Budokai Dimulai • Pendekar Tangguh • Teror Mussle Tower • Kegagalan Burma • P…
Портрет графині Юлії Самойлової з вихованкою Джованіною Пачіні та арапчатком Автор Карл Брюллов Час створення 1832—34 Матеріал Полотно Техніка Олійний живопис Місцезнаходження Музей Хіллвуд (Вашингтон, Сполучені Штати Америки) «Портрет графині Юлії Самойлової з вихованк
American author known as The Pioneer Woman This biography of a living person relies too much on references to primary sources. Please help by adding secondary or tertiary sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately, especially if potentially libelous or harmful.Find sources: Ree Drummond – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (October 2014) (Learn how and when to remove this tem…
ШмартноŠmartno|coordinates_footnotes= |coor_pinpoint= Шмартно Основні дані 46°00′16″ пн. ш. 13°33′17″ сх. д. / 46.00454507202777421° пн. ш. 13.55496481302777667° сх. д. / 46.00454507202777421; 13.55496481302777667Координати: 46°00′16″ пн. ш. 13°33′17″ сх. д. / 46.00454507202777421° пн. ш. 13.55496481302777667…
La clasificación de las plantas nace de la necesidad de obtener un orden en la enorme diversidad de los organismos vegetales propios del reino Plantae y se resuelve mediante los sistemas de clasificación. Históricamente, la clasificación de las plantas se realizó de acuerdo con la presencia, ausencia y forma de órganos fundamentales, como raíces, tallos, hojas, flores y frutos, o de acuerdo con la presencia de uno o dos cotiledones en la germinación de la semilla, así como en la descrip…
Claire WaldoffInformasi latar belakangNama lahirClara WortmannLahir(1884-10-21)21 Oktober 1884Gelsenkirchen, Westphalia, Kekaisaran JermanMeninggal22 Januari 1957(1957-01-22) (umur 72)Bad Reichenhall, Bavaria,Jerman BaratGenreKabaret, Music hall, Operetta, Revue, Musik SchlagerPekerjaanPenyanyi, aktrisInstrumenVokalTahun aktif1903–1942Claire Waldoff (21 Oktober 1884 - 22 Januari 1957), lahir Clara Wortmann, adalah seorang penyanyi asal Jerman. Ia adalah penyanyi kabaret dan penghibur yang…
Superego mempunyai bagian yang paling besar Superego adalah bagian moral atau etis dari kepribadian.[1] Menurut referensi lain Superego adalah aspek kepribadian yang menampung semua standar internalisasi moral dan cita-cita yang kita peroleh dari kedua orang tua dan masyarakat, penentuan nilai benar dan salah dalam segala sesuatu.[2] Superego ini merupakan perwujudan internal dari nilai-nilai dan cita-cita tradisional masyarakat, sebagaimana diterangkan orang tua kepada anak dan …
Chilean politician For other uses, see Isabel Allende (disambiguation). In this Spanish name, the first or paternal surname is Allende and the second or maternal family name is Bussi. This article is about the Chilean politician. For the Chilean author, see Isabel Allende. María Isabel AllendeIsabel Allende in August 2011President of the Chilean SenateIn office11 March 2014 (2014-03-11) – 11 March 2015 (2015-03-11)DeputyEugenio TumaPreceded byJor…
عنكبوت الماء مونمون水グモもんもんMizugumo Monmonملصق الفيلممعلومات عامةالتصنيف فلم رسوم متحركة قصير الصنف الفني فيلم مغامرة — فيلم رسوم متحركة — فيلم عائلي تاريخ الصدور 3 يناير 2006مدة العرض 15 دقيقةاللغة الأصلية اليابانية البلد اليابان الطاقمالمخرج هاياو ميازاكي السيناريو هاياو مي…
Cinema of Sri Lanka List of Sri Lankan films 1940s 1947 1948 1949 1950s 1950 1951 1952 1953 19541955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960s 1960 1961 1962 1963 19641965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970s 1970 1971 1972 1973 19741975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980s 1980 1981 1982 1983 19841985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990s 1990 1991 1992 1993 19941995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000s 2000 2001 2002 2003 20042005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010s 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020s 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 20…
This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Vishal Film Factory – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (July 2022) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)Indian film studio Vishal Film FactoryTypePrivateIndustryEntertainmentFounded2013FounderVishal Krishna ReddyHeadquartersChennai, India…
Iranian Greco-Roman wrestler Not to be confused with Ali Akbar Yousefi (footballer). Ali Akbar YousofiPersonal informationNative nameعلیاکبر یوسفیNationalityIranianBorn (1997-04-30) 30 April 1997 (age 26)Babol, Mazandaran, IranWebsiteOfficial Instagram ProfileSportCountry IranSportGreco-Roman WrestlingWeight class130 kg Medal record Men's Greco-Roman wrestling Representing Iran World Championships 2021 Oslo 130 kg World Cup 2022 Baku Team Asian Championsh…
Bangladeshi scholar, politician and social reformer MoulviIbrahim Ali ChatuliChatuliইব্রাহীম আলী চতুলীEducation Minister of Assam Legislative CouncilIn office1938–1941Member of the Assam and later the East Bengal Legislative AssemblyIn office1946–1954Preceded byMoulvi Abdus SalamSucceeded byMokbul HossainConstituencySylhet Sadar-N PersonalBorn1894Haratail, Barachatul Union, Kanaighat, Sylhet District, British RajDied1984 (aged 89–90)Sylhet, Banglade…
Third Cabinet of Konrad AdenauerCabinet Adenauer III3rd Cabinet of the Federal Republic of Germany29 October 1957 – 17 October 1961(until 14 November 1961 as caretaker government)Date formed29 October 1957 (1957-10-29)Date dissolved17 October 1961 (1961-10-17)(3 years, 11 months, 2 weeks and 4 days)People and organisationsPresidentTheodor HeussChancellorKonrad AdenauerVice-ChancellorLudwig ErhardMember partiesChristian Democratic UnionChristian…
Behaviour of travelling radio wavesFor the journal, see Radio Propagation (journal). Part of a series onAntennas Common types Dipole Fractal Loop Monopole Satellite dish Television Whip Components Balun Block upconverter Coaxial cable Counterpoise (ground system) Feed Feed line Low-noise block downconverter Passive radiator Receiver Rotator Stub Transmitter Tuner Twin-lead Systems Antenna farm Amateur radio Cellular network Hotspot Municipal wireless network Radio Radio masts and towers Wi-Fi Wi…
Ôn Thành Hoàng hậu溫成皇后Tống Nhân Tông Hoàng hậu Thông tin chungSinh1024Vĩnh An, Hà NamMất1054Khai PhongAn tángÔn Thành Hoàng hậu viên(温成皇后园)Phối ngẫuTống Nhân TôngTriệu TrinhHậu duệ Hậu duệ Đặng Quốc công chúaTrấn Quốc công chúaĐường Quốc công chúa Thụy hiệuÔn Thành hoàng hậu(溫成皇后)Tước hiệu[Ngự thị; 御侍][Thanh Hà quận quân;清河郡君][Tài nhân; 才人][Tu viên; 修媛][Mỹ nhân…
Lokasi Pengunjung: 3.141.42.250