It contains over 100 aquatic species making it the second most diverse stream in North America. Known for its excellent bream, catfish, and crappie fishing, portions of the bayou are considered some of the best kept secrets of Arkansas anglers.
At Beekman, Louisiana, the bayou has a mean annual discharge of 1,985 cubic feet per second.[3]
History
Bayou Bartholomew
The present bayou bed was formed by the waters of the Arkansas River during a period when it was constantly changing courses. Approximately 1,800 to 2,200 years ago, the river diverted from the present area of the bayou, and the leisurely bayou began to develop in the old river bed. Prior to construction of railroad lines in the area in the late 19th century, it was the most important stream for transportation in the interior Delta. Dr. Charles McDermott and his brother from the Bayou Sara in Louisiana developed a plantation on the site in 1844.[4] The bayou allowed the development of one of the richest timber and agricultural industries in the Delta area.
The John P. Fisher House (or Moats House) was once a plantation worked by enslaved black people, located alongside the shores of Bayou Bartholomew.[5]
Once a pristine stream, it is now polluted, log-jammed, and over-sedimented in certain sections. In 1995, Curtis Merrell of Monticello in Drew County organized the Bayou Bartholomew Alliance to "restore and preserve the natural beauty" of the bayou.[citation needed] With help from the Alliance, many government organizations (such as the Arkansas Game and Fish Commission, Arkansas Soil and Water Conservation Commission, Arkansas Department of Environmental Quality, USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service, Environmental Protection Agency, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service), Ducks Unlimited, and the public, the bayou may eventually reclaim some of its grandeur. Projects underway include monitoring water quality, planting trees for buffer zones, restoring riparian sites ruined by clear-cutting, trash removal, removing log jams, bank stabilization, building boat ramps, and encouraging no-till farming.[citation needed]
^"Bayou Bartholomew". Encyclopedia of Arkansas. Butler Center for Arkansas Studies. Archived from the original on 24 September 2014. Retrieved 9 August 2014.
^U.S. Geological Survey. National Hydrography Dataset high-resolution flowline data. The National MapArchived 2012-03-29 at the Wayback Machine, accessed June 3, 2011
^Atkinson, J. H., and Charles McDermott. “A Memoir of Charles McDermott, A Pioneer of Southeastern Arkansas.” The Arkansas Historical Quarterly, vol. 12, no. 3, 1953, pp. 253–61. JSTOR website Retrieved 10 July 2023.
