Arema Football Club is an Indonesian professional football club based in Malang, East Java. The club competes in the Liga 1, the top flight of Indonesian Football. They are considered one of the best and most successful football clubs in the country, and are nicknamed "Singo Edan" ("The Mad Lions" in Javanese).[1]
History
The fabled origin of Arema's name
The name Arema refers to a legendary figure in Malang folklore called Kebo Arema who was a knight in King Kertanegara of Singhasari's court when the latter ruled the kingdom in the 13th century. The kingdom's name relates to the contemporary Singosari district of Malang Regency, located a few miles north of Malang city. According to the folklore song of Panji Wijayakrama, Kebo Arema quashed a revolt by Kelana Bhayangkara until all the rebels were crushed like leaves eaten by caterpillars. In the ancient book of Negarakertagama, Kebo Arema also was cited as the one who ended the Cayaraja rebellion. Kebo Arema also led expansionary campaigns for Kertanegara. Together with Mahisa Anengah, Kebo Arema conquered the Pamalayu Kingdom on Sumatra island centered in what is now known as Jambi province in order to have access to the Malacca Strait. The heroism of Kebo Arema is little known because history books focus on the achievements of Kertanegara as the most prominent Singhasari king.
In the '80s
The name Arema reappeared in Malang around the 1980s. While it is unclear that the revival had anything to do with Kebo Arema, the name became popular among the youth in Malang who had developed a subculture. Arema is an acronym of Arek Malang, which means Youths of Malang. The Arema subculture has distinct identities, symbols and even languages that differentiates it from the main culture in the East Java province. It is often seen as a cultural challenge to the youth culture in the provincial capital of Surabaya.
Arema was established during the peak of this subculture, on 11 August 1987, with a goal of developing professional football club in Malang. At that time, the existing Malang club, Persema Malang, depended on government budget. A professional Malang club was the brainchild of Indonesian Army Brigadier General Acub Zaenal, who was active in the PSSI, and administered the country's first professional football competition Galatama, and Dirk Sutrisno, the founder of the Armada'86, who wanted to upgrade his team. The original name was Aremada, a combination of Armada and Arema, before becoming Arema'86. However, financial difficulties delayed the official incorporation of the Arema Football Club, until Acub Zaenal rescued the cause and paved way for Arema's participation in Galatama.
Because its establishment was during the horoscope period of Leo, Arema chose the symbol of the lion, or singo (in Javanese language), which also constitutes the front part of the Singhasari or Singosari kingdom's name.
Galatama era
At the beginning of Arema's Galatama participation, the guerrilla-style search for professional-quality players took place. Arema tried to convince players of existing clubs to join, including Maryanto from Persema, Kusnadi Kamaludin from Armada, Mahdi Haris from Arseto, Jamrawi and Yohanes Geohera from Mitra Surabaya and goalkeeper Dony Latuperisa who was then undergoing PSSI suspension. A former national team coach Sinyo Aliandoe also agreed to join. For their first accommodation, Arema players used military barracks provided by the air force at Malang's Abdul Rachman Saleh Airport. The airbase's field was also used as a training ground.
Arema's Galatama achievements were initially erratic, although it never inhabited the bottom of the table. Nevertheless, Arema won the 1992 Galatama competition. At that time, the players included Indonesia national football team regulars Aji Santoso, Mecky Tata, Singgih Pitono and Jamrawi. Ever since, Arema has been considered part of the elite group with fanatical supporters, especially those who embody the youth sub-culture in Malang.
Liga Indonesia era
During the Liga Indonesia (abbreviated as Ligina) years from 1994 to 2007, Arema entered the advanced round seven times, including six times in the top 8 (1999–2000, 2001, 2002, 2005, 2006, and 2007). Despite its stable achievements, Arema was not free from financial problems. In 2003, Arema experienced severe financial difficulties, which affected the team's performance. This led to the management being handed over to the cigarette manufacturing company Bentoel Group, which runs a factory near Malang, in the middle of the 2003 season. However, Arema still could not escape relegation to the Ligina's second-tier. That said, Bentoel financing helped Arema to bounce back and win promotion in 2004. After its return to the top league, Arema won the national cup consecutively in 2005 and 2006. Arema's U-18 team also won the Soeratin Cup, the country's main youth tournament, in 2007. In 2006 and 2007, Arema and its coach Benny Dollo received awards from Tabloid Bola, Indonesia's leading sports publication.
After another conflict in Indonesia's football league administration, the first Indonesia Super League competition, the 2008–09 edition came with Arema disappointingly finishing 10th. Two months later, the Bentoel Group sold Arema to a group of fans and investors concerned about the club's performance and future.[2] The release was also a by-product of the sale of majority shares owned by the Bentoel Group to the British American Tobacco (BAT). Before that, there was a discourse of merging Arema with Persema Malang, but supporters objected this plan. In the 2009–10 season of ISL, Arema, which was coached by Robert Alberts, won the title.[3] Arema had a knack of coming back stronger after taking a hit, which endears it to its loyal band of supporters who accompany the team wherever they go.
Dualism era (2011–2014)
Indonesian football experienced its worst spell of management after Arema's 2010 victory with a schism within the country's football management. PSSI in 2011 endorsed a newly founded league to rebrand the ISL and launched the Liga Prima Indonesia (Indonesia Premier League/IPL) as its direct replacement. However, ISL administrators rebelled against this move and continued the ISL series. Arema was also divided into two separate entities, Arema Indonesia in IPL and Arema Indonesia (later Arema F.C.) in ISL.[4] In 2012, Bakrie Group bought Arema after selling their ISL club Pelita Jaya (which was renamed to Pelita Bandung Raya). It thwrated the two clubs merger.[5][6]
Arema Indonesia's founders claimed they had been given permission from Lucky Acub Zaenal, the son of Acub Zaenal, the club's co-founder. Meanwhile, the Aremania fanclub rejected this, leading to the formation of Arema Cronus, which eventually became Arema FC.[7]
Post dualism era
The dualism ended in 2014 with the PSSI taking over the rebellious group that held onto the ISL series. FIFA also intervened and punished Indonesia for its poor management, leading to a competition vacuum in 2015. During the break, the Arema factions merged and agreed to use the name Arema Cronus for the resumption of the ISL in 2016.[citation needed] Prior to the 2017 season, the club changed its name again from to Arema FC amid fan protests.[8]
Liga 1 era
In the first Liga 1 season in 2017, Arema appointed Aji Santoso as the coach and introduced the "Pandawa 5", which consists of five club legends appointed as coaching staff. However, this concept did not last long, because coach Aji Santoso resigned. Joko Susilo, who became the successing coach, brought Arema to finish at 9th place with 49 points. Arema's management also maintained Susilo, is familiarly called as Gethuk, in the 2018 Liga 1 season.[9]
In the 2018 Liga 1 season, Arema performed poorly at the start, with only one win from the first 6 matches, leading to the sacking of Joko Susilo. Milan Petrović was appointed as Arema's coach, who previously serving as assistant. Arema's performance improved by finishing at 6th position.[9]
In the 2019 Liga 1 season, Milomir Šešlija was appointed as the new head coach. He had led the team at 2016 Indonesia Soccer Championship A. The performance of Singo Edan's squad in the season was good at the beginning, but continued to decline at the end of the competition. At the end of the season, Arema occupied the 9th position in the final standings.[9]
The change in the composition of the players was quite extreme and Arema welcomed the 2020 Liga 1 season with the entry of the former coach of Borneo F.C., Mario Gómez. However, the competition was stopped due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and Arema was at 12th place.[9][10]
On 23 August 2022, Arema ceased their sponsorship deal with Bola88.fun, a sports betting website, after national investigation of clubs featuring sponsorship from alleged gambling sites.[13] As a result of Kanjuruhan Stadium disaster on 1 October 2022, which killed 135 fans,[14] the club was fined Rp. 250 million, required to hold home matches behind closed doors and away from at least 250 km from their home base, and two Arema officials were banned from the sport by PSSI.[15] On 29 October 2022, Gilang Widya, the club's chairman in office at the time, announced his resignation from the job.[16]
Club ownership
At the time Arema was managed by Bentoel Group, the legal entity name used was PT. Arema Indonesia. The legal entity name was still used by the Arema Foundation ownership after Bentoel returned club management to the Arema Foundation in 2009 to 2015. When it was returned to the Arema Foundation in 2009, the composition of the shareholders of PT. Arema Indonesia was the Arema Foundation with 13 shares (93%, majority) and Lucky Andriandana Zainal with one share (7%), which was given as a tribute to him as the founder of Arema. President Director of PT. Arema Indonesia was Iwan Budianto and the General Manager was Ruddy Widodo.
Since 2015, Iwan Budianto has formed a new legal entity as the manager of Arema FC as a result of the ban on using PT. Arema Indonesia from Badan Olahraga Profesional (Professional Sports Bureau/BOPI) because Arema FC is not under the auspices of PT. Arema Indonesia. The new legal entity used and registered by Arema since 2015 is PT. Arema Aremania Bersatu Berprestasi Indonesia (AABBI).
Since 6 June 2021, Arema entered a new era ahead of the launch of the 2021–22 season, after the directors of the club appointed entrepreneur Gilang Widya Pramana (commonly known as "Juragan99") as club president. Gilang appointed Ali Rifki as the club's general manager.[17] On 29 October 2022, Gilang and Ali Rifki publicly declared his resignation from the board management of Arema FC.[18] The club owned by PSSI vice president Iwan Budianto again through newly appointed PT. AABBI commissioner Tatang Dwi Arifianto, NZR Group owner Wiebie Dwi Andriyas chosen as club's new general manager.[19]
Stadium
Kanjuruhan Stadium
In 2004 Arema started playing their home matches in the Kanjuruhan Stadium which replaced the Gajayana Stadium. The stadium has a capacity of 42,449 (without single seats). The grass used is Lamuran grass (Polytrias).[20]
On 1 October 2022, in the Super East Java derby between Arema and Persebaya Surabaya, there was a crowd crush after the match due to the police over-using tear gas. As a result of the disaster, all Liga 1 matches were suspended for a week.[21] At least 135 died and 583 injured in the disaster.[14] Besides that, Arema had to play their home matches behind closed doors until the end of the 2022–23 season.[22]
The nickname for Arema FC is "Singo Edan" ("The Mad Lions" in Javanese), in line with the lion symbol and spirited nature of its fans. There have been several color changes throughout Arema's turbulent history but the official colors now are blue and red.
Arema's supporters are known as Aremania and Aremanita. After the Liga Indonesia began in 1997, Aremania emerged as a support group with an aggressive reputation nationwide.[28]
Aremania have a very strong rivalry with supporters of Persebaya Surabaya, who are known as Bonek during games between the two sides, which is known as the Super East Java derby. These meetings often escalates into violence.[29][30]
Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules; some limited exceptions apply. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.
Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules; some limited exceptions apply. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.
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