In the 1998 federal election Widmann-Mauz was elected from the CDU Baden-Württemberg list, the second largest chapter of her party. Four years later, in 2002, she was elected directly for the constituency of Tübingen. She has won each re-election in this electoral district at all federal elections since.
In her first legislative term, Widmann-Mauz joined the Committee on Health. Between 2005 and 2009, she served as her parliamentary group's spokesperson on health policy.
From 2012 to 2022, Widmann-Mauz was a member of the CDU's national board under the leadership of successive chairs Angela Merkel (2012-2018), Annegret Kramp-Karrenbauer (2018–2021) and Armin Laschet (2021–2022).[3] She co-chaired the CDU's national conventions in Karlsruhe (2015)[4] and Essen (2016).[5]
In the negotiations to form a third cabinet under Merkel following the 2013 federal elections, Widmann-Mauz led the working group on families, alongside Manuela Schwesig.[6] In the new coalition government, she again served as Parliamentary State Secretary for Health, this time under the leadership of Minister Hermann Gröhe.[7]
Since 2015, Widman-Mauz has been leading the Christian Democrats’ Women's Union.[8]
In the negotiations to form a fourth cabinet under Merkel following the 2017 federal elections, Widmann-Mauz led the working group on families, alongside Angelika Niebler and Katarina Barley. She was subsequently appointed Minister of State for Migration, Refugees and Integration in the Federal Chancellery under Merkel.[9]
In July 2024, Widmann-Mauz announced that she would not stand in the 2025 federal elections but instead resign from active politics by the end of the parliamentary term.[12]
Other activities
Corporate boards
Paracelsus-Kliniken Deutschland GmbH & Co. KGaA, Member of the supervisory board (2005-2013)
Hallesche Krankenversicherung, Member of the advisory board (2005-2013)
Non-profit organizations
German Federal Cultural Foundation, Member of the Board of Trustees (since 2022)[13]
In April 2020, Widmann-Mauz co-signed – alongside around 50 other members of her parliamentary group – a letter to President of the European CommissionUrsula von der Leyen which called on the European Union to take in children who were living in migrant camps across Greece.[30][31]