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Ali
Ali
Shah of Shirvan
Reign	fl. 909-917
Predecessor	Haytham II
Successor	Yazid I
Died	c. 917; near Derbent
Issue	Abbas
House	Yazidids
Dynasty	Shirvanshah
Father	Haytham II

Ali I (Arabic: علی) was shah of Shirvan (located in the modern day Azerbaijan).

Reign

He succeeded his father Haytham II. Later, making an alliance with Muhammad b. Hashim - Emir of Derbent, he marched on Shandān (in modern Dagestan^[1]) to Islamize the country c. 909 or 912. However, the attack was a disaster for muslim side as about 10,000 soldiers were captured were divided into three groups to be enslaved by Sarir, Khazars and Shandān. Ali was among the captured as well, but he was freed three months later without ransom.^[2]

According to al-Masudi, the Rus raided Caucasus during his reign. Ali built boats to fight off the invasion, but it was no match for 500-ship strong Rus fleet.^[3] The Rus army plundered the region starting from Baku to as far as Arran.^[4]

Vladimir Minorsky argued that the reason for Ali I's downfall was loss of prestige and continuous defeats.^[3] He was attacked by Abu Tahir Yazid, his 2nd cousin-once-removed c. 917. He was captured near Marzūqiya (near modern Derbent) alongside his son Abbas and grandson Abu-Bakr. While he and his son were executed, Abu-Bakr managed to escape.^[5] Abu Tahir Yazid, who was Layzanshah succeeded him as next Shirvanshah, uniting two principalities.

Abbas Shirvanshah

Abbas ibn Ali Mazyadid was the son of Ali I and heir to the throne of Shirvanshahs. He was expected to become shah as "Abbas I" after his father's death. However, he was captured along with his son Abu Bakr and father in rebellion of his great uncle Muhammad II of Shirvan and executed.^[6]

References

^ Musaeva, Salikhat (2019). "Вольное общество "Урахинский сельский союз" и его развитие" [Free society "Urakhi rural union" and its development]. Известия Дагестанского государственного педагогического университета. Общественные и гуманитарные науки (in Russian). 13 (1): 25–30. ISSN 1995-0667.
^ Minorsky 1958, p. 26.
^ ^a ^b Minorsky 1958, pp. 58–59.
^ Cahiers du monde russe et soviétique, Volume 35, Number 4. Mouton, 1994. (originally from the University of California, digitalised on 9 March 2010)
^ Minorsky 1958, p. 27.
^ S. Ashurbeyli – Shirvanshahs, Baku, 2007