On 22 May 2023, a general strike was called in Romania's education system, involving 150,000 teachers and another 60,000–70,000 teaching and auxiliary staff, demanding a rise in salaries in education by 25%. During the strike, there have been multiple attempts by syndicates and teachers to negotiate with the Romanian government, as well as with President Klaus Iohannis. Simultaneous demonstrations took place in Bucharest and several other major cities nationwide.
On 12 June 2023, syndicates announced the suspension of the general strike, provided their proposals for wage increase that were accepted several days earlier are approved through a government emergency ordinance, which happened in the meantime.
The strike is the fourth in the education system since the Romanian Revolution, with previous strikes being called in 1999, 2000, and 2005,[4] and saw the cancellation of the 6th grade exams, as well as of the oral tests of the 2023 session of the Baccalaureate.
Background
The protests were caused by the low salaries of teachers who have the average salary in the economy. Teachers' salaries are quite low compared to other professions in Romania. A teacher earns an average of 39,504 lei annually. After 10 years of activity, a teacher can reach 50,897 lei (10,342 EURO) annually and after 15 years of activity teaching staff can earn 53,943 lei (10,961 euros) annually.[5]
Before the general strike, a two-hour warning strike was briefly called on 17 May.[6] A week earlier, almost 10.000 teachers attended a march organized by education syndicates in Bucharest.[7]
Timeline
22 May – 1 June
Education syndicates announced a nationwide general strike in the Romanian education system involving some 150.000 teachers and another 60.000 - 70.000 teaching and auxiliary staff, beginning on 22 May 2023 at 8:00 AM EEST,[8][9][10] due to low salaries,[11] following failed negotiations between education syndicates and the government in the previous day.[12] Demands include raising salaries to 4.000 lei net for debutante teachers, respectively 7.000 lei net for teachers at the end of their careers, proposal considered "absolutely very hard to fulfill" by the Romanian government, citing a "loss of European funds along with the increase in salaries that would deepen the budget deficit".[13]
Nevertheless, the general strike continued beyond 22 May. The next day, there were consultations between representatives of parents' and students' associations and Prime Minister Nicolae Ciucă, after which the latter stated the demands would be fulfilled in a new unitary wage law that would be finished by 15 July.[14]
On 24 May, syndicates tried new negotiations with government. The government offered to give teachers an amount of 1.000 lei in June and another 1.500 lei in October, however this proposal was rejected by syndicates,[15] instead requesting a 25% increase for every teacher until December. The government rejected this request, insisting that the forms that allow salary increases have been exhausted in the current salary law and that teachers will only receive bonuses of 2.500 lei in two waves.[16][17] On the same day, Romanian news channel Digi 24 (who is rumoured to be financially backed by the ruling National Liberal Party) claimed that the protests are backed by Russia, something criticised by the other parts of the Romanian press.[18][19]
On 28 May, the president of the "Spiru Haret" Syndicate of Education Unions, Marius Nistor, stated that the general strike would continue for a second week, announcing a huge rally in Bucharest on 30 May, in which 20,000 people were expected to participate.[20] Simultaneously, there were protests in several other major cities, including Alba Iulia, Brașov, Brăila, Târgu Jiu and Timișoara. Over 10,000 teachers marched to Cotroceni Palace.[21] In the meantime, the unions and teachers wanted to talk to PresidentKlaus Iohannis, an offer that he accepted.[22][23][24] Nonetheless, the teachers announced that the general strike continues.[21][25]
On 31 May, the government offered teachers a raise of 1.000 lei in salaries, after a new attempt at negotiations between the former and the latter, followed by a phased salary increase to the teacher-desired levels by 2026.[26][27] The next day, the offer was approved by the government through an emergency ordinance.[28] However, syndicates and teachers have also rejected this proposal, and announced that the general strike will continue into June, demanding higher salary increases applied in a shorter term.[29][30]
The decision by syndicates and teachers to reject the offer had been subject to criticism from parents, especially those of students in the 8th and 12th grades that are about to take the national exams.[31][32] At the 2nd EPC Summit in Moldova, President Klaus Iohannis also vehemently criticized the decision: "How dare anyone put the national exams in difficulty? ... After the Government gave them [the teachers] everything they asked for [wage increase], now on what grounds does the strike continue?".[33]
6 – 12 June
As of 6 June, around 52.8% of education staff were still on general strike, while 15.000 of them have given it up, according to the Minister of Education, Ligia Deca.[34] On 7 June, Marcel Ciolacu and Prime MinisterCiucă announced that the government will adopt a memorandum in which it undertakes that it will apply the salary increase in education.[35] In the meantime, there was an attempt by a parent to overturn the general strike by suing the education syndicates; this request was rejected by the Bucharest Court.[36]
On 9 June, thousands of teachers protested once more at Victory Square in Bucharest, eventually marching to Cotroceni Palace, despite the fact that Iohannis was not there, but in Neptun summer resort.[37][38] Simultaneously, syndicates tried a new round of negotiations with the government.[39] The government offered a higher increase of salaries from 2024, along with an additional amount of 1.500 lei net given to teachers once every October, until 2027.[40] By the next day, this offer was also rejected by syndicates, with the general strike slated to continue for a fourth week, putting the calendars for 2023's National Evaluation and Baccalaureate tests in danger.[41]
Later, on 10 June, the syndicates announced that the government accepted proposals of increasing salaries by 25%, giving amounts of 1500 lei annually for teaching and auxiliary staff, respectively 500 lei annually for non-teaching staff until 2027, as well as a first wave of 50% from the new salary scale, from 1 January 2024.[42] The next day, syndicates announced that the strike will continue until the proposals are written in an government emergency ordinance.[43]
On 12 June, syndicates announced the suspension of the general strike, under condition that the proposals are approved by the government through an emergency ordinance,[44] which happened in the meantime.[45] Teachers opposing the decision accused the syndicates of "betrayal".[46]
Impact
The 6th grade exams, originally planned for the days of 24 and 25 May, have been delayed two times due to the general strike,[47] prior to their cancellation on 11 June.[48]
Furthermore, on 31 May, the registration period for the Baccalaureate was extended until 9 June.[49][50] The day of 8 June saw the oral tests of the Baccalaureate being postponed to 14 June, from 12 June as originally set,[51] however they were also cancelled on 11 June.[48]
Model 8 Sirius Sirius at National Air and Space Museum Role Utility transportType of aircraft Manufacturer Lockheed Aircraft Limited Designer Jack NorthropGerard Vultee First flight 1929 Introduction 1929 Number built 15 The Lockheed Model 8 Sirius was a single-engined, propeller-driven monoplane designed and built by Jack Northrop and Gerard Vultee while they were engineers at Lockheed in 1929, at the request of Charles Lindbergh. Two versions of the same basic design were built for the Uni...
Lowland Scottish clan Clan LindsayCrest: Issuing from an antique ducal coronet the head neck and wings of a Swan proper.MottoEndure Fort (Endure bravely)ProfileRegionLowlandsDistrictAngusPlant badgeLime TreeChiefAnthony Lindsay30th Earl of Crawford and 13th Earl of BalcarresSeatBalcarres HouseHistoric seatCrawford CastleEdzell Castle Septs of Clan Lindsay Auchinleck, Buyers, Byers, Cobb, Deuchar, Deuchars, Downie, Fotheringham, Grubb, Leeds, Rhind, Rhynd, Summers, Sumner, Waddell Clan branche...
Voce principale: Unione Sportiva Salernitana 1919. Salernitana Calcio 1919Stagione 2009-2010Sport calcio Squadra Salernitana Allenatore Fabio Brini, poi Marco Cari, poi Gianluca Grassadonia, poi Ersilio Cerone Presidente Antonio Lombardi Serie B22º posto (retrocessa in Lega Pro Prima Divisione) Coppa ItaliaTerzo Turno Maggiori presenzeCampionato: Soligo (41)[1]Totale: Soligo (43) Miglior marcatoreCampionato: Dionisi (10)[2]Totale: Dionisi (10) StadioArechi (38.000) Abbo...
Questa voce sull'argomento politici è solo un abbozzo. Contribuisci a migliorarla secondo le convenzioni di Wikipedia. Segui i suggerimenti del progetto di riferimento. Azali AssoumaniAzali Assoumani nel 2023 Presidente delle ComoreIn caricaInizio mandato26 maggio 2016 PredecessoreIkililou Dhoinine Durata mandato26 maggio 2002 –26 maggio 2006 PredecessoreHamada Madi SuccessoreAhmed Abdallah Mohamed Sambi Durata mandato30 aprile 1999 –21 gennaio 2002...
17th-century Lorrain soldier of the Holy Roman Empire Johann Wilhelm von HunolsteinJohann Wilhelm, Vogt von HunolsteinBorn(1599-04-24)24 April 1599Château-Voué, Duchy of LorraineDied29 July 1664(1664-07-29) (aged 65)Wrocław, SilesiaAllegiance Holy Roman Empire Duchy of Lorraine Electorate of BavariaYears of service1623–1660RankGeneralfeldzeugmeisterBattles/warsThirty Years' War Siege of Höxter, 1640 Siege of Neunburg, 1641 Siege of Magdeburg, 1644 Siege of Krems, 164...
NASCAR crew chief NASCAR driver Rodney ChildersChilders at Martinsville Speedway in 2024BornRodney Scott Childers (1976-06-07) June 7, 1976 (age 47)Mooresville, North Carolina, U.S.Achievements2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series champion crew chiefNASCAR Xfinity Series career1 race run over 1 yearBest finish119th (2000)First race2000 Myrtle Beach 250 (Myrtle Beach) Wins Top tens Poles 0 0 0 Statistics current as of December 23, 2023. Rodney Scott Childers (born June 7, 1976) is an American pro...
الثورة الفلبينية 1986 بداية: 22 فبراير 1986 نهاية: 25 فبراير 1986 تعديل مصدري - تعديل الرئيس فرديناند ماركوس. الثورة الفلبينية 1986 هي سلسلة من المظاهرات الشعبية في الفلبين بدأت في عام 1983 وبلغت ذروتها في 22-25 فبراير 1986. كانت هناك حملة مستمرة من قبل الشعب ضد العنف في النظام...
Alternatives to the current banner This is a list comprising flags proposed as alternatives to the current flag of Australia, which have received media coverage. National flags Flag Date Name Designer Description Notes/References 1854 Eureka Flag Lieutenant Henry Ross[1] The battle flag of the Eureka Stockade featured the five stars of the constellation Crux Australis in white on a white cross and blue field. [2][3][4] 1900 Melbourne Evening Herald Flag (Blue) ...
Kommando Territoriale Aufgaben der Bundeswehr— KdoTerrAufgBw —XX Wappen des Kommandos Aktiv 24. Januar 2013 bis 26. September 2022 Staat Deutschland Streitkräfte Bundeswehr Organisationsbereich Streitkräftebasis Typ Fähigkeitskommando Unterstellung Kommando Streitkräftebasis Standort Berlin Motto Beraten, Bereitstellen, Führen Führung Letzter Kommandeur Generalleutnant[1] Carsten Breuer Letzter Stellvertretender Kommandeur und Beauftragter Reservistenangelege...
This article is about the peak in Alaska. For the peak in Colorado, see Hesperus Mountain (Colorado). Mount HesperusMount HesperusLocation in Alaska Highest pointElevation9,828 ft (2,996 m)Prominence6,978 ft (2,127 m)ListingNorth America prominent peak 81stCoordinates61°48′14″N 154°08′41″W / 61.80389°N 154.14472°W / 61.80389; -154.14472GeographyLocationBethel Census Area, Alaska, U.S.Parent rangeRevelation Mountains, Alaska RangeTop...
Hungarian tennis player The native form of this personal name is Kehrling Béla. This article uses Western name order when mentioning individuals. Béla von KehrlingCountry (sports)HungaryBorn(1891-01-25)25 January 1891Szepesszombat, Austria-Hungary (present-day Spišská Sobota as part of Poprad, Slovakia)Died26 April 1937(1937-04-26) (aged 46)Budapest, HungaryTurned pro1910 (amateur tour)[1]Retired1933[1]PlaysRight-handed (1-handed backhand)SinglesCareer&#...
County in Kansas, United States County in KansasWabaunsee CountyCountyWabaunsee County Courthouse in Alma (2021)Location within the U.S. state of KansasKansas's location within the U.S.Coordinates: 39°01′07″N 96°17′33″W / 39.0186°N 96.2925°W / 39.0186; -96.2925Country United StatesState KansasFounded1859Named forChief WaubonsieSeatAlmaLargest cityAlmaArea • Total800 sq mi (2,000 km2) • Land794 sq mi...
Town in Wiltshire, England Human settlement in EnglandBradford-on-AvonThe Town Bridge over the river Avon.The small domed building is the lockup, where the town's troublemakers were put for the night.Bradford-on-AvonLocation within WiltshirePopulation10,405 (2021 Census)[1]OS grid referenceST826609Civil parishBradford-on-AvonUnitary authorityWiltshireCeremonial countyWiltshireRegionSouth WestCountryEnglandSovereign stateUnited KingdomPost townBRADFORD-ON-...
SillarscomuneLocalizzazioneStato Francia Regione Nuova Aquitania Dipartimento Vienne ArrondissementMontmorillon CantoneLussac-les-Châteaux TerritorioCoordinate46°25′N 0°46′E46°25′N, 0°46′E (Sillars) Altitudine93 e 154 m s.l.m. Superficie61 km² Abitanti642[1] (2009) Densità10,52 ab./km² Altre informazioniCod. postale86320 Fuso orarioUTC+1 Codice INSEE86262 CartografiaSillars Sito istituzionaleModifica dati su Wikidata · Manuale Sillar...
