Gertrude Bell

Gertrude Bell
Gertrude Bell pada 1909, saat mengunjungi ekskavasi arkeologi di Babilonia
LahirGertrude Margaret Lowthian Bell
(1868-07-14)14 Juli 1868
Washington Hall, County Durham, Inggris
Meninggal12 Juli 1926(1926-07-12) (umur 57)
Baghdad, Mandat Irak
KebangsaanKerajaan Bersatu Britania Raya dan Irlandia]]
PekerjaanPenjelajah, pejabat politik
ZamanVictorian, Edwardian – 1900an
Dikenal atasPenulis, penjelajah, pejabat politik, arkeolog, kartografer di Suriah Raya, Mesopotamia, Asia Keci, dan Arabia
Orang tuaSir Hugh Bell
Mary Bell (née Shield)[a][1]
Find a Grave: 19726067 Modifica els identificadors a Wikidata

Gertrude Margaret Lowthian Bell, CBE (14 Juli 1868 – 12 Juli 1926) adalah seorang penulis, penjelajah, pejabat politik, pengurus dan arkeolog asal Inggris[2] yang menjelajahi, memetakan, dan menjadi orang paling berpengaruh pada pembuatan kebijakan kekaisaran Inggris karena pengetahuan dan kontaknya, yang dibangun melalui perjalanan khusus di Suriah Raya, Mesopotamia, Asia Kecil, dan Arabia.[3] Bersama dengan T. E. Lawrence, Bell membantu dukungan dinasti Hashemite di apa yang sekarang menjadi Yordania serta Irak.

Ia memainkan peran besar dalam pendirian dan membantu kepengurusan negara modern Irak, memakai sudut pandang uniknya dari perjalanannya dan hubungannya dengan kepala-kepala suku di seluruh Timur Tengah. Sepanjang masa hidupnya, ia sangat disanjung dan dipercayakan oleh para pejabat Inggris dan diberikan sejumlah kekebalan kekuasaan untuk seorang wanita pada masa itu. Ia disebut sebagai "salah satu dari sedikit perwakilan Pemerintahan Yang Mulia yang diingat oleh bangsa Arab dengan hal apapun yang menyematkan dampak".[4]

Referensi

  1. ^ Bell, Gertrude (1927). Bell, Florence, ed. The Letters of Gertrude Bell. London. 
  2. ^ Bell, Gertrude Lowthian. O'Brien, Rosemary, ed. Gertrude Bell: The Arabian Diaries, 1913-1914. 
  3. ^ "Getrude Bell". The Dictionary of National Biography. ((Perlu berlangganan (help)). 
  4. ^ Meyer, Karl E.; Brysac, Shareen B. (2008), Kingmakers: The Invention of the Modern Middle East, New York: W.W. Norton & Co., hlm. 162 

Daftar pustaka

Tulisan karya Bell

Biografi Bell

--- (paperback edition, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2008) ISBN 0-374-53135-8

Sumber lain

Pranala luar


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