2012 United States Senate election in Texas
The 2012 United States Senate election in Texas was held on November 6, 2012, along with other elections to the United States Senate the United States House of Representatives in additional states. Incumbent Republican U.S. senator Kay Bailey Hutchison decided to retire instead of running for reelection to a fourth full term. This was the first open election for this seat since 1957 .[ a]
Libertarian John Jay Myers was elected by nomination at the Texas Libertarian Party State Convention on June 8, 2012. After the first round of primary voting on May 29, 2012, a runoff was held on July 31, 2012, for both the Democratic Party and Republican Party . Former state representative Paul Sadler and former state solicitor general Ted Cruz respectively won the Democratic and Republican runoffs; Cruz won the general election by a wide margin.
Background
In an interview with Texas Monthly published in December 2007, incumbent U.S. senator Kay Bailey Hutchison stated that she would not seek reelection and might also resign from the Senate as early as 2009 to run for Governor of Texas .[ 2] After the 2008 elections , Hutchison formed an exploratory committee to run for the governorship in 2010 .[ 3] State Republican Party Chairman Cathie Adams later called upon Hutchison to clarify when she would vacate the Senate so that other Republican candidates could make preparations to run.[ 4]
On December 4, 2008, Hutchison set up an exploratory committee, setting up a primary battle with incumbent Republican governor Rick Perry .[ 5] Fellow Texas U.S. senator and National Republican Senatorial Committee Chairman John Cornyn tried to convince Hutchison to stay in the Senate, for fear of losing the seat to the Democrats.[ 6] On January 15, 2009, Hutchison transferred nearly all the money, approximately $8 million, from her federal campaign account to her gubernatorial exploratory committee.[ 7] On November 13, 2009, Hutchison announced that she would not resign from the Senate seat until after the primary on March 2, 2010.[ 8]
Hutchison lost the gubernatorial primary to Perry and on March 31, 2010, she announced her intention to serve out her third term.[ 9] On January 13, 2011, after some discussion about whether she would change her mind,[ 10] Hutchison announced she would not seek re-election in 2012.[ 11]
Requirements for nomination
Texas requires a majority for nomination, as well as a second round runoff between the two candidates with the two highest pluralities if none win a majority on the first round.[ 12] No candidate won a majority in either 2012 major party first round primary, so both parties had a runoff on July 31, 2012.
Republican primary
Candidates
Declared
Glenn Addison, funeral home owner[ 13]
Joe Agris, plastic surgeon[ 14]
Curt Cleaver, owner of a hotel sales, consulting, and management company[ 15]
Ted Cruz , former State Solicitor General [ 16] [ 17]
David Dewhurst , Texas Lieutenant Governor [ 18]
Ben Gambini[ 19]
Charles Holcomb , retired judge from the Texas Court of Criminal Appeals [ 20]
Craig James , sports commentator and former professional football player[ 21]
Tom Leppert , former mayor of Dallas [ 22]
Lela Pittenger, mediator [ 23]
Withdrew
Declined
Endorsements
Ted Cruz
Sarah Palin , 2008 Republican vice presidential nominee and former governor of Alaska [ 31]
Rand Paul , United States senator from Kentucky[ 32] [ 33]
Pat Toomey , United States senator from Pennsylvania[ 33]
Justin Amash , United States Congressman from Michigan CD3[ 34]
Jim DeMint , United States senator from South Carolina[ 33] [ 35]
Mike Lee , United States senator from Utah[ 33] [ 36]
Ron Paul , United States Congressman from Texas CD14 and 2012 Republican presidential candidate [ 37]
Rick Santorum , former United States senator from Pennsylvania and 2012 Republican presidential candidate [ 38]
Edwin Meese , former United States Attorney General[ 33]
Cathie Adams , former chairman of the Republican Party of Texas [ 33]
Tina Benkiser , former chairman of the Republican Party of Texas[ 33]
George Strake, Jr. , former chairman of the Republican Party of Texas[ 33]
Mark Levin , conservative talk radio host[ 33] [ 39]
Erick Erickson , American conservative blogger and managing editor of the prominent blog site RedState [ 33] [ 39]
George P. Bush , co-founder of "Hispanic Republicans of Texas" and nephew of President George W. Bush [ 33] [ 40]
Michael Farris , founder of the Home School Legal Defense Association [ 33]
David Barton , founder of WallBuilders[ 33]
Dr. Robert P. George , professor of Princeton University and former chairman of the National Organization for Marriage [ 33]
Dr. James Dobson , psychologist, founder of Focus on the Family and Family Research Council [ 33]
Family Research Council [ 33]
Americans For Prosperity
Concerned Women for America [ 33]
Republican Liberty Caucus [ 33]
Club for Growth , a fiscally conservative PAC[ 33] [ 39]
FreedomWorks , conservative Tea Party group[ 33] [ 39]
Sean Hannity , conservative talk radio and Fox News host[ 41]
Tea Party Conservative, conservative blog[ 42]
Tea Party Express [ 33] [ 43]
Citizens United [ 33]
Gun Owners of America [ 33] [ 44]
Young Conservatives of Texas [ 33]
Polling
Poll source
Date(s) administered
Sample size
Margin of error
Ted Cruz
David Dewhurst
ElizabethAmes Jones
Craig James
Tom Leppert
Lela Pittenger
Michael Williams
Roger Williams
Other
Undecided
Public Policy Polling [ 58]
January 14–16, 2011
400
±4.9%
3%
23%
6%
6%
3%
—
3%
1%
55%
UoT /Texas Tribune [ 59]
February 11–17, 2011
374
±5.07%
3%
27%
2%
2%
–
—
5%
2%
59%
UoT /Texas Tribune [ 60]
May 11–18, 2011
388
±4.98%
2%
25%
1%
1%
4%
—
6%
2%
59%
Texas Lyceum [ 61]
May 24–31, 2011
147
±8.08%
1%
27%
2%
2%
3%
—
0%
4%
61%
Public Policy Polling [ 62]
September 15–18, 2011
400
±4.9%
12%
41%
7%
7%
6%
—
—
6%
21%
UoT /Texas Tribune [ 63]
October 19–26, 2011
800
±4.93%
10%
22%
2%
2%
5%
—
—
—
41%
Baselice & Associates [ 64]
October 31 – November 2, 2011
600
±4%
6%
50%
—
—
9%
—
—
2%
—
35%
Public Policy Polling [ 65]
January 12–15, 2012
559
±4.2%
18%
36%
—
4%
7%
1%
—
—
3%[ 66]
31%
UoT /Texas Tribune [ 67]
February 8–15, 2012
366
±5.12%
27%
38%
—
7%
7%
1%
—
—
20%[ 68]
—
Public Policy Polling [ 69]
April 19–22, 2012
400
±4.9%
26%
38%
—
7%
8%
—
—
—
22%
DWBS [ 70]
April 27–30, 2012
400
±4.5%
16%
51%
—
2%
7%
—
—
—
—
24%
UoT /Texas Tribune [ 71]
May 2012
274
±5.92%
31%
40%
—
4%
17%
3%
—
—
4%[ 72]
2%
BOR/People Calling People [ 73]
May 15–16, 2012
557
±4.2%
30%
43%
—
5%
14%
4%
—
—
3%[ 74]
—
Public Policy Polling [ 75]
May 22–23, 2012
482
±4.5%
29%
46%
—
5%
15%
—
—
—
2%
5%
• Commissioned by David Dewhurst
Hypothetical polling
With Dan Patrick
Poll source
Date(s) administered
Sample size
Margin of error
Ted Cruz
David Dewhurst
ElizabethAmes Jones
Tom Leppert
Dan Patrick
Roger Williams
Other
Undecided
DWBS [ 76] +
June 4–5, 2011
450
±4.62%
2%
—
4%
11%
19%
6%
—
58%
6%
—
—
—
29%
—
—
64%
Public Policy Polling [ 77]
June 25–27, 2011
400
±4.9%
11%
40%
3%
5%
11%
2%
2%[ 78]
26%
+ Commissioned by Dan Patrick
Results
Runoff
Polling
Results
Democratic primary
Candidates
Filed
Withdrew
Declined
Julian Castro , Mayor of San Antonio [ 92]
Adrian Garcia , Harris County sheriff[ 93]
Ron Kirk , U.S. trade representative and former Mayor of Dallas [ 94]
Nick Lampson , former U.S. representative[ 95]
John Sharp , former Texas Comptroller of Public Accounts [ 96]
Leticia Van de Putte , Texas state senator [ 97]
Bill White , former Mayor of Houston , originally announced that he would be running for the seat when it is vacated by Hutchison. On December 4, 2009, White announced that he was running for governor instead.[ 98] After receiving the Democratic nomination for governor and losing the general election, White declared on November 15, 2010, that he would not run for the U.S. Senate in 2012.[ 99]
Polling
Poll source
Date(s) administered
Sample size
Margin of error
Addie Allen
Sean Hubbard
Paul Sadler
Grady Yarbrough
Others
University of Texas /Texas Tribune [ 100]
May 2012
234
±6.41%
22%
22%
35%
12%
Don't know (9%)
Hypothetical polling
Poll source
Date(s) administered
Sample size
Margin of error
Addie Allen
Daniel Boone
Sean Hubbard
John Morton
Paul Sadler
Others
University of Texas /Texas Tribune [ 101]
February 8–15, 2012
255
±6.14%
10%
10%
12%
3%
10%
Other (55%)
Results
Runoff
Libertarian Party nomination
The Libertarian Party was qualified for the ballot (based on its 2010 performance at the polls). The Texas Libertarian Party nominated John Jay Myers as its Senate candidate, using approval voting on June 9 at the state convention in Fort Worth. The nominating process followed a two-round debate featuring six candidates for the nomination.
Candidates
Robert Butler
Wayne Huffman
Scott Jameson
John Jay Myers, restaurant owner[ 106] [ 107]
S. Ropal Raju
Jon Roland
Results
Green Party nomination
The Green Party of Texas reported two candidates pre-selected at the June 9 convention:[ 110] David B. Collins and Victoria Ann Zabaras. Collins was ultimately nominated (official blog ).
General election
Candidates
Ted Cruz , (Republican) former state solicitor general
Paul Sadler , (Democratic) former state representative
John Jay Myers, (Libertarian) restaurant owner
David Collins (Green), IT service desk analyst[ 111]
Chris Tina Bruce (independent)[ 112]
Mike Champion (independent)[ 113]
Debates
Fundraising
Candidate (party)
Receipts
Disbursements
Cash on hand
Debt
Ted Cruz (R)
$9,053,212
$7,600,914
$1,452,297
$795,000
Paul Sadler (D)
$139,197
$108,442
$30,753
$12,197
John Jay Myers (L)
$6,139
$547
$5,591
$0
Source: Federal Election Commission [ 114] [ 115] [ 116]
Top contributors
[ 117]
Paul Sadler
Contribution
Ted Cruz
Contribution
Communications Workers of America
$5,000
Club for Growth
$659,777
International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers
$5,000
Senate Conservatives Fund
$200,549
International Association of Machinists and Aerospace Workers
$5,000
Morgan, Lewis & Bockius
$41,600
United Transportation Union
$5,000
Goldman Sachs
$40,750
Velvin Oil Co
$5,000
RE Janes Gravel Co
$37,500
3-D Secure
$2,500
Woodforest National Bank
$37,000
American Federation of Teachers
$2,500
Jones Day
$34,900
Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers
$2,500
Bartlit, Beck, Herman, Palenchar & Scott
$36,350
Galyean Lp
$2,500
Baker Botts
$32,313
University of Houston
$2,500
Crow Holdings
$30,000
Top industries
[ 118]
Paul Sadler
Contribution
Ted Cruz
Contribution
Industrial unions
$15,000
Republican /Conservative
$825,098
Lawyers /law firms
$9,000
Lawyers/law firms
$551,662
Transportation unions
$7,500
Retired
$437,961
Retired
$7,500
Oil and gas
$325,850
Public sector unions
$2,500
Financial institutions
$305,110
Financial institutions
$2,500
Real estate
$240,300
Education
$2,500
Leadership PACs
$235,549
Candidate committees
$2,000
Misc finance
$185,700
Lobbyists
$1,000
Health professionals
$155,880
Civil servants /public officials
$500
Misc business
$148,874
Predictions
Polling
Hypothetical polling
with David Dewhurst
with Julian Castro
Poll source
Date(s) administered
Sample size
Margin of error
David Dewhurst (R)
Julian Castro (D)
Other
Undecided
Public Policy Polling [ 128]
January 14–16, 2011
892
±3.3
53%
25%
—
23%
Poll source
Date(s) administered
Sample size
Margin of error
ElizabethAmes Jones (R)
Julian Castro (D)
Other
Undecided
Public Policy Polling [ 128]
January 14–16, 2011
892
±3.3
48%
27%
—
25%
Poll source
Date(s) administered
Sample size
Margin of error
Tom Leppert (R)
Julian Castro (D)
Other
Undecided
Public Policy Polling [ 128]
January 14–16, 2011
892
±3.3
48%
25%
—
27%
Poll source
Date(s) administered
Sample size
Margin of error
Michael Williams (R)
Julian Castro (D)
Other
Undecided
Public Policy Polling [ 128]
January 14–16, 2011
892
±3.3
45%
26%
—
29%
with Chet Edwards
Poll source
Date(s) administered
Sample size
Margin of error
Ted Cruz (R)
Chet Edwards (D)
Other
Undecided
Public Policy Polling [ 129]
September 15–18, 2011
569
±4.1%
37%
33%
—
30%
Poll source
Date(s) administered
Sample size
Margin of error
ElizabethAmes Jones (R)
Chet Edwards (D)
Other
Undecided
Public Policy Polling [ 128]
January 14–16, 2011
892
±3.3%
44%
31%
—
25%
Poll source
Date(s) administered
Sample size
Margin of error
Michael Williams (R)
Chet Edwards (D)
Other
Undecided
Public Policy Polling [ 128]
January 14–16, 2011
892
±3.3
42%
31%
—
27%
with Sean Hubbard
with Tommy Lee Jones
Poll source
Date(s) administered
Sample size
Margin of error
Ted Cruz (R)
Tommy Lee Jones (D)
Other
Undecided
Public Policy Polling [ 130]
June 25–27, 2011
795
±3.5
37%
38%
—
25%
Poll source
Date(s) administered
Sample size
Margin of error
David Dewhurst (R)
Tommy Lee Jones (D)
Other
Undecided
Public Policy Polling [ 130]
June 25–27, 2011
795
±3.5
43%
39%
—
18%
Poll source
Date(s) administered
Sample size
Margin of error
Tom Leppert (R)
Tommy Lee Jones (D)
Other
Undecided
Public Policy Polling [ 130]
June 25–27, 2011
795
±3.5
38%
37%
—
26%
with Paul Sadler
with Ricardo Sanchez
with John Sharp
Poll source
Date(s) administered
Sample size
Margin of error
Ted Cruz (R)
John Sharp (D)
Other
Undecided
Public Policy Polling [ 130]
June 25–27, 2011
795
±3.5
40%
36%
—
25%
Poll source
Date(s) administered
Sample size
Margin of error
Roger Williams (R)
John Sharp (D)
Other
Undecided
University of Texas, Austin [ 131]
February 24 – March 6, 2009
715
±3.66%
29%
33%
—
38%
with Bill White
Poll source
Date(s) administered
Sample size
Margin of error
ElizabethAmes Jones (R)
Bill White (D)
Other
Undecided
University of Texas, Austin [ 131]
February 24 – March 6, 2009
715
±3.66%
33%
30%
—
37%
Poll source
Date(s) administered
Sample size
Margin of error
Michael Williams (R)
Bill White (D)
Other
Undecided
University of Texas, Austin [ 131]
February 24 – March 6, 2009
715
±3.66%
35%
31%
—
34%
Poll source
Date(s) administered
Sample size
Margin of error
Roger Williams (R)
Bill White (D)
Other
Undecided
University of Texas, Austin [ 131]
February 24 – March 6, 2009
715
±3.66%
31%
33%
—
38%
Republican primary (when asked specifically, if Dewhurst were not running)
Poll source
Date(s) administered
Sample size
Margin of error
Glenn Addison
Ted Cruz
ElizabethAmes Jones
Tom Leppert
Dan Patrick
Lela Pittenger
Roger Williams
Public Policy Polling [ 77]
June 25–27, 2011
400
±4.9%
4%
16%
11%
12%
13%
0%
3%
Results
Counties that flipped from Republican to Democratic
By congressional district
Cruz won 25 of 36 congressional districts, including one that elected a Democrat.[ 134]
See also
Notes
References
^ Dr. Michael McDonald (February 9, 2013). "2012 General Election Turnout Rates" . George Mason University . Archived from the original on April 24, 2013. Retrieved April 6, 2013 .
^ Smith, Evan (December 2008). "Kay Bailey Hutchison" . Texas Monthly . Archived from the original on May 17, 2007. Retrieved December 19, 2010 .
^ "Hutchison ponders 'what ifs' of Texas governor run" . USA Today . Associated Press. November 6, 2008. Archived from the original on June 7, 2009. Retrieved December 19, 2010 .
^ "Cathie Adams refuses to withdraw endorsement of Rick (Perry)" . ricvskay.blogspot.com, October 26, 2009. October 26, 2009. Archived from the original on July 8, 2011. Retrieved October 28, 2009 .
^ Johnson, Sasha (December 4, 2008). "Hutchison move sets up possible Texas primary fight" . CNN. Archived from the original on January 4, 2010. Retrieved December 19, 2010 .
^ Blake, Aaron (January 14, 2009). "Cornyn urges Hutchison to stay, keep Texas seat red" . The Hill . Archived from the original on June 22, 2011. Retrieved December 19, 2010 .
^ Wilson, Reid (January 15, 2009). "Hutchison transfers millions to gubernatorial account" . The Hill . Archived from the original on June 22, 2011. Retrieved December 19, 2010 .
^ Root, Jay (November 13, 2010). "Hutchison won't resign seat before Texas primary" . The Seattle Times . The Associated Press. Archived from the original on June 28, 2011. Retrieved July 22, 2011 .
^ "Texas GOP Sen. Hutchison to stay in Senate" . News 8 Austin . TWEAN News Channel of Austin, L.P. March 31, 2010. Archived from the original on July 7, 2012. Retrieved July 22, 2011 .
^ Benning, Tom (May 28, 2010). "Sen. Kay Bailey Hutchison undecided on running, but foes aren't" . Dallasnews.com . Dallas Morning News . Archived from the original on September 14, 2011. Retrieved July 22, 2011 .
^ a b Janda, Greg (January 13, 2011). "Sen. Hutchison Won't Run for Re-Election in 2012" . KXAS-TV . NBC Universal, Inc. Archived from the original on March 19, 2011. Retrieved July 22, 2011 .
^ "Texas Election Code - Section 172.003. Majority Vote Required - Texas Attorney Resources - Texas Laws" . Archived from the original on July 20, 2012. Retrieved June 7, 2012 .
^ "Addison announces candidacy for Senate" . Archived from the original on February 2, 2011. Retrieved June 17, 2011 .
^ "Texans Have a Voice in 2012 Presidential Primary at State-Wide "Saddle Up" Straw Poll in Houston Jan 12 – 14" . Texas GOP Vote . January 3, 2012. Archived from the original on January 19, 2012. Retrieved January 17, 2012 .
^ "candidate's website" . Archived from the original on November 2, 2011. Retrieved October 14, 2011 .
^ "Ted Cruz for U.S. Senate" . Archived from the original on March 10, 2009. Retrieved July 15, 2011 .
^ Grissom, Brandi (January 19, 2011). "Former Solicitor General Ted Cruz Joins Senate Race" . The Texas Tribune . Archived from the original on April 1, 2012. Retrieved January 19, 2011 .
^ "Texas Lt. Gov. Enters Race for US Senate" . Boston Globe . July 19, 2011. Retrieved July 19, 2011 . [dead link ]
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^ "Dewhurst files for U.S. Senate, race to succeed Hutchison taking shape" . kvue.com, Austin . Archived from the original on January 27, 2013. Retrieved January 17, 2012 .
^ Vertuno, Jim (December 19, 2011). "ESPN Football Analyst Craig James Runs for Senate" . Associated Press. [dead link ]
^ Watson, Brad (February 25, 2011). "Leppert says he is running for U.S. Senate" . WFAA-TV . Archived from the original on July 18, 2011. Retrieved February 25, 2011 .
^ "Lela Pittenger for U.S. Senate" . Archived from the original on August 2, 2011. Retrieved July 15, 2011 .
^ Jaffe, Alexandra (November 7, 2011). "Elizabeth Ames Jones leaves U.S. Senate race to run for State Senate" . Houston Chronicle . Archived from the original on September 26, 2014. Retrieved November 7, 2011 .
^
"Florence Shapiro Drops Run for U.S. Senate" . The Texas Tribune . March 31, 2011. Archived from the original on April 30, 2011. Retrieved December 24, 2011 .
^ "Williams drops Senate race to run for Congress" . Houston Chronicle . June 22, 2011. Retrieved June 22, 2011 .
^ Ramsey, Ross (June 28, 2011). "Williams Drops Senate Bid to Run for Congress" . Texas Tribune . Archived from the original on July 5, 2011. Retrieved June 28, 2011 .
^ "Robert Paul Says Texas Senate Bid Unlikely" . Fox News. April 22, 2011. Archived from the original on November 19, 2011. Retrieved December 24, 2011 .
^ "Rep. Ron Paul on a 2012 Senate run: 'It's certainly crossed my mind' " . The Hill . January 19, 2011. Archived from the original on January 14, 2012. Retrieved December 24, 2011 .
^ "Dan Patrick Won't Run for U.S. Senate" . The Texas Tribune . September 7, 2011. Retrieved December 24, 2011 .
^ Ariel Edwards-Levy (May 10, 2012). "Sarah Palin Endorses Ted Cruz For U.S. Senate In Texas" . Yahoo. Archived from the original on October 3, 2013. Retrieved August 4, 2013 .
^ "Austin news, sports, weather, Longhorns, business" . Statesman.com . Archived from the original on September 21, 2011. Retrieved July 26, 2011 .
^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x "Ted Cruz for U.S. Senate - Endorsements" . Archived from the original on January 7, 2012. Retrieved January 15, 2012 .
^ "Security Check Required" . Facebook . Archived from the original on February 15, 2016. Retrieved February 27, 2013 .
^ "DeMint Endorses Ted Cruz in Texas Primary" . Roll Call Politics . Archived from the original on February 16, 2012. Retrieved July 19, 2011 .
^ Gillman, Todd. "Ted Cruz gets Utah Sen. Mike Lee endorsement for Senate" . The Dallas Morning News . Archived from the original on July 8, 2011. Retrieved March 23, 2011 .
^ Mark Whittington (May 7, 2012). "Ron, Rand Paul Endorse Ted Cruz for Texas Senate Seat" . Yahoo. Archived from the original on September 28, 2013. Retrieved August 4, 2013 .
^ "Santorum endorses Ted Cruz in Texas Senate race" . Archived from the original on August 8, 2013. Retrieved May 24, 2012 .
^ a b c d Will, George F. (June 16, 2011). "In Ted Cruz, a candidate as good as it gets" . The Washington Post . Archived from the original on June 28, 2011. Retrieved June 22, 2011 .
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^ "Santorum Endorses Cruz, Cites "Wow Factor" " . May 24, 2012. Archived from the original on May 26, 2012. Retrieved May 28, 2012 .
^ "Endorsement: Ted Cruz for TX Senate" . Archived from the original on April 26, 2012. Retrieved July 25, 2011 .
^ "2012 Endorsements" . Tea Party Express . January 27, 2012. Archived from the original on January 29, 2012. Retrieved January 29, 2012 .
^ "Gun Owners of America Political Victory Fund Endorses Ted Cruz for Senate" . GOA-PVF 2012 Favorites . Archived from the original on May 15, 2012. Retrieved April 15, 2012 .
^ "Rick Perry Stars in Ad for Dewhurst in Texas Senate Race" . Yahoo! News . Archived from the original on June 14, 2012. Retrieved January 15, 2017 .
^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s "Endorsements for David Dewhurst" . Dewhurst for Texas . Archived from the original on September 10, 2012. Retrieved October 9, 2013 .
^ "Editorial: Dewhurst deserves GOP nod" . The Dallas Morning News . Archived from the original on July 30, 2012. Retrieved May 13, 2012 .
^ "Huck PAC - Blogs - Gov. Huckabee and Huck PAC endorse David Dewhurst for US Senate" . Archived from the original on January 20, 2012. Retrieved January 12, 2012 .
^ "IBAT Endorses David Dewhurst for U.S. Senate" . Dewhurst for Texas . Archived from the original on June 2, 2012. Retrieved April 15, 2012 .
^ "Texas Agricultural Aviation Association endorses Dewhurst for U.S. Senate" . Dewhurst for Texas .
^ "Texas Apartment Association endorses Dewhurst for Senate" . Dewhurst for Texas . Archived from the original on June 2, 2012. Retrieved April 15, 2012 .
^ "Texas Association of Business BACPAC endorses Dewhurst for U.S. Senate" . Dewhurst for Texas .
^ "Manufacturers Endorse Dewhurst for U.S. Senate" . Dewhurst for Texas .
^ "Texas Hospital Association HOSPAC endorses Dewhurst for U.S. Senate" . Dewhurst for Texas .
^ "Texas Retailers Association PAC endorses Dewhurst for U.S. Senate" . Dewhurst for Texas .
^ "TSPE Endorses David Dewhurst for U.S. Senate" . Dewhurst for Texas .
^ "Texas Wildlife Association Endorses Dewhurst for U.S. Senate" . Dewhurst for Texas .
^ Public Policy Polling
^ UoT/Texas Tribune
^ UoT/Texas Tribune
^ a b Texas Lyceum
^ Public Policy Polling
^ UoT/Texas Tribune
^ Baselice & Associates
^ Public Policy Polling
^ Joe Agris 2%, Glenn Addison 1%, Charles Holcomb 0%
^ UoT/Texas Tribune
^ Glenn Addison 1%, Curt Cleaver 0%, Charles Holcomb 0%, Other 19%
^ a b c d e f g h i Public Policy Polling
^ DWBS
^ UoT/Texas Tribune
^ Glenn Addison 2%, Joe Agris 1%, Curt Cleaver 1%, Ben Gambini 0%
^ "BOR/People Calling People " . Archived from the original on August 5, 2012. Retrieved May 22, 2012 .
^ Glenn Addison 2%, Curt Cleaver 1%, Joe Agris 0%, Ben Gambini 0%
^ a b Public Policy Polling
^ DWBS
^ a b Public Policy Polling
^ Glenn Addison 2%, Lela Pittenger 0%
^ "2012 Republican Party Primary Election" . Texas Secretary of State. May 29, 2017. Archived from the original on October 30, 2017. Retrieved August 12, 2017 .
^ Wenzel Strategies
^ Public Policy Polling
^ Public Policy Polling
^ "2012 Republican Party Primary Runoff" . Texas Secretary of State. July 31, 2012. Archived from the original on May 15, 2016. Retrieved August 12, 2017 .
^ a b Batheja, Aman (May 3, 2012). "Democrats to Take Stage in U.S. Senate Forum" . The Texas Tribune . Archived from the original on August 1, 2012. Retrieved May 21, 2012 .
^ a b c "Senate races take the spotlight" . Fort Worth Star-Telegram . May 12, 2012. Archived from the original on July 11, 2012. Retrieved May 21, 2012 .
^ Scharrer, Gary (December 19, 2011). "Former rep files for Senate, filling Dem void left by Sanchez" . Houston Chronicle . Archived from the original on February 2, 2012. Retrieved December 20, 2011 .
^ "Boone Enters US House Race Against Smith" . Blanco County News . March 14, 2012. Archived from the original on July 30, 2012. Retrieved March 16, 2012 .
^ "Texas Secretary of State Election Results" . July 9, 2012. Archived from the original on June 27, 2012. Retrieved July 9, 2012 .
^ "Two Dems to seek Senate nomination" . Houston Chronicle . Archived from the original on April 11, 2015. Retrieved December 20, 2011 .
^ Embry, Jason (February 2, 2012). "Democrat Gibson drops out of Senate race" . Austin American-Statesman . Archived from the original on April 7, 2015. Retrieved February 3, 2012 .
^ Lederman, Josh (December 16, 2011). "Lone Democrat drops out of Senate race in Texas" . The Hill . Archived from the original on January 14, 2012. Retrieved December 16, 2011 .
^ "San Antonio's high-profile mayor content with job | AP Texas News | Chron.com - Houston Chronicle" . Archived from the original on July 10, 2011. Retrieved July 6, 2011 .
^ "Sheriff Responds To Senate Rumors" . KPRC-TV . January 17, 2011. Retrieved January 17, 2011 .[permanent dead link ]
^ Gillman, Todd J. (August 22, 2010). "Former Dallas Mayor Ron Kirk says he won't run for office ever again" . The Dallas Morning News . Archived from the original on August 17, 2010. Retrieved December 19, 2010 .
^ Moore, Sarah (December 19, 2011). "Nick Lampson running for 14th Congressional District" . The Beaumont Enterprise . Archived from the original on January 11, 2012. Retrieved December 19, 2011 .
^ Kanelis, John (September 3, 2011). "Kanelis: Main event: Staples vs. Combs?" . Amarillo Globe-News . Archived from the original on September 24, 2012. Retrieved September 3, 2011 .
^ Bartlett, Martin (January 13, 2011). "Hutchison's retirement makes way for GOP hopefuls" . KVUE.com . Archived from the original on June 14, 2012. Retrieved December 24, 2011 .
^ Olson, Bradley; Ratcliff, R.G. (December 4, 2009). "White, Perry lock down governor bids" . Houston Chronicle . Archived from the original on March 16, 2010. Retrieved December 19, 2010 .
^ Holley, John (November 15, 2010). "What's next on Bill White's agenda" . Houston Chronicle . Archived from the original on December 19, 2010. Retrieved December 19, 2010 .
^ University of Texas/Texas Tribune
^ University of Texas/Texas Tribune
^ University of Texas/Texas Tribune
^ University of Texas, Austin
^ "2012 Democratic Party Primary Election" . Texas Secretary of State. May 29, 2012. Archived from the original on May 30, 2015. Retrieved August 12, 2017 .
^ "2012 Democratic Party Primary Runoff" . Texas Secretary of State. July 31, 2012. Archived from the original on March 11, 2018. Retrieved August 12, 2017 .
^ "John Jay Myers Campaign" . Archived from the original on July 13, 2011. Retrieved July 27, 2011 .
^ "2012 Texas Candidates" . Archived from the original on August 6, 2011. Retrieved July 15, 2011 .
^ "Independent Political Report - LIVE Blogging from Texas LP Convention" . Archived from the original on June 10, 2012. Retrieved August 3, 2012 .
^ a b Note: percentages add up to 143.1%, which corresponds to an average of 1.431 approval votes per ballot.
^ "Texas Greens official website" . Archived from the original on March 31, 2014. Retrieved October 1, 2012 .
^ "TexasGreenCandidates.com" . Archived from the original on November 21, 2012. Retrieved November 6, 2012 .
^ Wright, John (January 11, 2011). "WATCH: Chris Tina Bruce on discrimination" . Dallas Voice . Archived from the original on January 13, 2011. Retrieved January 11, 2011 .
^ "Home Page" . Archived from the original on February 2, 2012. Retrieved January 26, 2012 .
^ Paul Sadler Campaign Finances
^ Ted Cruz Campaign Finances
^ John Jay Myers Campaign Finances
^ http://www.opensecrets.org/races/contrib.php?cycle=2012&id=txs2 Archived September 12, 2012, at the Wayback Machine OpenSecrets
^ "Top Donors by Industry (opensecrets.org)" . Archived from the original on August 12, 2012. Retrieved September 2, 2012 .
^ "2012 Senate Race Ratings for November 1, 2012" . The Cook Political Report . Archived from the original on August 29, 2018. Retrieved September 20, 2018 .
^ "2012 Senate" . Sabato's Crystal Ball . Retrieved September 20, 2018 .
^ "2012 Senate Ratings" . Senate Ratings . The Rothenberg Political Report. Retrieved September 20, 2018 .
^ "2012 Elections Map - Battle for the Senate 2012" . Real Clear Politics. Retrieved September 20, 2018 .
^ a b c d e f g h Public Policy Polling
^ Frederick Polling
^ YouGov
^ Texas Lyceum
^ University of Texas/Texas Tribune
^ a b c d e f g h i j k Public Policy Polling
^ a b c d e f Public Policy Polling
^ a b c d e f g h i Public Policy Polling
^ a b c d e f g h i j k University of Texas, Austin
^ a b c d e f Public Policy Polling [permanent dead link ]
^ "2012 General Election" . Texas Secretary of State. November 6, 2012. Archived from the original on February 17, 2015. Retrieved August 12, 2017 .
^ "Daily Kos Elections' statewide election results by congressional and legislative districts" . Daily Kos . Retrieved August 11, 2020 .
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