1981–82 European Cup

1981–82 European Cup
De Kuip in Rotterdam hosted the final.
Tournament details
Dates26 August 1981 – 26 May 1982
Teams33
Final positions
ChampionsEngland Aston Villa (1st title)
Runners-upWest Germany Bayern Munich
Tournament statistics
Matches played63
Goals scored170 (2.7 per match)
Attendance1,675,358 (26,593 per match)
Top scorer(s)Dieter Hoeneß (Bayern Munich)
7 goals

The 1981–82 season of the European Cup football club tournament was won for the only time by Aston Villa in the final against Bayern Munich. It was the sixth consecutive year that an English club won the competition. Liverpool, the defending champions, were eliminated by CSKA Sofia in the quarter-finals.

The final is remembered mainly for the performance of young stand-in goalkeeper Nigel Spink who made a host of saves from the experienced Bayern players.[1] Villa's winning goal came from Peter Withe who converted Tony Morley's cross in off the post.

Teams

Albania Partizani (1st) Austria Austria Wien (1st) Belgium Anderlecht (1st)
Bulgaria CSKA Sofia (1st) Cyprus Omonia (1st) Czechoslovakia Baník Ostrava (1st)
Denmark KB (1st) England Aston Villa (1st) England Liverpool (5th)TH
Finland OPS (1st) France Saint-Étienne (1st) East Germany BFC Dynamo (1st)
West Germany Bayern Munich (1st) Greece Olympiacos (1st) Hungary Ferencváros (1st)
Iceland Valur (1st) Republic of Ireland Athlone Town (1st) Italy Juventus (1st)
Luxembourg Progrès Niedercorn (1st) Malta Hibernians (1st) Netherlands AZ (1st)
Northern Ireland Glentoran (1st) Norway Start (1st) Poland Widzew Łódź (1st)
Portugal Benfica (1st) Romania Universitatea Craiova (1st) Scotland Celtic (1st)
Spain Real Sociedad (1st) Sweden Öster (1st) Switzerland Zürich (1st)
Turkey Trabzonspor (1st) Soviet Union Dynamo Kyiv (1st) Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Red Star Belgrade (1st)

Preliminary round

Team 1 Agg.Tooltip Aggregate score Team 2 1st leg 2nd leg
Saint-Étienne France 1–3 East Germany BFC Dynamo 1–1 0–2

First leg

Saint-Étienne France1–1East Germany BFC Dynamo
Lopez 75' Report Lopez 25' (o.g.)

Second leg

BFC Dynamo won 3–1 on aggregate

Bracket

First round Second round Quarter-finals Semi-finals Final
                  
Austria Austria Wien 3 0 3
Albania Partizani 1 1 2
Austria Austria Wien 0 1 1
Soviet Union Dynamo Kyïv 1 1 2
Soviet Union Dynamo Kyïv 1 1 2
Turkey Trabzonspor 0 1 1
Soviet Union Dynamo Kyïv 0 0 0
England Aston Villa 0 2 2
East Germany BFC Dynamo (a) 2 1 3
Switzerland Zürich 0 3 3
East Germany BFC Dynamo 1 1 2
England Aston Villa (a) 2 0 2
England Aston Villa 5 2 7
Iceland Valur 0 0 0
England Aston Villa 1 0 1
Belgium Anderlecht 0 0 0
Poland Widzew Łódź 1 1 2
Belgium Anderlecht 2 4 6
Belgium Anderlecht 3 1 4
Italy Juventus 1 1 2
Scotland Celtic 1 0 1
Italy Juventus 0 2 2
Belgium Anderlecht 2 2 4
Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Crvena zvezda 1 1 2
Hungary Ferencváros 3 0 3
Czechoslovakia Baník Ostrava 2 3 5
Czechoslovakia Baník Ostrava 3 0 3
Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Crvena zvezda 1 3 4
Malta Hibernians 1 1 2
Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Crvena zvezda 2 8 10
England Aston Villa 1
West Germany Bayern Munich 0
Norway Start 1 0 1
Netherlands AZ 3 1 4
Netherlands AZ 2 2 4
England Liverpool 2 3 5
Finland OPS 0 0 0
England Liverpool 1 7 8
England Liverpool 1 0 1
Bulgaria CSKA Sofia 0 2 2
Bulgaria CSKA Sofia 1 0 1
Spain Real Sociedad 0 0 0
Bulgaria CSKA Sofia 2 1 3
Northern Ireland Glentoran 0 2 2
Luxembourg Progrès Niedercorn 1 0 1
Northern Ireland Glentoran 1 4 5
Bulgaria CSKA Sofia 4 0 4
West Germany Bayern Munich 3 4 7
Denmark KB (a) 1 2 3
Republic of Ireland Athlone Town 1 2 3
Denmark KB 1 1 2
Romania Universitatea Craiova 0 4 4
Romania Universitatea Craiova 3 0 3
Greece Olympiacos 0 2 2
Romania Universitatea Craiova 0 1 1
West Germany Bayern Munich 2 1 3
Portugal Benfica 3 1 4
Cyprus Omonoia 0 0 0
Portugal Benfica 0 1 1
West Germany Bayern Munich 0 4 4
Sweden Öster 0 0 0
West Germany Bayern Munich 1 5 6

First round

Team 1 Agg.Tooltip Aggregate score Team 2 1st leg 2nd leg
Austria Wien Austria 3–2 Albania Partizani 3–1 0–1
Dynamo Kyiv Soviet Union 2–1 Turkey Trabzonspor 1–0 1–1
BFC Dynamo East Germany 3–3 (a) Switzerland Zürich 2–0 1–3
Aston Villa England 7–0 Iceland Valur 5–0 2–0
Widzew Łódź Poland 2–6 Belgium Anderlecht 1–4 1–2
Celtic Scotland 1–2 Italy Juventus 1–0 0–2
Ferencváros Hungary 3–5 Czechoslovakia Baník Ostrava 3–2 0–3
Hibernians Malta 2–10 Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Red Star Belgrade 1–2 1–8
Start Norway 1–4 Netherlands AZ 1–3 0–1
OPS Finland 0–8 England Liverpool 0–1 0–7
CSKA Sofia Bulgaria 1–0 Spain Real Sociedad 1–0 0–0
Progrès Niedercorn Luxembourg 1–5 Northern Ireland Glentoran 1–1 0–4
KB Denmark 3–3 (a) Republic of Ireland Athlone Town 1–1 2–2
Universitatea Craiova Romania 3–2 Greece Olympiacos 3–0 0–2
Benfica Portugal 4–0 Cyprus Omonia 3–0 1–0
Öster Sweden 0–6 West Germany Bayern Munich 0–1 0–5

First leg

Austria Wien Austria3–1Albania Partizani
Steinkogler 26'
Gasselich 27' (pen.), 62' (pen.)
Report Tomorri 21'
Attendance: 27,000[4]

Dynamo Kyiv Soviet Union1–0Turkey Trabzonspor
Blokhin 74' Report
Attendance: 60,000

BFC Dynamo East Germany2–0Switzerland Zürich
Schulz 53'
Riediger 59'
Report

Aston Villa England5–0Iceland Valur
Morley 6'
Withe 37', 68'
Donovan 40', 69'
Report
Attendance: 20,481

Widzew Łódź Poland1–4Belgium Anderlecht
Smolarek 83' Report Lozano 37' (pen.), 62'
Frimann 80'
Pétursson 90'

Celtic Scotland1–0Italy Juventus
MacLeod 65' Report
Attendance: 61,017

Ferencváros Hungary3–2Czechoslovakia Baník Ostrava
Pogany 22', 40' (pen.)
Szokolai 47'
Report Lička 76'
Knapp 78' (pen.)
Attendance: 28,000


Start Norway1–3Netherlands AZ
Haugen 79' Report Peters 16', 23'
Kist 48'

OPS Finland0–1England Liverpool
Report Dalglish 84'
Attendance: 8,400

CSKA Sofia Bulgaria1–0Spain Real Sociedad
Yonchev 89' Report

Progrès Niedercorn Luxembourg1–1Northern Ireland Glentoran
Meunier 27' Report Cleary 1'

KB Denmark1–1Republic of Ireland Athlone Town
Tune 10' Report O'Connor 4'

Universitatea Craiova Romania3–0Greece Olympiacos
Cârțu 6'
Irimescu 66'
Țicleanu 89'
Report
Attendance: 26,000
Referee: Marcel Bacou (France)

Benfica Portugal3–0Cyprus Omonia
Néné 54'
Filipović 67'
Carlos Manuel 81'
Report
Attendance: 27,500

Öster Sweden0–1West Germany Bayern Munich
Report Rummenigge 75' (pen.)
Attendance: 20,100[9]
Referee: Clive Thomas (Wales)

Second leg

Partizani Albania1–0Austria Austria Wien
Ballgjini 31' Report

Austria Wien won 3–2 on aggregate.


Trabzonspor Turkey1–1Soviet Union Dynamo Kyiv
Canalioğlu 27' Report Khlus 57'

Dynamo Kyiv won 2–1 on aggregate.


Zürich Switzerland3–1East Germany BFC Dynamo
Jerković 2', 22', 87' Report Ullrich 47'
Attendance: 7,800

3–3 on aggregate; BFC Dynamo won on away goals.


Valur Iceland0–2England Aston Villa
Report Shaw 25', 70'

Aston Villa won 7–0 on aggregate.


Anderlecht Belgium2–1Poland Widzew Łódź
Brylle 6'
Geurts 50'
Report Smolarek 66'
Attendance: 13,000[12]
Referee: Gwyn Owen (Wales)

Anderlecht won 6–2 on aggregate.


Juventus Italy2–0Scotland Celtic
Virdis 28'
Bettega 40'
Report
Attendance: 65,000[13]

Juventus won 2–1 on aggregate.


Baník Ostrava Czechoslovakia3–0Hungary Ferencváros
Šreiner 7'
Knapp 14', 56' (pen.)
Report
Attendance: 17,636[14]

Baník Ostrava won 5–3 on aggregate.


Red Star Belgrade Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia8–1Malta Hibernians
Goračinov 1'
Petrović 20', 41'
Šestić 35'
D. Savić 43', 58' (pen.)
R. Savić 62', 87'
Report Spiteri-Gonzi 69'

Red Star Belgrade won 10–2 on aggregate.


AZ Netherlands1–0Norway Start
Tol 86' Report
Attendance: 3,500

AZ won 4–1 on aggregate.


Liverpool England7–0Finland OPS
Dalglish 26'
McDermott 40' 75'
R. Kennedy 46'
Johnson 60'
Rush 67'
Lawrenson 72'
Report
Attendance: 20,789

Liverpool won 8–0 on aggregate.


Real Sociedad Spain0–0Bulgaria CSKA Sofia
Report

CSKA Sofia won 1–0 on aggregate.


Glentoran Northern Ireland4–0Luxembourg Progrès Niedercorn
Blackledge 30', 76'
Jameson 53'
Manley 75'
Report
Attendance: 3,673[17]

Glentoran won 5–1 on aggregate.


Athlone Town Republic of Ireland2–2Denmark KB
Davis 73', 87' Report Larsen 15'
Andersen 53'
Attendance: 3,000

3–3 on aggregate; KB won on away goals.


Universitatea Craiova won 3–2 on aggregate.


Omonia Cyprus0–1Portugal Benfica
Report Chalana 75'

Benfica won 4–0 on aggregate.


Bayern Munich West Germany5–0Sweden Öster
Hoeneß 24', 58'
Rummenigge 27', 68'
Niedermayer 31'
Report
Attendance: 7,800[19]

Bayern Munich won 6–0 on aggregate.

Second Round

Team 1 Agg.Tooltip Aggregate score Team 2 1st leg 2nd leg
Austria Wien Austria 1–2 Soviet Union Dynamo Kyiv 0–1 1–1
BFC Dynamo East Germany 2–2 (a) England Aston Villa 1–2 1–0
Anderlecht Belgium 4–2 Italy Juventus 3–1 1–1
Baník Ostrava Czechoslovakia 3–4 Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Red Star Belgrade 3–1 0–3
AZ Netherlands 4–5 England Liverpool 2–2 2–3
CSKA Sofia Bulgaria 3–2 Northern Ireland Glentoran 2–0 1–2
KB Denmark 2–4 Romania Universitatea Craiova 1–0 1–4
Benfica Portugal 1–4 West Germany Bayern Munich 0–0 1–4

First leg

Austria Wien Austria0–1Soviet Union Dynamo Kyiv
Report Bal 23'
Attendance: 25,000[20]


Anderlecht Belgium3–1Italy Juventus
Geurts 24' 56'
Vercauteren 88'
Report Marocchino 39'

Baník Ostrava Czechoslovakia3–1Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Red Star Belgrade
Lička 2', 44'
Knapp 88'
Report Krmpotić 51'
Attendance: 15,745[23]

AZ Netherlands2–2England Liverpool
Kist 59'
Tol 86'
Report Johnson 26'
Lee 49'

CSKA Sofia Bulgaria2–0Northern Ireland Glentoran
Dimitrov 8'
Zdravkov 35' (pen.)
Report


Benfica Portugal0–0West Germany Bayern Munich
Report
Attendance: 45,000[26]

Second leg

Dynamo Kyiv Soviet Union1–1Austria Austria Wien
Buryak 37' (pen.) Report Petkov 23'
Attendance: 59,400

Dynamo Kyiv won 2–1 on aggregate.


Aston Villa England0–1East Germany BFC Dynamo
Report Terletzki 15'
Attendance: 28,175

2–2 on aggregate; Aston Villa won on away goals.


Red Star Belgrade Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia3–0Czechoslovakia Baník Ostrava
Ǵurovski 16'
Savić 50'
Petrović 62'
Report
Attendance: 57,750[27]

Red Star Belgrade won 4–3 on aggregate.


Juventus Italy1–1Belgium Anderlecht
Brio 79' Report Geurts 41'
Attendance: 66,279[28]

Anderlecht won 4–2 on aggregate.


Liverpool England3–2Netherlands AZ
McDermott 42' (pen.)
Rush 68'
Hansen 85'
Report Kist 55'
Thompson 73' (o.g.)
Attendance: 29,703

Liverpool won 5–4 on aggregate.


Glentoran Northern Ireland2–1 (a.e.t.)Bulgaria CSKA Sofia
Cleary 67'
Manley 71'
Report Dimitrov 115'
Attendance: 4,021

CSKA Sofia won 3–2 on aggregate.


Universitatea Craiova won 4–2 on aggregate.


Bayern Munich West Germany4–1Portugal Benfica
Hoeneß 28', 36', 55'
Breitner 82'
Report Nené 63' (pen.)
Attendance: 42,000
Referee: Paolo Casarin (Italy)

Bayern Munich won 4–1 on aggregate.

Quarter-finals

Team 1 Agg.Tooltip Aggregate score Team 2 1st leg 2nd leg
Dynamo Kyiv Soviet Union 0–2 England Aston Villa 0–0 0–2
Anderlecht Belgium 4–2 Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Red Star Belgrade 2–1 2–1
Liverpool England 1–2 Bulgaria CSKA Sofia 1–0 0–2
Universitatea Craiova Romania 1–3 West Germany Bayern Munich 0–2 1–1

First leg



Liverpool England1–0Bulgaria CSKA Sofia
Whelan 65' Report
Attendance: 27,388

Second leg

Aston Villa England2–0Soviet Union Dynamo Kyiv
Shaw 7'
McNaught 43'
Report

Aston Villa won 2–0 on aggregate.


Red Star Belgrade Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia1–2Belgium Anderlecht
Savić 45' (pen.) Report Hofkens 33'
Vercauteren 60'
Attendance: 89,806
Referee: Paolo Casarin (Italy)

Anderlecht won 4–2 on aggregate.


CSKA Sofia Bulgaria2–0 (a.e.t.)England Liverpool
Mladenov 77', 101' Report

CSKA Sofia won 2–1 on aggregate.


Bayern Munich West Germany1–1Romania Universitatea Craiova
D. Hoeneß 21' Report Geolgău 30'
Attendance: 13,000[34]
Referee: Talal Tokat (Turkey)

Bayern Munich won 3–1 on aggregate.

Semi-finals

Team 1 Agg.Tooltip Aggregate score Team 2 1st leg 2nd leg
Aston Villa England 1–0 Belgium Anderlecht 1–0 0–0
CSKA Sofia Bulgaria 4–7 West Germany Bayern Munich 4–3 0–4

First leg

Aston Villa England1–0Belgium Anderlecht
Morley 27' Report
Attendance: 38,593

Second leg

Bayern Munich West Germany4–0Bulgaria CSKA Sofia
Breitner 43', 47' (pen.)
Rummenigge 65', 76'
Report
Attendance: 45,000
Referee: David Syme (Scotland)

Bayern Munich won 7–4 on aggregate.


Aston Villa won 1–0 on aggregate.

Final

Aston Villa England1–0West Germany Bayern Munich
Withe 67' Report
Attendance: 46,776

Top scorers

The top scorers from the 1981–82 European Cup (excluding preliminary round) are as follows:

Rank Name Team Goals
1 Germany Dieter Hoeneß Germany Bayern Munich 7
2 Germany Karl-Heinz Rummenigge Germany Bayern Munich 6
3 Germany Paul Breitner Germany Bayern Munich 5
Belgium Willy Geurts Belgium Anderlecht 5
5 Czechoslovakia Lubomír Knapp Czechoslovakia Baník Ostrava 4
England Tony Morley England Aston Villa 4
Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Dušan Savić Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Red Star Belgrade 4
8 Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Jurica Jerković Switzerland Zürich 3
Netherlands Kees Kist Netherlands AZ 3
Czechoslovakia Verner Lička Czechoslovakia Baník Ostrava 3
Spain Juan Lozano Belgium Anderlecht 3
England Terry McDermott England Liverpool 3
Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Vladimir Petrović Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Red Star Belgrade 3
England Gary Shaw England Aston Villa 3
England Peter Withe England Aston Villa 3
Bulgaria Tsvetan Yonchev Bulgaria CSKA Sofia 3

Notes

  1. ^ Dynamo Kyiv played their home match at Lokomotiv Stadium, Simferopol, instead of their regular stadium Republican Stadium, Kyiv, due to weather conditions.

References

  1. ^ https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/articles/crejqw34r3xo
  2. ^ "Saint-Étienne v BFC Dynamo, 26 August 1981" (JSON). Union of European Football Associations. Retrieved 10 March 2022.
  3. ^ Binkowski, Manfred (8 September 1981). "Diese BFC-elf ließ sich nicht aus den Angeln heben" (PDF). Die neue Fußballwoche (in German). Vol. 1981, no. 36. Berlin: DFV der DDR. p. 8. ISSN 0323-8407. Retrieved 14 June 2022.
  4. ^ "Austria Wien v Partizani, 16 September 1981" (JSON). Union of European Football Associations. Retrieved 10 March 2022.
  5. ^ Pfitzner, Joachim (22 September 1981). "Nach der Pause schneller, druckvoller, erfolgreicher" (PDF). Die neue Fußballwoche (in German). Vol. 1981, no. 38. Berlin: DFV der DDR. p. 8. ISSN 0323-8407. Retrieved 27 June 2022.
  6. ^ "Widzew Łódź v Anderlecht, 16 September 1981" (JSON). Union of European Football Associations. Retrieved 10 March 2022.
  7. ^ "CSKA Sofia v Real Sociedad, 16 September 1981" (JSON). Union of European Football Associations. Retrieved 10 March 2022.
  8. ^ "Progrès Niedercorn v Glentoran, 16 September 1981" (JSON). Union of European Football Associations. Retrieved 10 March 2022.
  9. ^ "Öster v Bayern Munich, 16 September 1981" (JSON). Union of European Football Associations. Retrieved 10 March 2022.
  10. ^ "Trabzonspor v Dynamo Kyiv, 30 September 1981" (JSON). Union of European Football Associations. Retrieved 10 March 2022.
  11. ^ "Valur v Aston Villa, 30 September 1981" (JSON). Union of European Football Associations. Retrieved 10 March 2022.
  12. ^ "Anderlecht v Widzew Łódź, 30 September 1981" (JSON). Union of European Football Associations. Retrieved 10 March 2022.
  13. ^ "Juventus v Celtic, 30 September 1981" (JSON). Union of European Football Associations. Retrieved 10 March 2022.
  14. ^ "Baník Ostrava v Ferencváros, 30 September 1981" (JSON). Union of European Football Associations. Retrieved 10 March 2022.
  15. ^ "Red Star Belgrade v Hibernians, 30 September 1981" (JSON). Union of European Football Associations. Retrieved 10 March 2022.
  16. ^ "Real Sociedad v CSKA Sofia, 30 September 1981" (JSON). Union of European Football Associations. Retrieved 10 March 2022.
  17. ^ "Glentoran v Progrès Niedercorn, 30 September 1981" (JSON). Union of European Football Associations. Retrieved 10 March 2022.
  18. ^ "Olympiacos v Universitatea Craiova, 30 September 1981" (JSON). Union of European Football Associations. Retrieved 10 March 2022.
  19. ^ "Bayern Munich v Öster, 30 September 1981" (JSON). Union of European Football Associations. Retrieved 10 March 2022.
  20. ^ "Austria Wien v Dynamo Kyiv, 21 October 1981" (JSON). Union of European Football Associations. Retrieved 10 March 2022.
  21. ^ Schlegel, Klaus (27 October 1981). "Hier 3 Chancen, 2 Tore - du 7, aber nur 1 treffer" (PDF). Neue Fußballwoche (in German). Vol. 1981, no. 43. Berlin: DFV der DDR. p. 8. ISSN 0323-8407. Retrieved 28 May 2022.
  22. ^ "Anderlecht v Juventus, 21 October 1981" (JSON). Union of European Football Associations. Retrieved 10 March 2022.
  23. ^ "Baník Ostrava v Red Star Belgrade, 21 October 1981" (JSON). Union of European Football Associations. Retrieved 10 March 2022.
  24. ^ "AZ v Liverpool, 21 October 1981" (JSON). Union of European Football Associations. Retrieved 10 March 2022.
  25. ^ "CSKA Sofia v Glentoran, 21 October 1981" (JSON). Union of European Football Associations. Retrieved 10 March 2022.
  26. ^ "Benfica v Bayern Munich, 21 October 1981" (JSON). Union of European Football Associations. Retrieved 10 March 2022.
  27. ^ "Red Star Belgrade v Baník Ostrava, 4 November 1981" (JSON). Union of European Football Associations. Retrieved 10 March 2022.
  28. ^ "Juventus v Anderlecht, 4 November 1981" (JSON). Union of European Football Associations. Retrieved 10 March 2022.
  29. ^ "Universitatea Craiova v KB, 4 November 1981" (JSON). Union of European Football Associations. Retrieved 10 March 2022.
  30. ^ "Dynamo Kyiv v Aston Villa, 3 March 1982" (JSON). Union of European Football Associations. Retrieved 10 March 2022.
  31. ^ "Anderlecht v Red Star Belgrade, 3 March 1982" (JSON). Union of European Football Associations. Retrieved 10 March 2022.
  32. ^ "Universitatea Craiova v Bayern Munich, 3 March 1982" (JSON). Union of European Football Associations. Retrieved 10 March 2022.
  33. ^ "Aston Villa v Dynamo Kyiv, 17 March 1982" (JSON). Union of European Football Associations. Retrieved 10 March 2022.
  34. ^ "Bayern Munich v Universitatea Craiova, 17 March 1982" (JSON). Union of European Football Associations. Retrieved 10 March 2022.

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Petersbachcomune Petersbach – Veduta LocalizzazioneStato Francia RegioneGrand Est Dipartimento Basso Reno ArrondissementSaverne CantoneIngwiller TerritorioCoordinate48°52′N 7°16′E / 48.866667°N 7.266667°E48.866667; 7.266667 (Petersbach)Coordinate: 48°52′N 7°16′E / 48.866667°N 7.266667°E48.866667; 7.266667 (Petersbach) Superficie8,84 km² Abitanti686[1] (2009) Densità77,6 ab./km² Altre informazioniCod. postale67290 ...

 

 

此條目可能包含不适用或被曲解的引用资料,部分内容的准确性无法被证實。 (2023年1月5日)请协助校核其中的错误以改善这篇条目。详情请参见条目的讨论页。 各国相关 主題列表 索引 国内生产总值 石油储量 国防预算 武装部队(军事) 官方语言 人口統計 人口密度 生育率 出生率 死亡率 自杀率 谋杀率 失业率 储蓄率 识字率 出口额 进口额 煤产量 发电量 监禁率 死刑 国债 ...

Perang Aceh PertamaJenderal J.H. Köhler terbunuh dekat Masjid Raya BaiturrahmanTanggalMaret-April 1873LokasiKesultanan AcehHasil Kemenangan AcehPihak terlibat Belanda Kesultanan AcehTokoh dan pemimpin J.H. Köhler  † Sultan Mahmud Syah Tuanku Hasyim Banta Muda Panglima Polem Perang Aceh Pertama adalah ekspedisi Belanda terhadap Aceh pada tahun 1873 yang bertujuan mengakhiri Perjanjian London 1871, yang menindaklanjuti traktat dari tahun 1859 (diputuskan oleh Jan van Swieten). Blokade ...

 

 

Cessna 414 adalah pesawat angkut ringan, bertekanan, bermesin ganda sayap rendah (low wing) Amerika dibangun oleh Cessna. Pesawat ini pertama terbang pada tahun 1968 dan variannya diperkenalkan dari tahun 1978 dengan nama 414A Chancellor. Referensi Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1977–78. London: Jane's Yearbooks.  Simpson, R.W. (1991). Airlife's General Aviation. England: Airlife Publishing. hlm. 190. ISBN 1-85310-194-X.  Taylor, John W. R. (1982). Jane's All The World...

 

 

2021 South Korean television series The King's AffectionPromotional posterAlso known asAttachmentHangul연모Literal meaningAffectionRevised RomanizationYeonmo GenreHistoricalRomanceFictionComedyCreated byKi Min-sooHong Seok-gu (KBS Drama division)Based onYeonmoby Lee So-youngWritten byHan Hee-jung[1]Directed bySong Hyun-wook[1]Starring Park Eun-bin Rowoon Nam Yoon-su Choi Byung-chan Bae Yoon-kyung Jung Chae-yeon ComposerTae-geunCountry of originSouth KoreaOriginal languageKor...

Women working on the Manhattan Project Calutron Girls photographed by Ed Westcott at their calutron control panels at Y-12 The Calutron Girls were a group of young women—mostly high school graduates—who had joined the Manhattan Project at the Y-12 National Security Complex located at Oak Ridge, Tennessee, from 1943 to 1945. Although they were not allowed to know at the time, they were monitoring dials and watching meters for calutrons, mass spectrometers adapted for separation of uranium ...

 

 

Contoh pengambangan citra dengan algoritme Otsu Citra asli Dalam penglihatan komputer dan pengolahan citra digital, metode Otsu (Jepang: 大津の二値化法) dipakai untuk melakukan pengambangan (thresholding) citra otomatis.[1] Metode ini dinamai dari Nobuyuki Otsu (大津展之code: ja is deprecated , Ōtsu Nobuyuki). Sederhananya, algoritme ini mengembalikan nilai ambang intensitas tunggal yang membagi piksel-piksel menjadi dua kelas, yaitu latar depan dan latar belakang. Nil...

 

 

2003 studio album by Laura VeirsTroubled by the FireStudio album by Laura VeirsReleasedMarch 4, 2003GenreFolkLength44:00LabelBella UnionProducerTucker MartineLaura Veirs chronology The Triumphs and Travails of Orphan Mae(2001) Troubled by the Fire(2003) Carbon Glacier(2004) Professional ratingsReview scoresSourceRatingAllMusic[1]Pitchfork Media7.1/10[2] Troubled by the Fire is the third studio album by Laura Veirs, released in 2003. Track listing Lost at Seaflower Cove...

Town in Fairfield County, Connecticut, US Town in Connecticut, United StatesTrumbull, ConnecticutTownThe Fairchild Nichols Memorial Library FlagSealMotto(s): Pride in our Past, Faith in our Future Fairfield County and Connecticut Greater Bridgeport Planning Region and ConnecticutShow TrumbullShow ConnecticutShow the United StatesCoordinates: 41°13′59″N 73°13′6″W / 41.23306°N 73.21833°W / 41.23306; -73.21833CountryUnited StatesStateConnecticut...

 

 

Эта статья — о военных формированиях в составе СС. О самой организации см. СС. О структуре СС, ответственной за охрану концлагерей и другие задачи, см. Общие СС Войска ССнем. Waffen-SS Служащие войск СС на Восточном фронте, операция «Барбаросса» (СССР, 1941) Годы суще...