1912 United States presidential election in Tennessee
1912 United States presidential election in Tennessee
County results
Wilson
30–40%
40–50%
50–60%
60–70%
70–80%
80–90%
Taft
30–40%
40–50%
50–60%
Roosevelt
30–40%
40–50%
50–60%
60–70%
70–80%
The 1912 United States presidential election in Tennessee took place on November 5 , 1912 , as part of the 1912 United States presidential election . Tennessee voters chose twelve representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College , who voted for president and vice president .
For over a century after the Civil War , Tennessee was divided according to political loyalties established in that war. Unionist regions covering almost all of East Tennessee , Kentucky Pennyroyal -allied Macon County , and the five West Tennessee Highland Rim counties of Carroll , Henderson , McNairy , Hardin and Wayne [ 1] voted Republican – generally by landslide margins – as they saw the Democratic Party as the “war party” who had forced them into a war they did not wish to fight.[ 2] Contrariwise, the rest of Middle and West Tennessee who had supported and driven the state's secession was equally fiercely Democratic as it associated the Republicans with Reconstruction .[ 3] After the disfranchisement of the state's African-American population by a poll tax was largely complete in the 1890s,[ 4] the Democratic Party was certain of winning statewide elections if united,[ 5] although unlike the Deep South Republicans would almost always gain thirty to forty percent of the statewide vote from mountain and Highland Rim support.
In the early 1910s, the state Democratic Party was divided over the issue of prohibition . One faction, known as the “Independent Democrats,” wanted the state's Four Mile Law (which banned the sale of liquor within four miles of any school) to apply statewide, while the other faction, known as the “Regular Democrats,” wanted the state's larger cities to be exempt from this law. In 1910, the Independent Democrats fled the party and formed a coalition, known as the “Fusionists,” with Republicans, helping to elect Governor Ben W. Hooper ,[ 6] although the Republicans did not gain at other levels.
With the national Republican Party deeply split, divisions between the dominant eastern wing and the “black-and-tan” western wing of the state Republican Party were opened up as Theodore Roosevelt and governor of California Hiram Johnson planned “lily-whitism” for the South with the “Bull Moose ” party after Roosevelt broke from the GOP.[ 7] The “black-and-tan” wing being revitalised by Memphis banker and businessman Robert R. Church Jr. [ 8] remained loyal to incumbent President William Howard Taft (R –Ohio ), and running mate Columbia University President Nicholas Murray Butler , though it had many fewer votes due to disenfranchisement.
Pollsters always conceded Tennessee to Democratic nominees Princeton University President Woodrow Wilson and governor of Indiana Thomas R. Marshall .[ 9]
Results
Results by county
1912 United States presidential election in Tennessee by county[ 11] [ 12]
County
Thomas Woodrow Wilson Democratic
William Howard Taft Republican
Theodore Roosevelt Progressive "Bull Moose"
Eugene Victor Debs Socialist
Margin
Total votes cast
#
%
#
%
#
%
#
%
#
%
Anderson
597
25.52%
539
23.04%
1,148
49.08%
55
2.35%
-551[ b]
-23.56%
2,339
Bedford
2,305
59.39%
1,474
37.98%
96
2.47%
6
0.15%
831
21.41%
3,881
Benton
1,095
53.00%
652
31.56%
289
13.99%
30
1.45%
443
21.44%
2,066
Bledsoe
464
37.00%
379
30.22%
401
31.98%
10
0.80%
63[ b]
5.02%
1,254
Blount
836
26.83%
870
27.92%
1,410
45.25%
0
0.00%
-540[ c]
-17.33%
3,116
Bradley
645
38.21%
485
28.73%
548
32.46%
10
0.59%
97[ b]
5.75%
1,688
Campbell
554
26.37%
302
14.37%
1,193
56.78%
52
2.48%
-639[ b]
-30.41%
2,101
Cannon
1,184
63.32%
631
33.74%
48
2.57%
7
0.37%
553
29.57%
1,870
Carroll
1,653
40.80%
1,362
33.62%
967
23.87%
69
1.70%
291
7.18%
4,051
Carter
478
13.11%
1,243
34.08%
1,926
52.81%
0
0.00%
-683[ c]
-18.73%
3,647
Cheatham
1,096
70.30%
317
20.33%
123
7.89%
23
1.48%
779
49.97%
1,559
Chester
636
46.29%
312
22.71%
388
28.24%
38
2.77%
248[ b]
18.05%
1,374
Claiborne
903
34.61%
589
22.58%
1,098
42.09%
19
0.73%
-195[ b]
-7.47%
2,609
Clay
718
57.30%
440
35.12%
83
6.62%
12
0.96%
278
22.19%
1,253
Cocke
597
31.21%
757
39.57%
549
28.70%
10
0.52%
-160
-8.36%
1,913
Coffee
1,705
73.59%
521
22.49%
63
2.72%
28
1.21%
1,184
51.10%
2,317
Crockett
1,297
48.31%
852
31.73%
509
18.96%
27
1.01%
445
16.57%
2,685
Cumberland
489
37.44%
372
28.48%
434
33.23%
11
0.84%
55[ b]
4.21%
1,306
Davidson
9,517
76.25%
1,428
11.44%
1,330
10.66%
206
1.65%
8,089
64.81%
12,481
Decatur
758
45.42%
405
24.27%
491
29.42%
15
0.90%
267[ b]
16.00%
1,669
DeKalb
1,394
48.40%
1,219
42.33%
265
9.20%
2
0.07%
175
6.08%
2,880
Dickson
1,689
67.97%
448
18.03%
293
11.79%
55
2.21%
1,241
49.94%
2,485
Dyer
1,469
66.26%
318
14.34%
348
15.70%
82
3.70%
1,121[ b]
50.56%
2,217
Fayette
830
84.52%
59
6.01%
93
9.47%
0
0.00%
737[ b]
75.05%
982
Fentress
399
33.78%
444
37.60%
317
26.84%
21
1.78%
-45
-3.81%
1,181
Franklin
2,172
79.33%
370
13.51%
164
5.99%
32
1.17%
1,802
65.81%
2,738
Gibson
2,671
63.20%
1,002
23.71%
518
12.26%
35
0.83%
1,669
39.49%
4,226
Giles
3,081
60.44%
1,596
31.31%
419
8.22%
2
0.04%
1,485
29.13%
5,098
Grainger
841
33.88%
741
29.85%
900
36.26%
0
0.00%
-59[ b]
-2.38%
2,482
Greene
2,076
41.75%
1,650
33.18%
1,242
24.97%
5
0.10%
426
8.57%
4,973
Grundy
529
61.58%
122
14.20%
87
10.13%
121
14.09%
407
47.38%
859
Hamblen
722
48.39%
427
28.62%
325
21.78%
18
1.21%
295
19.77%
1,492
Hamilton
4,394
50.96%
1,493
17.32%
2,454
28.46%
281
3.26%
1,940[ b]
22.50%
8,622
Hancock
427
36.50%
659
56.32%
84
7.18%
0
0.00%
-232
-19.83%
1,170
Hardeman
1,323
69.09%
320
16.71%
264
13.79%
8
0.42%
1,003
52.38%
1,915
Hardin
738
31.85%
955
41.22%
592
25.55%
32
1.38%
-217
-9.37%
2,317
Hawkins
1,026
40.52%
828
32.70%
660
26.07%
18
0.71%
198
7.82%
2,532
Haywood
1,069
87.69%
34
2.79%
88
7.22%
28
2.30%
981[ b]
80.48%
1,219
Henderson
738
33.90%
473
21.73%
947
43.50%
19
0.87%
-209[ b]
-9.60%
2,177
Henry
2,526
65.44%
941
24.38%
282
7.31%
111
2.88%
1,585
41.06%
3,860
Hickman
1,288
56.49%
868
38.07%
111
4.87%
13
0.57%
420
18.42%
2,280
Houston
586
64.47%
172
18.92%
65
7.15%
86
9.46%
414
45.54%
909
Humphreys
1,283
69.54%
343
18.59%
189
10.24%
30
1.63%
940
50.95%
1,845
Jackson
1,344
57.49%
743
31.78%
251
10.74%
0
0.00%
601
25.71%
2,338
James
202
25.93%
169
21.69%
408
52.37%
0
0.00%
-206[ b]
-26.44%
779
Jefferson
514
25.66%
540
26.96%
940
46.93%
9
0.45%
-400[ c]
-19.97%
2,003
Johnson
256
11.56%
933
42.14%
1,025
46.30%
0
0.00%
-92[ c]
-4.16%
2,214
Knox
4,069
40.73%
1,984
19.86%
3,816
38.19%
122
1.22%
253[ b]
2.53%
9,991
Lake
499
75.04%
122
18.35%
31
4.66%
13
1.95%
377
56.69%
665
Lauderdale
1,020
55.83%
186
10.18%
593
32.46%
28
1.53%
427[ b]
23.37%
1,827
Lawrence
1,504
46.81%
878
27.33%
783
24.37%
48
1.49%
626
19.48%
3,213
Lewis
370
57.28%
126
19.50%
144
22.29%
6
0.93%
226[ b]
34.98%
646
Lincoln
2,651
77.27%
672
19.59%
98
2.86%
10
0.29%
1,979
57.68%
3,431
Loudon
415
38.04%
322
29.51%
348
31.90%
6
0.55%
67[ b]
6.14%
1,091
Macon
787
35.26%
1,251
56.05%
183
8.20%
11
0.49%
-464
-20.79%
2,232
Madison
2,702
65.36%
1,036
25.06%
316
7.64%
80
1.94%
1,666
40.30%
4,134
Marion
810
45.28%
463
25.88%
442
24.71%
74
4.14%
347
19.40%
1,789
Marshall
1,551
76.59%
376
18.57%
87
4.30%
11
0.54%
1,175
58.02%
2,025
Maury
2,309
68.70%
615
18.30%
389
11.57%
48
1.43%
1,694
50.40%
3,361
McMinn
912
42.36%
667
30.98%
557
25.87%
17
0.79%
245
11.38%
2,153
McNairy
1,155
41.67%
616
22.22%
1,001
36.11%
0
0.00%
154[ b]
5.56%
2,772
Meigs
517
50.79%
337
33.10%
163
16.01%
1
0.10%
180
17.68%
1,018
Monroe
1,136
48.63%
721
30.86%
475
20.33%
4
0.17%
415
17.77%
2,336
Montgomery
1,638
67.32%
514
21.13%
199
8.18%
82
3.37%
1,124
46.20%
2,433
Moore
694
84.43%
116
14.11%
11
1.34%
1
0.12%
578
70.32%
822
Morgan
466
28.17%
312
18.86%
841
50.85%
35
2.12%
-375[ b]
-22.67%
1,654
Obion
2,152
75.17%
455
15.89%
193
6.74%
63
2.20%
1,697
59.27%
2,863
Overton
1,531
60.73%
743
29.47%
181
7.18%
66
2.62%
788
31.26%
2,521
Perry
664
56.32%
379
32.15%
94
7.97%
42
3.56%
285
24.17%
1,179
Pickett
411
45.67%
355
39.44%
134
14.89%
0
0.00%
56
6.22%
900
Polk
867
42.69%
533
26.24%
622
30.63%
9
0.44%
245[ b]
12.06%
2,031
Putnam
1,867
58.69%
923
29.02%
386
12.13%
5
0.16%
944
29.68%
3,181
Rhea
692
45.38%
253
16.59%
552
36.20%
28
1.84%
140[ b]
9.18%
1,525
Roane
570
29.26%
482
24.74%
826
42.40%
70
3.59%
-256[ b]
-13.14%
1,948
Robertson
2,287
74.57%
513
16.73%
142
4.63%
125
4.08%
1,774
57.84%
3,067
Rutherford
3,406
68.57%
1,217
24.50%
280
5.64%
64
1.29%
2,189
44.07%
4,967
Scott
160
9.74%
123
7.49%
1,234
75.15%
125
7.61%
-1,074[ b]
-65.41%
1,642
Sequatchie
354
57.56%
139
22.60%
83
13.50%
39
6.34%
215
34.96%
615
Sevier
341
9.17%
967
26.00%
2,410
64.80%
1
0.03%
-1,443[ c]
-38.80%
3,719
Shelby
6,732
64.11%
589
5.61%
2,951
28.10%
228
2.17%
3,781[ b]
36.01%
10,500
Smith
1,863
62.90%
915
30.89%
184
6.21%
0
0.00%
948
32.01%
2,962
Stewart
1,312
64.06%
485
23.68%
54
2.64%
197
9.62%
827
40.38%
2,048
Sullivan
2,413
57.07%
538
12.72%
1,265
29.92%
12
0.28%
1,148[ b]
27.15%
4,228
Sumner
2,477
72.94%
769
22.64%
89
2.62%
61
1.80%
1,708
50.29%
3,396
Tipton
987
55.29%
564
31.60%
222
12.44%
12
0.67%
423
23.70%
1,785
Trousdale
544
68.86%
211
26.71%
35
4.43%
0
0.00%
333
42.15%
790
Unicoi
170
13.87%
280
22.84%
765
62.40%
11
0.90%
-485[ c]
-39.56%
1,226
Union
404
21.12%
307
16.05%
1,192
62.31%
10
0.52%
-788[ b]
-41.19%
1,913
Van Buren
225
58.44%
106
27.53%
30
7.79%
24
6.23%
119
30.91%
385
Warren
1,745
74.26%
339
14.43%
250
10.64%
16
0.68%
1,406
59.83%
2,350
Washington
1,531
35.89%
1,134
26.58%
1,592
37.32%
9
0.21%
-61[ b]
-1.43%
4,266
Wayne
435
24.10%
971
53.80%
390
21.61%
9
0.50%
-536
-29.70%
1,805
Weakley
2,810
63.03%
1,265
28.38%
350
7.85%
33
0.74%
1,545
34.66%
4,458
White
1,222
64.72%
330
17.48%
279
14.78%
57
3.02%
892
47.25%
1,888
Williamson
2,205
71.75%
797
25.94%
62
2.02%
9
0.29%
1,408
45.82%
3,073
Wilson
2,325
70.35%
682
20.64%
292
8.84%
6
0.18%
1,643
49.71%
3,305
Totals
133,021
52.71%
60,475
23.96%
54,041
21.41%
3,564
1.41%
72,546
28.75%
252,353
Analysis
In the end Wilson achieved just under 53 percent of the popular vote, a figure very similar to that which Democrats had achieved in Tennessee over the previous four elections.[ 13] Despite the appeal of Roosevelt's lily-white policy in the many emerging sundown towns or counties of East Tennessee,[ 14] the “Bull Moose” candidate finished third in the state, 2.55 percentage points behind incumbent President Taft.[ 13]
As of ‹See RfD › 2025, this is the last presidential election in which Hawkins County voted for a Democratic presidential candidate, as well as the last election in which Blount County , Washington County , Sevier County , Carter County , Jefferson County , Henderson County , Grainger County , Scott County , Unicoi County , and Johnson County did not vote for the Republican candidate.[ 15]
See also
Notes
^ Prohibition votes were not separated by county but listed only as a statewide total.
^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac In this county where Roosevelt ran ahead of Taft, margin given is Wilson vote minus Roosevelt vote and percentage margin Wilson percentage minus Roosevelt percentage.
^ a b c d e f In this county where Wilson ran third behind both Taft and Roosevelt, margin given is Taft vote minus Roosevelt vote and percentage margin Taft percentage minus Roosevelt percentage.
References
^ Wright, John K. (October 1932). "Voting Habits in the United States: A Note on Two Maps". Geographical Review . 22 (4): 666– 672. Bibcode :1932GeoRv..22..666W . doi :10.2307/208821 . JSTOR 208821 .
^ Key (Jr.), Valdimer Orlando ; Southern Politics in State and Nation (New York, 1949), pp. 282-283
^ Lyons, William; Scheb (II), John M.; Stair, Billy (2001). Government and Politics in Tennessee . Univ. of Tennessee Press. pp. 183– 184. ISBN 1572331410 .
^ Phillips, Kevin P. ; The Emerging Republican Majority , pp. 208, 210 ISBN 9780691163246
^ Grantham, Dewey W. (Fall 1995). "Tennessee and Twentieth-Century American Politics". Tennessee Historical Quarterly . 54 (3): 210– 229.
^ Langsdon, Phillip (2000). Tennessee: A Political History . Franklin, Tennessee: Hillsboro Press. pp. 287– 295.
^ Link, Arthur S. (January 1947). "The Negro as a Factor in the Campaign of 1912". The Journal of Negro History . 32 (1). The University of Chicago Press : 81– 99. doi :10.2307/2715292 . JSTOR 2715292 .
^ Heersink, Boris; Jenkins, Jeffrey A. (March 19, 2020). Republican Party Politics and the American South, 1865-1968 . Cambridge University Press. p. 292. ISBN 978-1107158436 .
^ "Taft Shows Increasing Strength in a Number of Sections and May "Nose Out" the Colonel for Second Place". The Cincinnati Enquirer . October 20, 1912. p. 19.
^ David Leip. "1912 Presidential General Election Results – Tennessee" . Dave Leip's U.S. Election Atlas.
^ "1912 Presidential Election Popular Vote" . Géoelections. (.xlsx file for €15)
^ "Popular Vote for Eugene V. Debs, 1912" . Géoelections. (.xlsx file for €15)
^ a b "1912 Presidential Election Results – Tennessee" .
^ Loewen, James A. Sundown Towns: A Hidden Dimension of American Racism . pp. 72– 74. ISBN 0743294483 .
^ Sullivan, Robert David; ‘How the Red and Blue Map Evolved Over the Past Century’ ; America Magazine in The National Catholic Review ; June 29, 2016